RHEL 5.3 下单节点oracle 11G RAC的安装

开始测试oracle 11g rac，本本的性能有限，因此装个单节点rac。步骤如下：

网卡绑定

修改/etc/modprobe.conf 和/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts下的ifcfg-bond*  ifcfg-eth*

这里不再多说

配置Xmanager连接

vi /usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf

将[xdmcp]下的Enable=false 改成 Enable=true

AllowRemoteRoot=false 改成 AllowRemoteRoot=true

使之生效：

gdm-restart

检查系统中是否安装了需要的包

需要安装的包的清单：

 

binutils-2.15.92.0.2
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)
elfutils-libelf-0.97
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97
expat-1.95.7
gcc-3.4.6
gcc-c++-3.4.6
glibc-2.3.4-2.41
glibc-2.3.4-2.41 (32 bit)
glibc-common-2.3.4
glibc-devel-2.3.4
glibc-headers-2.3.4
libaio-0.3.105
libaio-0.3.105 (32 bit)
libaio-devel-0.3.105
libaio-devel-0.3.105 (32 bit)
libgcc-3.4.6
libgcc-3.4.6 (32-bit)
libstdc++-3.4.6
libstdc++-3.4.6 (32 bit)
libstdc++-devel 3.4.6
make-3.80
pdksh-5.2.14
sysstat-5.0.5
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit)
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)

 

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n'binutils \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-common \
glibc-devel \
glibc-headers \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
make \
sysstat \
unixODBC \
unixODBC-devel

创建用户

新建几个用户组

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1021 asmdba

groupadd -g 1031 dba

groupadd -g 1022 asmoper

 

创建用户

useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba grid

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

 

passwd oracle

passwd grid

 

修改环境变量

 

cat>>/home/grid/.bashrc<<EOFif [ -t 0 ]; thenstty intr ^Cfiexport ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/11.2.0/gridexport ORACLE_SID=+ASM1export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATHumask 022EOF

cat>>/home/oracle/.bashrc<<EOFif [ -t 0 ]; thenstty intr ^Cfiexport ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1export ORACLE_SID=oradb1export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATHumask 022EOF

cat>>/root/.bashrc<<EOFexport PATH=/opt/app/11.2.0/grid/bin:/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin:\$PATHEOF

配置网络

修改/etc/hosts文件(根据实际情况修改)

cat>/etc/hosts<<EOF# Do not remove the following line, or various programs# that require network functionality will fail.127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost# Public Network - (eth0,eth1---bond0)192.168.77.241  rac  rac.wildwave.com# Private Interconnect - (eth2,eth3-bond1)10.10.10.241    rac-priv# Public Virtual IP (VIP) addresses for - (eth0,eth1---bond0)192.168.77.243  rac-vipEOF

配置DNS

服务器端配置

修改/etc/named.conf文件

cd /var/named/chroot/etccat> named.conf<<EOFoptions {        listen-on port 53 { any; };        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };        directory       "/var/named";        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";         // Those options should be used carefully because they disable port        // randomization        // query-source    port 53;        // query-source-v6 port 53;         allow-query     { 192.168.77.0/24; };        };logging {        channel default_debug {                file "data/named.run";                severity dynamic;        };};view localhost_resolver {        match-clients      { 192.168.77.0/24; };        match-destinations { any; };        recursion yes;        include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";};controls {      inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { "rndckey"; };};include "/etc/rndc.key";EOFcat> named.rfc1912.zones<<EOFzone "." IN {        type hint;        file "named.ca";};zone "wildwave.com" IN {        type master;        file "wildwave.zone";        allow-update { none; };}; zone "77.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {        type master;        file "named.wildwave";        allow-update { none; };};EOF

修改/var/named/下的文件

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/cat>named.ca<<EOF;       This file holds the information on root name servers needed to;       initialize cache of Internet domain name servers;       (e.g. reference this file in the "cache  .  <file>";       configuration file of BIND domain name servers).;;       This file is made available by InterNIC ;       under anonymous FTP as;           file                /domain/named.cache;           on server           FTP.INTERNIC.NET;       -OR-                    RS.INTERNIC.NET;;       last update:    Jun 17, 2010;       related version of root zone:   2010061700;; formerly NS.INTERNIC.NET;.                        3600000  IN  NS    A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     198.41.0.4A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:503:BA3E::2:30;; FORMERLY NS1.ISI.EDU;.                        3600000      NS    B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.228.79.201;; FORMERLY C.PSI.NET;.                        3600000      NS    C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.33.4.12;; FORMERLY TERP.UMD.EDU;.                        3600000      NS    D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     128.8.10.90;; FORMERLY NS.NASA.GOV;.                        3600000      NS    E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.203.230.10;; FORMERLY NS.ISC.ORG;.                        3600000      NS    F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.5.5.241F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:500:2F::F;; FORMERLY NS.NIC.DDN.MIL;.                        3600000      NS    G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.112.36.4;; FORMERLY AOS.ARL.ARMY.MIL;.                        3600000      NS    H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     128.63.2.53H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:500:1::803F:235;; FORMERLY NIC.NORDU.NET;.                        3600000      NS    I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.36.148.17I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:7FE::53;; OPERATED BY VERISIGN, INC.;.                        3600000      NS    J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.58.128.30J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:503:C27::2:30;; OPERATED BY RIPE NCC;.                        3600000      NS    K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     193.0.14.129K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:7FD::1;; OPERATED BY ICANN;.                        3600000      NS    L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     199.7.83.42L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:500:3::42;; OPERATED BY WIDE;.                        3600000      NS    M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     202.12.27.33M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:DC3::35; End of FileEOF

正向解析：

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/cat>wildwave.zone<<EOF\$TTL    86400@       IN  SOA  rac.wildwave.com.       root.wildwave.com. (                                        2010022101    ; serial (d. adams)                                        3H           ; refresh                                        15M          ; retry                                        1W           ; expiry                                        1D )          ; minimum @               IN NS        rac.wildwave.com.rac             IN A         192.168.77.241rac-vip          IN A         192.168.77.243rac-scan          IN A         192.168.77.245rac-scan          IN A         192.168.77.246rac-scan          IN A         192.168.77.247EOF

反向解析：

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/cat>named.wildwave<<EOF\$TTL    86400@      IN      SOA     rac.wildwave.com.   root.wildwave.com.  (                                      2010022101 ; Serial                                      28800           ; Refresh                                      14400           ; Retry                                      3600000       ; Expire                                      86400 )         ; Minimum@       IN     NS      rac.wildwave.com.241     IN     PTR      rac.wildwave.com.243     IN     PTR      rac-vip.wildwave.com.245     IN     PTR      rac-scan.wildwave.com.246     IN     PTR      rac-scan.wildwave.com.247     IN     PTR      rac-scan.wildwave.com.EOF

chkconfig named on

service named restart

客户端配置

cat>/etc/resolv.conf<<EOF

nameserver 192.168.77.241

EOF

 

vi /etc/nsswitch.conf

hosts: files dns

顺序改为

hosts:dns files

时间同步

使用CTSS

这个试验里我们使用CTSS

 

停ntp 时间同步

 

/etc/init.d/ntpd stop

 

chkconfig ntpd off

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org

 

 

 

使用NTP

 

chkconfig ntpd on

 

vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd

 

# Drop root to id 'ntp:ntp' by default.

OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p/var/run/ntpd.pid"

# Set to 'yes' to sync hw clock aftersuccessful ntpdate

SYNC_HWCLOCK=no

# Additional options for ntpdate

NTPDATE_OPTIONS=""

Then, restart the NTP service.

/sbin/service ntpd restart

配置内核参数

cat>>/etc/sysctl.conf <<EOFkernel.shmmax = 4294967295 kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128fs.file-max = 6815744net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576fs.aio-max-nr=1048576EOF

修改资源限制

cat>>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOFgrid soft nproc 2047grid hard nproc 16384grid soft nofile 1024grid hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536EOFecho "session required pam_limits.so">>/etc/pam.d/logincat>>/etc/profile<<EOF if [ \$USER = \"oracle\" ] || [ $USER = \"grid\" ]; thenif [ \$SHELL = \"/bin/ksh\" ]; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fiumask 022fiEOF

创建相关目录

mkdir -p /opt/app/oraInventorychown -R grid:oinstall /opt/app/oraInventorychmod -R 775 /opt/app/oraInventorymkdir -p /opt/app/11.2.0/gridchown -R grid:oinstall /opt/app/11.2.0/gridchmod -R 775 /opt/app/11.2.0/gridmkdir -p /opt/app/oraclemkdir /opt/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/app/oraclechmod -R 775 /opt/app/oraclemkdir -p /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1chmod -R 775 /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

安装和配置ASMLib

rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.i386.rpm\
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm \
oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm

/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

 

Default user to own the driver interface[]: grid
Default group to own the driver interface[]: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot(y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n)[y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driverconfiguration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLibdisks: [ OK ]
 

添加asmdisk

/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK1 /dev/sdc1

/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK2 /dev/sdc2

/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK3 /dev/sdc3

/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK4 /dev/sdc4

/usr/sbin/oracleasm scandisks

/usr/sbin/oracleasm listdisks

安装cvuqdisk包

 

在grid安装目录中的rpm下，安装这个包

 

[root@rac rpm]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

Preparing...               ########################################### [100%]

Using default group oinstall to installpackage

  1:cvuqdisk               ###########################################[100%]

若cvuqdisk的所有者不为oinstall，则需要设置环境变量CVUQDISK_GRP的值为该用户组

安装Grid Infrastructure

使用grid用户登录，执行runInstaller来安装

这里的cluster name 添集群名称，scan name填上在dns服务器中配置的scan ip对应的名称

创建asm disk group，用于存放ocr和vote，冗余度normal为3倍，high为5倍

安装RDBMS

创建数据库