struts2_hibernate登陆范例

开发工具：MyEclipse6.0 ，Tomcat 5.5 ，JDK 1.5  ，MySQL 5.0 ；开发准备：下载Struts2.0和Hibernate 3.2，大家可Struts和Hibernate的官方网站下载这两个框架。我们先来总览一下开发完成后的包—类图：

首先NEW一个Web Project ，名为"LoginSystem"，在 lib 目录下加入Struts 2.0的Jar包和Hibernate 3.2的Jar包，然后按下面的步骤来：

    1、在 src 目录下建 "hibernate.cfg.xml" 全部代码如下：

 1 <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC 3           "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" 4           "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> 5  6 <!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools.                   --> 7 <hibernate-configuration> 8     <session-factory> 9         <property name="connection.username">root</property>10         <property name="connection.url">11             jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/LoginSystem12         </property>13         <property name="dialect">14             org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect15         </property>16         <property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">17             LoginSystem18         </property>19         <property name="connection.password">root</property>20         <property name="connection.driver_class">21             com.mysql.jdbc.Driver22         </property>23         <property name="show_sql">true</property>24         <!-- POJO类映射配置 -->25         <mapping resource="com/rong/ORM/User.hbm.xml" />26     </session-factory>27 </hibernate-configuration>

2、建立实体类 "User.java" 及其映射文件 "User.hbm.xml" 两者都放在"com.rong.ORM" 包下。其中"User.java"的代码如下：

 1 package com.rong.ORM; 2  3  public class User { 4      5     private int id;        //主键ID 6     private String name;    //用户名 7     private String pwd;        //密码 8  9      /*10      * Getter方法与Setter方法11      */    12      public String getName() {13         return name;14     }15      public void setName(String name) {16         this.name = name;17     }18      public String getPwd() {19         return pwd;20     }21      public void setPwd(String pwd) {22         this.pwd = pwd;23     }24      public int getId() {25         return id;26     }27      public void setId(int id) {28         this.id = id;29     }30 }

User.hbm.xml的代码如下：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" 3 "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> 4  5 <hibernate-mapping> 6     <class name="com.rong.ORM.User" table="tb_user"> 7         <id name="id"> 8             <generator class="native"/> 9         </id>10         <property name="name" type="java.lang.String" length="20"/>11         <property name="pwd" type="java.lang.String" length="20"/>12     </class>13 </hibernate-mapping>

3、建立"ExportDB.java"工具类，我们执行如下代码，就能轻松将User类导入数据库转变成数据库中的表。不过，前提是我们已经在MySQL中建立了一个名为"LoginSystem"的数据库。

 1 package tool; 2  3 import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; 4 import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport; 5  6  public class ExportDB { 7      8      /* 9      * 运行此类,通过POJO类和配置文件,生成数据库的表10      */11      public static void main(String[] args){12         Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();13         SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(cfg);14         export.create(true, true);15     }16 }17

4、建立获取SessionFactory和管理Session的HibernateUtil.java类：

 1 package com.rong.hibernate; 2  3 import org.hibernate.HibernateException; 4 import org.hibernate.Session; 5 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; 6 import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; 7  8  public class HibernateUtil { 9     10     //声明Hibernate配置文件所在的路径11     private static String configFile = "/hibernate.cfg.xml";12     //建Configuration对象13     private static Configuration configuration = new Configuration();14     //建Session工厂对象15     private static SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;16     17      /**18      * 单例模式,只初始化一次,只产生一个SessionFactory对象(线程安全)19      */20      static {21          try{22             //通过hibernate.cfg.xml配置数据库连接23             configuration.configure(configFile);24             //建立一个Session工厂25             sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();26             System.out.println("[标记]初始化SessionFactory");27          }catch(Exception e){28             System.out.println("[异常]创建SessionFactory时发生异常,异常原因如下:");29             e.printStackTrace();30         }31     }32     33      /**34      * getSession()方法35      * @return Session对象36      * @throws HibernateException37      */38      public Session getSession(){39         Session session = null;40          try{41             session = sessionFactory.openSession();42          }catch(Exception e){43             System.out.println("[异常]开启Session时发生异常,异常原因如下:");44             e.printStackTrace();45         }46         return session;47     }48     49      /**50      * closeSession()方法51      * @param session 要关闭的Session对象52      */53      public void closeSession(Session session){54          try{55             if(null != session)56                 session.close();57          }catch(Exception e){58             System.out.println("[异常]关闭Session时发生异常,异常原因如下:");59             e.printStackTrace();60         }61     }62     63     64     66 }67 

5、DAO层设计：在"com.rong.DAO"包下建立两个类，一个是接口，一个是实现类，其中UserDao.java代码如下：

 1 package com.rong.DAO; 2  3 import java.util.List; 4 import com.rong.ORM.User; 5  6  public interface UserDao { 7      8      /** 9      * 增加用户10      * @param user 要增加的用户11      */12     public void add(User user);13     14      /**15      * 登录验证16      * @param name17      * @param password18      * @return -1:不存在用户名 ; -2:密码不正确 ; >0:登录成功(即返回该记录ID)19      */20     public int isExist(String name,String password);    21 }

UserDaoImpl.java的代码如下:

 1 package com.rong.DAO; 2  3 import java.util.Iterator; 4 import java.util.List; 5 import org.hibernate.Query; 6 import org.hibernate.Session; 7 import org.hibernate.Transaction; 8 import com.rong.ORM.User; 9 import com.rong.hibernate.HibernateUtil;10 11  public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {12 13     HibernateUtil util = new HibernateUtil();14     15      /**16      * 增加用户17      * @param user 要增加的用户18      */19      public void add(User user){20         Session session = util.getSession();21         Transaction ts = null;22          try{23             ts = session.beginTransaction();24             session.save(user);25             ts.commit();26          }catch(Exception e){27             System.out.println("UserDaoImpl.add()方法发生异常:");28             e.printStackTrace();29          }finally{30             util.closeSession(session);31         }32     }33     34      /**35      * 登录验证36      * @param name37      * @param password38      * @return -1:不存在用户名 ; -2:密码不正确 ; >0:登录成功(即返回该记录ID)39      */40      public int isExist(String name,String password){41         //int state = 0 ;        //初始化状态变量42         Session session = util.getSession();43          try{44             Query query = session.createQuery("from User u where u.name = ?");45             query.setString(0, name);46             List list = query.list();47              if(null == list || 0 == list.size()){48                 return -1 ;     //用户名不存在49             }50             Query query2 = session.createQuery("from User u where u.name = ? and u.pwd = ?");51             query2.setString(0, name);52             query2.setString(1, password);53             List list2 = query.list();54              if(null == list2){55                 return -2 ;        //密码不正确56             }57             Iterator it = list.iterator();58             User user = (User)it.next();59             return user.getId();    //验证成功,取ID值60             61          }catch(Exception e){62             System.out.println("UserDaoImpl.isExist()方法发生异常:");63             e.printStackTrace();64             return 0;    //异常时返回065          }finally{66             util.closeSession(session);67         }68     }69 }70 

6、在web.xml中配置Struts2.0支持：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee  5     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> 6  7     <!-- 用过滤器配置Struts2支持 --> 8     <filter> 9         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>10         <filter-class>11             org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher12         </filter-class>13     </filter>14     <filter-mapping>15         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>16         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>17     </filter-mapping>18 19     <welcome-file-list>20         <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>21     </welcome-file-list>22 </web-app>

7、登录页面login.jsp代码如下：

 1  <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%> 2  <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> 3 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 4 <html> 5     <head> 6  7         <title>Login Page</title> 8     </head> 9 10     <body>11         <p><a href="register.jsp">用户注册</a>|用户登录</p>12                 <s:form action="loginAction" theme="simple">13             <table>14                 <tr>15                     <td style="text-align:right">16                         账号17                     </td>18                     <td>19                         <s:textfield name="name" label="账号" />20 21                     </td>22                 </tr>23                 <tr>24                     <td style="text-align:right">25                         密码26                     </td>27                     <td>28                         <s:password name="pwd" label="密码" />29                     </td>30                 </tr>31                 <tr>32                     <td style="text-align:right">33                         验证码34                     </td>35                     <td>36                         <s:textfield name="inputCertCode" label="验证码" cssStyle="width:100px"/>37                         <img src="other/makeCertPic.jsp">38                     </td>39                 </tr>40                 <tr>41                     <td style="text-align:right">42                         <s:submit value="登录" />43                     </td>44                     <td style="text-align:left">45                         <s:reset value="取消"/>46                     </td>47                 </tr>48             </table>49         </s:form>50         <s:fielderror cssStyle="color:red"/>51     </body>52 </html>53 

注册页register.jsp代码如下:

 1  <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%> 2  <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%> 3 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> 4 <html> 5     <head> 6  7         <title>Register Page</title> 8     </head> 9 10     <body>11         <p><a href="login.jsp">用户登录</a>|用户注册</p>12         <s:form action="registerAction" theme="simple">13             <table>14                 <tr>15                     <td style="text-align:right">16                         请输入账号17                     </td>18                     <td>19                         <s:textfield name="user.name" label="账号" />20 21                     </td>22                 </tr>23                 <tr>24                     <td style="text-align:right">25                         请输入密码26                     </td>27                     <td>28                         <s:password name="user.pwd" label="密码" />29                     </td>30                 </tr>31                 <tr>32                     <td style="text-align:right">33                         请再次输入密码34                     </td>35                     <td>36                         <s:password name="repwd" label="重复密码" />37                     </td>38                 </tr>39                 <tr>40                     <td style="text-align:right">41                         请输入验证码42                     </td>43                     <td>44                         <s:textfield name="inputCertCode" label="验证码" cssStyle="width:100px"/>45                         <img src="other/makeCertPic.jsp">46                     </td>47                 </tr>48                 <tr>49                     <td style="text-align:right">50                         <s:submit value="注册" />51                     </td>52                     <td style="text-align:left">53                         <s:reset value="取消"/>54                     </td>55                 </tr>56             </table>57         </s:form>58         <s:fielderror cssStyle="color:red"/>59     </body>60 </html>61 

8、在JSP页中所用到的验证码的生成页面makeCertPic.jsp（我们把它放在WebRoot的other目录下）：

1  <%@page contentType="image/jpeg" pageEncoding="gbk"%>2 <jsp:useBean id="image" scope="page" class="com.rong.other.makeCertPic" />3  <%4     String str = image.getCertPic(0,0,response.getOutputStream());5     // 将验证码保存到Session中6     session.setAttribute("certCode", str); 7 %>

其中，它调用了名为makeCertPic的Bean ，这个类主要用来生成彩色的验证图片，其代码如下：

 1 package com.rong.other; 2 import java.awt.Color; 3 import java.awt.Font; 4 import java.awt.Graphics; 5 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; 6 import java.io.IOException; 7 import java.io.OutputStream; 8 import java.util.Random; 9 import javax.imageio.ImageIO;10  /**11  * 生成验证码图片12  */13  public class makeCertPic {14     //验证码图片中可以出现的字符集,可根据需要修改15      private char mapTable[]={16             'a','b','c','d','e','f',17             'g','h','i','j','k','l',18             'm','n','o','p','q','r',19             's','t','u','v','w','x',20             'y','z','0','1','2','3',21             '4','5','6','7','8','9'};22      /**23      * 功能:生成彩色验证码图片24      * 参数width为生成的图片的宽度,参数height为生成的图片的高度,参数os为页面的输出流25      */26      public String getCertPic(int width, int height, OutputStream os) {27         if(width<=0)width=60;28         if(height<=0)height=20;    29         BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, 30                                     BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 31         // 获取图形上下文 32         Graphics g = image.getGraphics(); 33         // 设定背景色 34         g.setColor(new Color(0xDCDCDC)); 35         g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); 36         //画边框 37         g.setColor(Color.black); 38         g.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1); 39         // 取随机产生的认证码40         String strEnsure = "";41         // 4代表4位验证码,如果要生成更多位的认证码,则加大数值42          for(int i=0; i<4; ++i) {43             strEnsure += mapTable[(int)(mapTable.length*Math.random())];44         }        45         // 将认证码显示到图象中,如果要生成更多位的认证码,增加drawString语句46         g.setColor(Color.black); 47         g.setFont(new Font("Atlantic Inline",Font.PLAIN,18)); 48         String str = strEnsure.substring(0,1); 49         g.drawString(str,8,17);     50         str = strEnsure.substring(1,2); 51         g.drawString(str,20,15); 52         str = strEnsure.substring(2,3); 53         g.drawString(str,35,18);         54         str = strEnsure.substring(3,4); 55         g.drawString(str,45,15); 56         // 随机产生10个干扰点57         Random rand = new Random();58          for (int i=0;i<10;i++) { 59             int x = rand.nextInt(width); 60             int y = rand.nextInt(height); 61             g.drawOval(x,y,1,1); 62         } 63         // 释放图形上下文64         g.dispose();         65          try {66             // 输出图象到页面 67             ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", os);68          } catch (IOException e) {69             return "";70         }        71         return strEnsure;72     }73 }74 

9、此时，我们很有必要来配置一下struts.xml其全部代码如下:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC 3         "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" 4         "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> 5  6 <struts> 7  8     <package name="com.rong.action" extends="struts-default"> 9         <!-- 用户登录 -->10         <action name="loginAction" class="com.rong.action.LoginAction">11             <result name="success" type="redirect">/back/index.jsp</result>12             <result name="input">/login.jsp</result>13         </action>14         <!-- 用户注册 -->15         <action name="registerAction" class="com.rong.action.RegisterAction">16             <result name="success" type="redirect">/login.jsp</result>17             <result name="input">/register.jsp</result>18         </action>19     </package>20 </struts>

10、Action层设计：两个非常关键的类，其中LoginAction.java的代码如下：

 1 package com.rong.action; 2  3 import java.util.Map; 4 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext; 5 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; 6 import com.rong.DAO.UserDao; 7 import com.rong.DAO.UserDaoImpl; 8 import com.rong.ORM.User; 9 10  public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {11     12     13     private UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();    //操纵数据库DAO类(Hibernate实现),通过Struts.xml注入值14     15     private int id;16     private String name;    //用户名(值由struts注入)17     private String pwd;        //密码(值由struts注入)18     19     private String inputCertCode;    //验证码20 21      public int getId() {22         return id;23     }24      public void setId(int id) {25         this.id = id;26     }27      public String getName() {28         return name;29     }30      public void setName(String name) {31         this.name = name;32     }33      public String getPwd() {34         return pwd;35     }36      public void setPwd(String pwd) {37         this.pwd = pwd;38     }39 40      public String getInputCertCode() {41         return inputCertCode;42     }43      public void setInputCertCode(String inputCertCode) {44         this.inputCertCode = inputCertCode;45     }46     @Override47      public String execute() throws Exception {48         int state = userDao.isExist(name,pwd);49         System.out.println("state="+state);50          if(state == -1){51             this.addFieldError("name", "用户名不正确,请先注册!");52             return INPUT;53          }else if(state == -2){54             this.addFieldError("pwd", "密码不正确,请重新输入密码!");55             return INPUT;56          }else if(state > 0){57             System.out.println("[测试]登录成功!用户ID="+state);58             this.setId(state);59             return SUCCESS;60          }else{61             this.addFieldError("name", "登录失败,请与管理员联系!");62             return INPUT;63         }64     }65     66      public void validate() {67         //验证码验证68          if(null == inputCertCode || "".equals(inputCertCode)){69             this.addFieldError("inputCertCode", "验证码不能为空!");70          }else{71             Map session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();72             String certCode = session.get("certCode").toString();73              if( ! certCode.equals(this.inputCertCode)){74                 this.addFieldError("inputCertCode", "验证码不正确!");75             }76         }77         78     }79     80     81     82 83 }84 

RegisterAction.java的代码如下：

 1 package com.rong.action; 2  3 import java.util.Map; 4  5 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext; 6 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; 7 import com.rong.DAO.UserDao; 8 import com.rong.DAO.UserDaoImpl; 9 import com.rong.ORM.User;10 11  public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {12 13     private UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();14 15     private User user;    //注册提交的用户对象16     17     private String repwd;    //重复密码18     19     private String inputCertCode;    //验证码20 21      public User getUser() {22         return user;23     }24 25      public void setUser(User user) {26         this.user = user;27     }28 29      public String getRepwd() {30         return repwd;31     }32 33      public void setRepwd(String repwd) {34         this.repwd = repwd;35     }36 37      public String getInputCertCode() {38         return inputCertCode;39     }40 41      public void setInputCertCode(String inputCertCode) {42         this.inputCertCode = inputCertCode;43     }44 45     @Override46      public String execute() throws Exception {47         User user = new User();48         userDao.add(user);        //保存注册的user对象49         return SUCCESS;50     }51 52     @Override53      public void validate() {54         //验证码验证55          if(null == inputCertCode || "".equals(inputCertCode)){56             this.addFieldError("inputCertCode", "验证码不能为空!");57          }else{58             Map session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();59             String certCode = session.get("certCode").toString();60              if( ! certCode.equals(this.inputCertCode)){61                 this.addFieldError("inputCertCode", "验证码不正确!");62             }63         }64         65     }66         67 }68 

11、不要忘记配置校验框架，与上面两个Action同一个目录下。LoginAction-validation.xml代码如下：

 1 <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"  2     "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd"> 3  4 <validators> 5     <!-- 用户名验证 --> 6     <field name="name"> 7         <field-validator type="requiredstring"> 8             <param name="trim">true</param> 9             <message>用户名不能为空!</message>10         </field-validator>11         <field-validator type="regex">12             <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(\w{4,8})]]></param>13             <message>账号必须是长度为4-8的数字或字母！</message>14         </field-validator>15     </field>16     <!-- 密码验证 -->17     <field name="pwd">18         <field-validator type="requiredstring">19             <param name="trim">true</param>20             <message>密码不能为空!</message>21         </field-validator>22         <field-validator type="regex">23             <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(\w{4,8})]]></param>24             <message>密码必须长度为4-8的数字或字母！</message>25         </field-validator>26     </field>27 28 </validators>

RegisterAction-validation.xml代码如下：

 1 <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"  2     "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd"> 3  4 <validators> 5  6     <!-- 用户名验证 --> 7     <field name="user.name"> 8         <field-validator type="requiredstring"> 9             <param name="trim">true</param>10             <message>用户名不能为空!</message>11         </field-validator>12         <field-validator type="regex">13             <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(\w{4,8})]]></param>14             <message>账号必须是长度为4-8的数字或字母！</message>15         </field-validator>16     </field>17     18     <!-- 密码验证 -->19     <field name="user.pwd">20         <field-validator type="requiredstring">21             <param name="trim">true</param>22             <message>密码不能为空!</message>23         </field-validator>24         <field-validator type="regex">25             <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(\w{4,8})]]></param>26             <message>密码必须长度为4-8的数字或字母！</message>27         </field-validator>28     </field>29     30     <field name="repwd">31         <field-validator type="requiredstring" short-circuit="true">32             <param name="trim">true</param>33             <message>重复密码不能为空!</message>34         </field-validator>35         <field-validator type="fieldexpression">36             <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(repwd==user.pwd)]]></param>37             <message>两次输入的密码要一致!</message>38         </field-validator>39     </field>40     41 </validators>

一切已经ok！！！