Escaping the Time Trap
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Management by Crisis
Causes
Solutions
1. Unaware of importance 没有意识到事情的重要性(没有把最重要的事情摆在首位)
Take time log of crises. Analyze source, causes, seriousness, controllable factors.
2. Failure to anticipate problems and to develop contingency plans(没有去预见问题并预先准备好应急方案)
Expect the unexpected. Ask what can go wrong. (Murphy's Third Law: If anything can go wrong, it will.) List potential problems. Categorize by seriousness and probability, then develop steps to prevent if possible, or to limit consequences if not.
3. Overreaction (treating problems as crises) 反应过于强烈(把出现的问题看得太过严重)
Limit your response by (a) ignoring problems which can be ignored; (b) delegating all those which others can handle; (c) handling only those which you alone can take care of.
4. Fire fighting
Recognize that it is more important to prevent new fires from developing than to spend all your time putting out old ones. Preventive action is preferable to remedial.
5. Procrastination 拖延!
Recognize danger inherent in putting off key actions: leads to deadline pressures and often to impaired judgment under stress.
6. Unrealistic time estimates 不切实际的时间估计(过于乐观?)
Recognize that everything takes longer than you think it will (Murphy's Second Law). Analyze characteristic underestimates, then add appropriate cushion to all critical estimates, at least 20 percent.
7. Mechanical breakdown/ human error 机械故障/意外错误
Anticipate. Organize resources (human and otherwise) for rapid adjustments to compensate most effectively. Back up your computer files and your databases. Install a utilities program to detect and repair computer errors before they cause crises.
8. Reluctance of staff to break bad news
Develop philosophy of mistakes (learning process). Discuss; emphasize that fast reporting of bad news will help prevent crises.
9. Overreaction engendered by VIP request
Find out what really is wanted, by whom, when it really is needed, and how it will be used. Are there any alternatives?
10. Failure to establish controls
Timeline all major projects. Establish checkpoints at intervals to confirm targets are being met.
摘自 《The Time Trap》
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