android--菜单

 

android中菜单分为三种，分别是，options menu 选项菜单，sub menu 子菜单，context menu 上下文菜单。下面分别举例演示这三种菜单：

新建一个android project，

options menu，第一种方法，通过xml定义选项菜单，在res文件夹中新建一个名为menu的文件夹，在其内新建一个options_menu.xml的文件：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >  
3.   
4.     <item  
5.         android:id="@+id/newFile"  
6.         android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"  
7.         android:title="@string/newFile"  
8.         />  
9.     <!-- android:icon 设置菜单选项的图标  
10.     android：title 设置菜单选项的标题 -->  
11.     <item   
12.         android:id="@+id/exit"  
13.         android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"  
14.         android:title="@string/exit"  
15.         />  
16.   
17. </menu>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <item android:id="@+id/newFile" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:title="@string/newFile" /> <!-- android:icon 设置菜单选项的图标android：title 设置菜单选项的标题 --> <item android:id="@+id/exit" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:title="@string/exit" /></menu>
在MenuTestActivity1中：

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1. package cn.sword.activity;  
2.   
3. import android.app.Activity;  
4. import android.os.Bundle;  
5. import android.view.Menu;  
6. import android.view.MenuInflater;  
7. import android.view.MenuItem;  
8. import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;  
9. import android.widget.Toast;  
10.   
11. public class MenuTestActivity1 extends Activity implements OnMenuItemClickListener{  
12.     /** Called when the activity is first created. */  
13.     @Override  
14.     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
15.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
16.         setContentView(R.layout.main);  
17.           
18.     }  
19.   
20.     @Override  
21.     public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {  
22.         MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();  
23.         inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);  
24.         //第一种响应菜单点击事件的方法  
25.         //为每一个菜单选项添加监听事件  
26.         //在覆盖的onMenuItemClick（）方法中判断并触发监听事件  
27.         for(int i=0;i<menu.size();i++){  
28.             menu.getItem(i).setOnMenuItemClickListener((OnMenuItemClickListener) this);  
29.         }  
30.   
31.         return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);  
32.     }  
33.   
34.     /*第二种响应菜单点击事件的方法 覆盖onOptionsItemSelected（）方法  
35.     @Override  
36.     public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {  
37.         switch(item.getItemId()){  
38.             case R.id.newFile:  
39.                 Toast.makeText(this,"new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
40.                 break;  
41.             case R.id.exit:  
42.                 this.finish();//退出程序  
43.                 break;  
44.         }  
45.           
46.         return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);  
47.     }*/  
48.       
49.     public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item){  
50.         switch(item.getItemId()){  
51.         case R.id.newFile:  
52.             Toast.makeText(this, "new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
53.             break;  
54.         case R.id.exit:  
55.             this.finish();  
56.         }  
57.           
58.         return false;  
59.     }  
60.       
61. }  

package cn.sword.activity;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuInflater;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;import android.widget.Toast;public class MenuTestActivity1 extends Activity implements OnMenuItemClickListener{ /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); }@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);//第一种响应菜单点击事件的方法//为每一个菜单选项添加监听事件//在覆盖的onMenuItemClick（）方法中判断并触发监听事件for(int i=0;i<menu.size();i++){menu.getItem(i).setOnMenuItemClickListener((OnMenuItemClickListener) this);}return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);}/*第二种响应菜单点击事件的方法 覆盖onOptionsItemSelected（）方法@Overridepublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {switch(item.getItemId()){case R.id.newFile:Toast.makeText(this,"new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;case R.id.exit:this.finish();//退出程序break;}return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);}*/public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item){switch(item.getItemId()){case R.id.newFile:Toast.makeText(this, "new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;case R.id.exit:this.finish();}return false;} }

在模拟器中点击Menu键效果：

options menu，第二种方法，动态添加删除菜单

在MenuTestActivity2中：

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1. package cn.class3g.activity;  
2.   
3. import android.app.Activity;  
4. import android.os.Bundle;  
5. import android.view.Menu;  
6. import android.view.MenuInflater;  
7. import android.view.MenuItem;  
8. import android.widget.Toast;  
9.   
10. public class MenuTestActivity2 extends Activity {  
11. <span style="white-space:pre">    </span>//定义菜单项  
12.     private static final int SAVE=1;  
13.     private static final int SAVESAVE_AS = SAVE+1;  
14.     private static final int DELETE = SAVE+2;  
15.     //声明一个menu对象  
16.     Menu menu = null;  

package cn.class3g.activity;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuInflater;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.widget.Toast;public class MenuTestActivity2 extends Activity {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>//定义菜单项private static final int SAVE=1;private static final int SAVE_AS = SAVE+1;private static final int DELETE = SAVE+2;//声明一个menu对象Menu menu = null;

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1.     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
2.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
3.         setContentView(R.layout.main);  
4.     }  
5.   
6.     public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {  
7.         MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();  
8.         inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);  
9.           
10.         //向菜单中添加菜单项  
11.         menu.add(1, SAVE, 1, "保存");  
12.         menu.add(1,SAVE_AS, 2, "另存为");  
13.         menu.add(1,DELETE, 3, "删除保存");  
14.         //设置菜单项的图标  
15.         menu.findItem(SAVE).setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);      
16.           
17.         this.menu = menu;  
18.   
19.         return true;  
20.     }  
21.       
22. <span style="white-space:pre">    </span>//动态的修改菜单title   
23.     int i=1;  
24.     public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {  
25.         MenuItem item = menu.findItem(SAVE_AS);  
26.         item.setTitle(item.getTitle() + "" + i);  

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);}public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);//向菜单中添加菜单项menu.add(1, SAVE, 1, "保存");menu.add(1,SAVE_AS, 2, "另存为");menu.add(1,DELETE, 3, "删除保存");//设置菜单项的图标menu.findItem(SAVE).setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);this.menu = menu;return true;}<span style="white-space:pre"></span>//动态的修改菜单titleint i=1;public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {MenuItem item = menu.findItem(SAVE_AS);item.setTitle(item.getTitle() + "" + i);

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1.     i++;  
2.     return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);  
3. }  
4. lt;span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//响应菜单单击事件  
5. public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {  
6.     switch (item.getItemId()) {  
7.     case R.id.newFile:  

i++;return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);}<span style="white-space:pre"></span>//响应菜单单击事件public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {switch (item.getItemId()) {case R.id.newFile:

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1.     Toast.makeText(this, "new file", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//利用Toast弹出文本信息  
2.     break;  
3. case R.id.exit:  
4.     // Toast.makeText(this, "exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
5.     this.finish();//关闭Activity  
6.     break;  
7. case DELETE:<pre name="code" class="html"><span style="white-space:pre">            </span>//menu.removeGroup(1);//删除一组菜单  

Toast.makeText(this, "new file", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//利用Toast弹出文本信息break;case R.id.exit:// Toast.makeText(this, "exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();this.finish();//关闭Activitybreak;case DELETE:<pre name="code" class="html"><span style="white-space:pre"></span>//menu.removeGroup(1);//删除一组菜单 menu.removeItem(SAVE_AS);//删除一个菜单break;}return true;}}

sub menu 子菜单

利用xml定义菜单参考options menu。

动态的添加子菜单：

在MenuTestActivity3中：

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1. package cn.sword.activity;  
2.   
3. import android.app.Activity;  
4. import android.os.Bundle;  
5. import android.view.Menu;  
6. import android.view.MenuInflater;  
7. import android.view.MenuItem;  
8. import android.view.SubMenu;  
9. import android.widget.Toast;  
10.   
11. public class MenuTestActivity3 extends Activity {  
12. <span style="white-space:pre">    </span>//定义菜单项  
13.     private static final int SUBMENU = 10;  
14.     private static final int SUBITEM1 = SUBMENU+1;  
15.     private static final int SUBITEM2 = SUBMENU+2;  
16.     private static final int SUBITEM3 = SUBMENU+3;  
17.       
18.     @Override  
19.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
20.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
21.         this.setContentView(R.layout.main);  
22.     }  
23.       
24.     public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){  
25.         MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();  
26.         inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu);  
27.         //添加子菜单  
28.         SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(1,SUBMENU,1,"子菜单");  
29.         subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM1,1,"subitem1");  
30.         subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM2,2,"subitem2");  
31.         subMenu.add(30,SUBITEM3,3,"subitem3");  
32.           
33.         subMenu.setGroupCheckable(20, true, false);  
34.         //第二个参数是否可选  
35.         //当第三个参数为true时为这组菜单为互斥（单选）菜单  
36.         //当第三个参数为false时为组菜单为复选菜单  
37.           
38.         MenuItem item = subMenu.getItem(0);  
39.         //item.setCheckable(false);//设置该项菜单为单选或复选  
40.         item.setChecked(true);//设置菜单的默认选项  
41.   
42.         //subMenu.getItem(0).setCheckable(true);  
43.           
44.         return true;  
45.     }  
46.       
47.     @Override  
48.     public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {  
49.         switch(item.getItemId()){  
50.             case R.id.menuitem1:  
51.                 Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
52.                 break;  
53.             case R.id.menuitem2:  
54.                 Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
55.                 break;  
56.             case R.id.subitem1:  
57.                 Toast.makeText(this,"subitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
58.                 break;  
59.             case R.id.subitem2:  
60.                 Toast.makeText(this,"subitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
61.                 break;  
62.             case SUBITEM1:  
63.                 Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
64.                 break;  
65.             case SUBITEM2:  
66.                 Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
67.                 //this.finish();//退出程序  
68.                 break;  
69.         }  
70.           
71.         return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);  
72.     }  
73. }  

package cn.sword.activity;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuInflater;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.SubMenu;import android.widget.Toast;public class MenuTestActivity3 extends Activity {<span style="white-space:pre"></span>//定义菜单项private static final int SUBMENU = 10;private static final int SUBITEM1 = SUBMENU+1;private static final int SUBITEM2 = SUBMENU+2;private static final int SUBITEM3 = SUBMENU+3;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);this.setContentView(R.layout.main);}public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu);//添加子菜单SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(1,SUBMENU,1,"子菜单");subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM1,1,"subitem1");subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM2,2,"subitem2");subMenu.add(30,SUBITEM3,3,"subitem3");subMenu.setGroupCheckable(20, true, false);//第二个参数是否可选//当第三个参数为true时为这组菜单为互斥（单选）菜单//当第三个参数为false时为组菜单为复选菜单MenuItem item = subMenu.getItem(0);//item.setCheckable(false);//设置该项菜单为单选或复选item.setChecked(true);//设置菜单的默认选项//subMenu.getItem(0).setCheckable(true);return true;}@Overridepublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {switch(item.getItemId()){case R.id.menuitem1:Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;case R.id.menuitem2:Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;case R.id.subitem1:Toast.makeText(this,"subitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;case R.id.subitem2:Toast.makeText(this,"subitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;case SUBITEM1:Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;case SUBITEM2:Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//this.finish();//退出程序break;}return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);}}
在模拟器中点击Menu键：

单击子菜单：

context menu 上下文菜单：context menu需要绑定在TextView上并在其上按2s后显示。

在MenuTestActivity4中：

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1. package cn.sword.activity;  
2.   
3. import android.app.Activity;  
4. import android.os.Bundle;  
5. import android.view.ContextMenu;  
6. import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;  
7. import android.view.MenuInflater;  
8. import android.view.MenuItem;  
9. import android.view.View;  
10. import android.widget.TextView;  
11. import android.widget.Toast;  
12.   
13. public class MenuTestActivity4 extends Activity {  
14.     @Override  
15.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
16.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
17.         this.setContentView(R.layout.main);  
18.         //将上下文菜单绑定到TextView上  
19.         TextView tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView);  
20.         this.registerForContextMenu(tv);  
21.     }  
22.   
23.     @Override  
24.     public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {  
25.         switch(item.getItemId()){  
26.             case R.id.subitem1:  
27.                 Toast.makeText(this, "subitem1",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
28.                 break;  
29.             case R.id.subitem2:  
30.                 Toast.makeText(this, "subitem2",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();  
31.                 break;  
32.         }  
33.         return super.onContextItemSelected(item);  
34.     }  
35.   
36.     //每次上下文菜单显示都会调用  
37.     public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,  
38.             ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {  
39.           
40.         MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();  
41.         inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu);  
42.         super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);  
43.     }  
44. }  

package cn.sword.activity;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.ContextMenu;import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;import android.view.MenuInflater;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;public class MenuTestActivity4 extends Activity {@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);this.setContentView(R.layout.main);//将上下文菜单绑定到TextView上TextView tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView);this.registerForContextMenu(tv);}@Overridepublic boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {switch(item.getItemId()){case R.id.subitem1:Toast.makeText(this, "subitem1",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;case R.id.subitem2:Toast.makeText(this, "subitem2",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();break;}return super.onContextItemSelected(item);}//每次上下文菜单显示都会调用public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu);super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);}}
运行模拟器，点击文本内容2s后：