WCF三种实例激活的类型——实践理解三种类型的区别

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       从一开始接触WCF就知道这三种实例激活的类型:单调服务(PerCall)、会话服务(Sessionful)、单例服务(Singleton),但也仅仅是“知道”、“听过”而已,每次也都是看到大段的文字描述这三种类型,而每次也都是看得晕晕乎乎,其实一般看这些东西都是睡觉,只能用实践来解释理论了,不多说了,直接实践吧,O(∩_∩)O~:

      服务端代码:

    [ServiceContract(Name = "GigManagerServiceContract", Namespace = "http://www.thatindigogirl.com/samples/2006/06")]    public interface IGigManagerService    {        [OperationContract(IsOneWay=true)]        void SaveGig(int x);        [OperationContract]        double GetGig();    }   [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]    public class GigManagerService : IGigManagerService    {        private double _result;        #region IGigManager Members        public void SaveGig(int x)        {            Console.WriteLine("The Add method is invoked and the current session ID is: {0}", OperationContext.Current.SessionId);            this._result += x;        }        public double GetGig()        {            return this._result;        }        #endregion        public GigManagerService()        {            Console.WriteLine("Calculator object has been created");                    }        ~GigManagerService()        {            Console.WriteLine("Calculator object has been destoried");        }    }

宿主代码:

        static void Main(string[] args)        {            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(GigManager.GigManagerService)))            {                host.Opened += delegate                {                    Console.WriteLine("The Calculator service has begun to listen");                };                host.Open();                Timer timer = new Timer(delegate { GC.Collect(); }, null, 0, 100);                Console.Read();            }        }


客户端代码:

        static void Main(string[] args)        {            GigManagerServiceContractClient client1 = new GigManagerServiceContractClient();            Console.WriteLine("Invocate client1.saveGig(1)");            client1.SaveGig(1);            Console.WriteLine("Invocate client1.saveGig(2)");            client1.SaveGig(2);            Console.WriteLine("The Result return via client1.GetGig() is :{0}", client1.GetGig());            GigManagerServiceContractClient client2 = new GigManagerServiceContractClient();            Console.WriteLine("Invocate client2.saveGig(1)");            client2.SaveGig(1);            Console.WriteLine("Invocate client2.saveGig(2)");            client2.SaveGig(2);            Console.WriteLine("The Result return via client2.GetGig() is :{0}", client2.GetGig());            Console.ReadLine();        }


在服务端代码中[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]的InstanceContextMode设置的就是实例激活的类型,

如下图为InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerCall的执行结果:

1)“Calculator object has been created“出现6次,说明每次服务端发出请求,就会获得一个新建的专门的服务实例,这样也可以证明输出结果为0

如下图为InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerSession的执行结果:

1)当客户端为该服务创建一个新的代理时,会获得一个新建的专有的服务实例,它与相同服务的所有其他实例无关,该实例将一直保留在服务中直到客户端不再需要它,因此在下图中”Calculator object has been created“只会出现2次,而两次的输出结果是3

如下图为InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single的执行结果:

1)单例服务是一种极端的共享式服务,所有客户端都将独自连接相同的单个知名实例,而不考虑它们连接的是服务的哪一个终结点,单例服务的生存期是无限的,只有在关闭宿主时才会被释放,创建宿主时,单例服务会被创建,且只能被创建一次,因此下图中“Calculator object has been created”只出现一次,而输出的结果分别为3和6