NSNumber+ (NSNumber *)numberWithInt:(int)value;+ (NSNumber *)numberWithDouble:(double)value;- (int)intValue;- (double)doubleValue;//NSNumber可以将基本数据类型包装起来，形成一个对象，这样就可以给其发送消息，装入NSArray中等等。NSNumber * intNumber=[NSNumber numberWithInt：100]；NSNumber *floatNumber=[NSNUmber numberWithFloat:100.00];int i=[intNumber intValue]；if([intNumber isEqualToNumber:floatNumber]) ....//NSNumber继承NSObject ，可以使用比较 compare： isEqual等消息NSString//一个NSString对象可以存储一段Unicode字符。在cocoa中，所有和字符、字符串相关的处理都是使用NSString来完成。NSObject -> NSString // NSString继承自NSObject+(id) stringWithContentsOfFile:path encoding:enc error:err;+(id) stringWithContentsOfURL:url encoding:enc error:err;+(id) stringWithString:nsstring; //创建一个新的字符串，并将其设置为nsstring-(id)initWithFormat:(NSString *)format, ... ;-(id)initWithString:nsstring; //将分配的字符串设置为nsstring- (BOOL)isEqualToString:(NSString *)string;- (BOOL)hasPrefix:(NSString *)string;- (int)intValue;- (double)doubleValue;- (NSString *)stringByAppendingString:(NSString *)string; // 给一个字符串附加一个字符串string。- (NSString *)stringByAppendingFormat:(NSString *)string;- (NSString *)stringByDeletingPathComponent; //-----创建字符串的方法-----//1、创建常量字符串 NSString *astring = @"This is a String!"; //2、先创建一个空的字符串，然后赋值；// alloc和init组合则适合在函数之间传递参数，用完之后需要手工release NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init]; astring = @"This is a String!"; NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring); [astring release];//3、在以上方法中，提升速度:initWithString方法 NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"]; NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring); [astring release];//4、创建临时字符串 NSString *astring; astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"]; NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);// OR NSString * scriptString = [NSString stringWithString:@" tell application \"Mail\"\r"];//5、创建格式化字符串:占位符（由一个%加一个字符组成） int i = 1; int j = 2; NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]]; NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring); [astring release];//-----从文件读取字符串----- NSString *path = @"astring.text"; NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path]; NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring); [astring release];//-----写字符串到文件---- NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"]; NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring); NSString *path = @"astring.text"; [astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES]; [astring release]; //-----比较两个字符串-----//1、用C比较:strcmp函数 char string1[] = "string!"; char string2[] = "string!"; if(strcmp(string1, string2) = = 0) { NSLog(@"1"); } //2、isEqualToString方法 NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!"; NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!"; BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02]; NSLog(@"result:%d",result);//3、compare方法(comparer返回的三种值：NSOrderedSame，NSOrderedAscending，NSOrderedDescending) NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!"; NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!"; BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame; //NSOrderedSame// 判断两者内容是否相同 NSLog(@"result:%d",result); NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!"; NSString *astring02 = @"this is a String!"; BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedAscending; NSLog(@"result:%d",result); //NSOrderedAscending// 判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02大于astring01为真) NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!"; NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!"; BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedDescending; NSLog(@"result:%d",result); //NSOrderedDescending 判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真) //4、不考虑大小写比较字符串1 NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!"; NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!"; BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame; NSLog(@"result:%d",result); //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)//5、不考虑大小写比较字符串2 NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!"; NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!"; BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02 options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] = = NSOrderedSame; NSLog(@"result:%d",result); //NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较，区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数，而不是字符值。//-----改变字符串的大小写----- NSString *string1 = @"A String"; NSString *string2 = @"String"; NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//uppercaseString返回转换为大写的字符串 NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//lowercaseString返回转换为小写的字符串 NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//capitalizedString返回每个单词首字母大写的字符串//-----在串中搜索子串 ----- NSString *string1 = @"This is a string"; NSString *string2 = @"string"; NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2]; int location = range.location; int leight = range.length; NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]]; NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring); [astring release];//-----抽取子串 ----- //1、-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符 NSString *string1 = @"This is a string"; NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3]; NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);//2、-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符 NSString *string1 = @"This is a string"; NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3]; NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);//3、-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串 NSString *string1 = @"This is a string"; NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)]; NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);//4、快速枚举 for(NSString *filename in direnum) { if([[filename pathExtension] isEqualToString:@"jpg"]){ [files addObject:filename]; } } NSLog(@"files:%@",files); //5、枚举 NSEnumerator *filenum; filenum = [files objectEnumerator]; while (filename = [filenum nextObject]) { NSLog(@"filename:%@",filename); }@"b",@"a",@"e",@"d",@"c",@"f",@"h",@"g",nil]; NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray); NSEnumerator *enumerator; enumerator = [oldArray objectEnumerator]; id obj; while(obj = [enumerator nextObject]) { [newArray addObject: obj]; } [newArray sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)]; NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray); [newArray release]; //-----切分数组-----//1、从字符串分割到数组－ componentsSeparatedByString: NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"One,Two,Three,Four"]; NSLog(@"string:%@",string); NSArray *array = [string componentsSeparatedByString:@","]; NSLog(@"array:%@",array); [string release];//2、从数组合并元素到字符串- componentsJoinedByString: NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil]; NSString *string = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","]; NSLog(@"string:%@",string);//-----从目录搜索扩展名为jpg的文件-----//NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; NSString *home; home = @"../Users/"; NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum; direnum = [fileManager enumeratorAtPath: home]; NSMutableArray *files = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];//枚举 NSString *filename; while (filename = [direnum nextObject]) { if([[filename pathExtension] hasSuffix:@"jpg"]){ [files addObject:filename]; } }//扩展路径 NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt"; NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath]; NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath); NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);//文件扩展名 NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt"; NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);//-----查找与替换------ (NSString *)stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range withString:(NSString *)replacement- (NSString *)stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:(NSString *)target withString:(NSString *)replacement//NSMutableString(可修改的字符串)NSObject -> NSString -> NSMutableString Common NSMutableString methods+ (id)string;- (void)appendString:(NSString *)string;- (void)appendFormat:(NSString *)format, ...;//-----给字符串分配容量----- //stringWithCapacity: NSMutableString *String; String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40]; //-----在已有字符串后面添加字符----- //appendString: and appendFormat: NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"]; //[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"]; [String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]]; NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);//----- 在已有字符串中按照所给出范围删除字符---- //deleteCharactersInRange: NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"]; [String1 deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 5)]; // 删除指定范围（location=0，length=5）的字符串 NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);//----在已有字符串后面在所指定的位置中插入给出的字符串----- //-insertString: atIndex: NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"]; [String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0]; NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1); [String1 insertString:@"and StringEnd", atIndex:[String1 length]]; // 在可变字符串的最后插入//----将已有的空符串换成其它的字符串----- //-setString: NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"]; [String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"]; NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);//----查找----- NSRange subRange = [String1 rangeOfString:@"is a"]; // 如果没查找到，则 （subRange.location == NSNotFound）为真。//----按照所给出的范围替换的原有的字符----- //-setString: NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"]; [String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"]; // 用于NSMutableString NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);//----在给定的范围内查找并替换------ (NSUInteger)replaceOccurrencesOfString:(NSString *)target withString:(NSString *)replacement options:(NSStringCompareOptions)opts range:(NSRange)searchRange//----判断字符串内是否还包含别的字符串(前缀，后缀)-----//01： 检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头- (BOOL) hasPrefix: (NSString *) aString; NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt"; [String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ? NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO"); [String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ? NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");//02： 查找字符串某处是否包含给定的字符串 - (NSRange) rangeOfString: (NSString *) aString，这一点前面在串中搜索子串用到过NSRange subRange;subRange = [string1 rangeOfString:@"string A"]; //查找字符串string1中是否包含“string A”。返回NSRange类型。if(subRange.location == NSNotFound) NSLog(@"String not found ");else NSLog(@"string is at index %lu, length is %lu", subRange.location, subRange.length);//NSDate//NSCalendarDate//NSCalendarDate对象包含了日期和时间、时区以及一个带有格式的字符串，它从NSDate继承而来。//NSCalendarDate对象是immutable的，一旦被创建，无法修改其中的时间和日期，当然可以修改那个带格式的字符串和时区。//以下是常用方法：+(id)calendarDate; //创建当前日期和时间以及默认格式的NSCalendarDate对象，时区为机器设置好的时区。+(id)dateWithYear:(int)year month:(unsigned)month day:(unsigned)day hour:(unsigned)hour minute:(unsigned)minute second:(unsigned)second timeZone:(NSTimeZone *)aTimeZone -(int)dayOfCommonEra; //得到从公元1年算起，有多少天-(int)dayOfMonth; //返回是月的第几天（1-31）-(int)dayOfWeek; //返回是周的第几天 （0-6）-(int)dayOfYear; //返回是年的第几天（1-366）-(int)hourOfDay; // 返回是日的第几个小时（0-23）-(void)setCalendarFormate:(NSString *)format //--------创建NSCalendarDate对象--------NSCalendarDate *now;now = [NSCalendarDate calendarDate];NSTimeZone *pacific = [NSTimeZone timeZoneWithName:@"PST"];NSCalendarDate *hotTime = [NSCalendarDate dateWithYear:2011 month:2 day:3 hour:14 minute:0 second:0 timeZone:pacific];//NSData//使用文件时，需要频繁地将数据读入一个临时存储区，它通常成为缓冲区。//NSData类提供了一种简单的方式，它用来设置缓冲区、将文件的内容读入缓冲区，或将缓冲区的内容写到一个文件。//对于32位应用程序，NSDATA缓存区最多可以存储2GB的数据。//我们既可定义不变缓冲区（NSData类），也可定义可变的缓冲区（NSMutableData类）。//下面代码展示了如何将文件的内容读入内存缓冲区，然后再将缓冲区的内容写入到另一个文件中。NSData *fileData;NSFileManager *fileManager = [[NSFileManager alloc]init];fileData = [fileManager contentsAtPath:path]; [fileManager createFileAtPath:path2 contents:fileData attributes:nil]; //采用默认的属性值//类型转换 NSData -> NSString：NSString *strData = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:fileData encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];//类型转换 NSString -> NSDat
