Android Monkey test

Android Monkey Test

有关Monkey的官方说明：http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/monkey.html

UI/Application Exerciser Monkey

The Monkey is a program that runs on your emulator or device and generates pseudo-random streams of user events such as clicks, touches, or gestures, as well as a number of system-level events. You can use the Monkey to stress-test applications that you are developing, in a random yet repeatable manner.

Overview

The Monkey is a command-line tool that that you can run on any emulator instance or on a device. It sends a pseudo-random stream of user events into the system, which acts as a stress test on the application software you are developing.

The Monkey includes a number of options, but they break down into four primary categories:

• Basic configuration options, such as setting the number of events to attempt.
• Operational constraints, such as restricting the test to a single package.
• Event types and frequencies.
• Debugging options.

When the Monkey runs, it generates events and sends them to the system. It also watches the system under test and looks for three conditions, which it treats specially:

• If you have constrained the Monkey to run in one or more specific packages, it watches for attempts to navigate to any other packages, and blocks them.
• If your application crashes or receives any sort of unhandled exception, the Monkey will stop and report the error.
• If your application generates an application not responding error, the Monkey will stop and report the error.

Depending on the verbosity level you have selected, you will also see reports on the progress of the Monkey and the events being generated.

Basic Use of the Monkey

You can launch the Monkey using a command line on your development machine or from a script. Because the Monkey runs in the emulator/device environment, you must launch it from a shell in that environment. You can do this by prefacing adb shell to each command, or by entering the shell and entering Monkey commands directly.

The basic syntax is:

$ adb shell monkey [options] <event-count>

With no options specified, the Monkey will launch in a quiet (non-verbose) mode, and will send events to any (and all) packages installed on your target. Here is a more typical command line, which will launch your application and send 500 pseudo-random events to it:

$ adb shell monkey -p your.package.name -v 500

Command Options Reference

The table below lists all options you can include on the Monkey command line.

CategoryOptionDescriptionGeneral--helpPrints a simple usage guide.-vEach -v on the command line will increment the verbosity level. Level 0 (the default) provides little information beyond startup notification, test completion, and final results. Level 1 provides more details about the test as it runs, such as individual events being sent to your activities. Level 2 provides more detailed setup information such as activities selected or not selected for testing.Events-s <seed>Seed value for pseudo-random number generator. If you re-run the Monkey with the same seed value, it will generate the same sequence of events.--throttle <milliseconds>Inserts a fixed delay between events. You can use this option to slow down the Monkey. If not specified, there is no delay and the events are generated as rapidly as possible.--pct-touch <percent>Adjust percentage of touch events. (Touch events are a down-up event in a single place on the screen.)--pct-motion <percent>Adjust percentage of motion events. (Motion events consist of a down event somewhere on the screen, a series of pseudo-random movements, and an up event.)--pct-trackball <percent>Adjust percentage of trackball events. (Trackball events consist of one or more random movements, sometimes followed by a click.)--pct-nav <percent>Adjust percentage of "basic" navigation events. (Navigation events consist of up/down/left/right, as input from a directional input device.)--pct-majornav <percent>Adjust percentage of "major" navigation events. (These are navigation events that will typically cause actions within your UI, such as the center button in a 5-way pad, the back key, or the menu key.)--pct-syskeys <percent>Adjust percentage of "system" key events. (These are keys that are generally reserved for use by the system, such as Home, Back, Start Call, End Call, or Volume controls.)--pct-appswitch <percent>Adjust percentage of activity launches. At random intervals, the Monkey will issue a startActivity() call, as a way of maximizing coverage of all activities within your package.--pct-anyevent <percent>Adjust percentage of other types of events. This is a catch-all for all other types of events such as keypresses, other less-used buttons on the device, and so forth.Constraints-p <allowed-package-name>If you specify one or more packages this way, the Monkey will only allow the system to visit activities within those packages. If your application requires access to activities in other packages (e.g. to select a contact) you'll need to specify those packages as well. If you don't specify any packages, the Monkey will allow the system to launch activities in all packages. To specify multiple packages, use the -p option multiple times — one -p option per package.-c <main-category>If you specify one or more categories this way, the Monkey will only allow the system to visit activities that are listed with one of the specified categories. If you don't specify any categories, the Monkey will select activities listed with the category Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER or Intent.CATEGORY_MONKEY. To specify multiple categories, use the -c option multiple times — one -c option per category.Debugging--dbg-no-eventsWhen specified, the Monkey will perform the initial launch into a test activity, but will not generate any further events. For best results, combine with -v, one or more package constraints, and a non-zero throttle to keep the Monkey running for 30 seconds or more. This provides an environment in which you can monitor package transitions invoked by your application.--hprofIf set, this option will generate profiling reports immediately before and after the Monkey event sequence. This will generate large (~5Mb) files in data/misc, so use with care. SeeTraceview for more information on trace files.--ignore-crashesNormally, the Monkey will stop when the application crashes or experiences any type of unhandled exception. If you specify this option, the Monkey will continue to send events to the system, until the count is completed.--ignore-timeoutsNormally, the Monkey will stop when the application experiences any type of timeout error such as a "Application Not Responding" dialog. If you specify this option, the Monkey will continue to send events to the system, until the count is completed.--ignore-security-exceptionsNormally, the Monkey will stop when the application experiences any type of permissions error, for example if it attempts to launch an activity that requires certain permissions. If you specify this option, the Monkey will continue to send events to the system, until the count is completed.--kill-process-after-errorNormally, when the Monkey stops due to an error, the application that failed will be left running. When this option is set, it will signal the system to stop the process in which the error occurred. Note, under a normal (successful) completion, the launched process(es) are not stopped, and the device is simply left in the last state after the final event.--monitor-native-crashesWatches for and reports crashes occurring in the Android system native code. If --kill-process-after-error is set, the system will stop.--wait-dbgStops the Monkey from executing until a debugger is attached to it.

中文意翻译：

Monkey测试是Android自动化测试的一种手段，Monkey测试本身非常简单，就是模拟用户的按键输入，触摸屏输入，手势输入等，看设备多长时间会出异常。
当Monkey程序在模拟器或设备运行的时候，如果用户出发了比如点击，触摸，手势或一些系统级别的事件的时候，它就会产生随机脉冲，所以可以用Monkey用随机重复的方法去负荷测试你开发的软件.
最简单的方法就是用用下面的命令来使用Monkey，这个命令将会启动你的软件并且触发500个事件.
$ adb shell monkey -v -p your.package.name 500
更多的关于命令Monkey的命令的信息，可以查看UI/Application 
Exerciser Monkey documentation page.
com.android.stk
com.android.htmlviewer
com.android.globalsearch
com.android.gpstest
com.android.googlesearch
wnc.w88.engineermode
com.android.calculator2
com.android.inputmethod.latin
com.svox.pico
com.android.soundrecorder
com.android.packageinstaller
android.tts
com.android.spare_parts
com.android.globaltime
com.android.sdksetup
com.quicinc.bluetooth
com.android.email
com.qualcomm.qx.neocore
com.android.development
com.android.term
com.android.server.vpn
com.android.contacts
com.android.camera
wnc.w88.factorymode
com.android.providers.applicati
com.android.providers.settings
com.android.voicedialer
com.android.phone
com.android.providers.contacts
com.android.launcher
com.android.mms
com.android.providers.telephony
com.android.providers.userdicti
com.android.providers.media
com.android.providers.calendar
com.android.calendar
com.android.providers.drm
com.android.providers.downloads
com.android.alarmclock
com.android.settings
com.android.qualcomm
com.android.browser
com.android.music
Monkey是一个命令行工具，可以运行在模拟器里或实际设备中。它向系统发送伪随机的用户事件流，实现对正在开发的应用程序进行压力测试。Monkey包括许多选项，它们大致分为四大类：
? 基本配置选项，如设置尝试的事件数量。
? 运行约束选项，如设置只对单独的一个包进行测试。
? 事件类型和频率。
? 调试选项。
在Monkey运行的时候，它生成事件，并把它们发给系统。同时，Monkey还对测试中的系统进行监测，对下列三种情况进行特殊处理：
? 如果限定了Monkey运行在一个或几个特定的包上，那么它会监测试图转到其它包的操作，并对其进行阻止。
? 如果应用程序崩溃或接收到任何失控异常，Monkey将停止并报错。
? 如果应用程序产生了应用程序不响应(application not responding)的错误，Monkey将会停止并报错。
按照选定的不同级别的反馈信息，在Monkey中还可以看到其执行过程报告和生成的事件。 
Monkey基本用法 ：
可以通过开发机器上的命令行或脚本来启动Monkey。由于Monkey运行在模拟器/设备环境中，所以必须用其环境中的shell来进行启动。可以通过在每条命令前加上adb shell来达到目的，也可以进入Shell后直接输入Monkey命令。基本语法如下：
$ adb shell monkey [options] 
如果不指定options，Monkey将以无反馈模式启动，并把事件任意发送到安装在目标环境中的全部包。下面是一个更为典型的命令行示例，它启动指定的应用程序，并向其发送500个伪随机事件：
$ adb shell monkey -p your.package.name -v 500 
命令选项参考：
下表中列出了Monkey命令行可用的全部选项。
类别 
选项 
说明 

常规 
--help 
列出简单的用法。 

-v 
命令行的每一个 -v 将增加反馈信息的级别。 Level 0( 缺省值 ) 除启动提示、测试完成和最终结果之外，提供较少信息。 Level 1 提供较为详细的测试信息，如逐个发送到 ActivITy 的事件。 Level 2 提供更加详细的设置信息，如测试中被选中的或未被选中的 Activity 。 

事件 

-s <seed> 
伪随机数生成器的 seed 值。如果用相同的 seed 值再次运行 Monkey ，它将生成相同的事件序列。 

--throttle <milliseconds> 
在事件之间插入固定延迟。通过这个选项可以减缓 Monkey 的执行速度。如果不指定该选项， Monkey 将不会被延迟，事件将尽可能快地被产成。
--pct-touch <percent>
调整触摸事件的百分比(触摸事件是一个down-up事件，它发生在屏幕上的某单一位置)。
--pct-motion <percent>
调整动作事件的百分比(动作事件由屏幕上某处的一个down事件、一系列的伪随机事件和一个up事件组成)。
--pct-trackball <percent>
调整轨迹事件的百分比(轨迹事件由一个或几个随机的移动组成，有时还伴随有点击)。
--pct-nav <percent>
调整“基本”导航事件的百分比(导航事件由来自方向输入设备的up/down/left/right组成)。
--pct-majornav <percent>
调整“主要”导航事件的百分比(这些导航事件通常引发图形界面中的动作，如：5-way键盘的中间按键、回退按键、菜单按键)
--pct-syskeys <percent>
调整“系统”按键事件的百分比(这些按键通常被保留，由系统使用，如Home、Back、Start Call、End Call及音量控制键)。
--pct-appswitch <percent>
调整启动Activity的百分比。在随机间隔里，Monkey将执行一个startActivity()调用，作为最大程度覆盖包中全部Activity的一种方法。
--pct-anyevent <percent>
调整其它类型事件的百分比。它包罗了所有其它类型的事件，如：按键、其它不常用的设备按钮、等等。

约束限制
-p <allowed-package-name>
如果用此参数指定了一个或几个包，Monkey将只允许系统启动这些包里的Activity。如果你的应用程序还需要访问其它包里的Activity(如选择取一个联系人)，那些包也需要在此同时指定。如果不指定任何包，Monkey将允许系统启动全部包里的Activity。要指定多个包，需要使用多个 -p选项，每个-p选项只能用于一个包。
-c <main-category>
如果用此参数指定了一个或几个类别，Monkey将只允许系统启动被这些类别中的某个类别列出的Activity。如果不指定任何类别，Monkey将选择下列类别中列出的Activity： Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER或Intent.CATEGORY_MONKEY。要指定多个类别，需要使用多个-c选项，每个-c选 项只能用于一个类别。
调试
--dbg-no-events
设置此选项，Monkey将执行初始启动，进入到一个测试Activity，然后不会再进一步生成事件。为了得到最佳结果，把它与-v、一个或几个包约束、以及一个保持Monkey运行30秒或更长时间的非零值联合起来，从而提供一个环境，可以监视应用程序所调用的包之间的转换。
--hprof
设置此选项，将在Monkey事件序列之前和之后立即生成profiling报告。这将会在data/misc中生成大文件(~5Mb)，所以要小心使用它。
--ignore-crashes
通常，当应用程序崩溃或发生任何失控异常时，Monkey将停止运行。如果设置此选项，Monkey将继续向系统发送事件，直到计数完成。
--ignore-timeouts
通常，当应用程序发生任何超时错误(如“Application Not Responding”对话框)时，Monkey将停止运行。如果设置此选项，Monkey将继续向系统发送事件，直到计数完成。
--ignore-security-exceptions
通常，当应用程序发生许可错误(如启动一个需要某些许可的Activity)时，Monkey将停止运行。如果设置了此选项，Monkey将继续向系统发送事件，直到计数完成。
--kill-process-after-error
通常，当Monkey由于一个错误而停止时，出错的应用程序将继续处于运行状态。当设置了此选项时，将会通知系统停止发生错误的进程。注意，正常的(成功的)结束，并没有停止启动的进程，设备只是在结束事件之后，简单地保持在最后的状态。
--monitor-native-crashes
监视并报告Android系统中本地代码的崩溃事件。如果设置了--kill-process-after-error，系统将停止运行。
--wait-dbg
停止执行中的Monkey，直到有调试器和它相连接。
monkey [-p ALLOWED_PACKAGE [-p ALLOWED_PACKAGE] ...]
[-c MAIN_CATEGORY [-c MAIN_CATEGORY] ...]
[--ignore-crashes] [--ignore-timeouts]
[--ignore-security-exceptions] [--monitor-native-crashes]
[--kill-process-after-error] [--hprof]
[--pct-touch PERCENT] [--pct-motion PERCENT]
[--pct-trackball PERCENT] [--pct-syskeys PERCENT]
[--pct-nav PERCENT] [--pct-majornav PERCENT]
[--pct-appswitch PERCENT] [--pct-flip PERCENT]
[--pct-anyevent PERCENT]
[--wait-dbg] [--dbg-no-events] [-f scriptfile]
[--port port]
[-s SEED] [-v [-v] ...] [--throttle MILLISEC]
COUNT
讲了这么多，好像很枯燥，很难懂，即使看完了选项也不知道如何使用。
首先我们应该明白我们不可能使用monkey来制定做一样测试，重复做很多次，因为monkey是伪随机的，就是说虽然有一定规律可循，但是并不是我们就可以指定动作，但是我们可以通过添加命令选项来将操作限制在一定的范围内。
monkey -v -p com.android.camera --throttle 5000 --pct-anyevent 100 500
这条命令的解释是：
-v显示默认程度的信息；
-p com.android.camera是指定测试的程序，// Allowing start of Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] cmp=com.android.camera/.Camera } in package com.android.camera这是开始测试的camera的内容；
--throttle 5000 设定延时；
--pct-anyevent 100设定启动activity的百分比为100%。如果没有指定，我们可以看到在开始执行的时候8个事件（上面的选项中有介绍）的百分比如下：
# monkey -v -p com.android.camera --throttle 5000 500
monkey -v -p com.android.camera --throttle 5000 500
:Monkey: seed=0 count=500
:AllowPackage: com.android.camera
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.LAUNCHER
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.MONKEY
// Event percentages:
// 0: 15.0%
// 1: 10.0%
// 2: 15.0%
// 3: 25.0%
// 4: 15.0%
// 5: 2.0%
// 6: 2.0%
// 7: 1.0%
// 8: 15.0%
指定事件之后
# monkey -v -p com.android.camera --throttle 5000 --pct-anyevent 100 500
monkey -v -p com.android.camera --throttle 5000 --pct-anyevent 100 500
:Monkey: seed=0 count=500
:AllowPackage: com.android.camera
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.LAUNCHER
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.MONKEY
// Event percentages:
// 0: 0.0%
// 1: 0.0%
// 2: 0.0%
// 3: 0.0%
// 4: 0.0%
// 5: 0.0%
// 6: 0.0%
// 7: 0.0%
// 8: 100.0%
最后count就是事件数设定为500

接下来看一个实例
Monkey的用法是$ adb shell monkey -p your.package.name -v 500 ，首先，我们要找到应用程序在Emulator中所对应的包名，我一开始是一个个目录找得，前7步完成了这项工作，最终发现应用程序包都在data/data下，你可以在shell中cd data/data，然后ls查看当前Emulator中的所有应用程序包。
假如我们想对SDK中的APIDemos做压力测试，
1.在Eclipse中新建工程，将: /android-sdk-windows/ platforms/android-2.0/samples/ ApiDemos添加到工程中点击运行，此时，他的APK应该加载到了Emulator上
2.在命令行输入adb shell
3.输入ls查看当前文件夹下的目录，执行结果如下
C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator>adb shell
# ls
ls
sqlite_stmt_journals
config
cache
sdcard
d
etc
system
sys
sbin
proc
init.rc
init.goldfish.rc
init
default.prop
data
root
dev
4.应用程序包都在data下，我们输入cd data进入data文件夹，如下
# cd data
cd data
5.输入ls查看文件夹下的内容，如下所示：
# ls
ls
misc
local
data
app-private
app
property
anr
backup
dontpanic
dalvik-cache
system
lost+found
6.还有个data，所有的应用程序就在这个data下了，进入这个data，然后输入ls如下：
# cd data
cd data
# ls
ls
com.android.mms
com.android.providers.applications
com.android.globalsearch
com.android.calculator2
com.android.spare_parts
com.android.gesture.builder
com.android.music
com.android.sdksetup
com.android.packageinstaller
com.android.fallback
com.android.providers.settings
com.android.providers.drm
com.android.development
com.android.providers.telephony
com.android.inputmethod.pinyin
com.android.htmlviewer
com.android.settings
com.android.netspeed
com.android.providers.userdictionary
com.android.browser
com.android.contacts
com.android.alarmclock
com.android.camera
com.android.providers.contacts
jp.co.omronsoft.openwnn
com.android.launcher
com.android.phone
com.android.soundrecorder
com.google.android.providers.enhancedgooglesearch
com.svox.pico
com.android.customlocale
com.android.term
com.android.providers.downloads
com.android.providers.media
com.android.email
android.tts
com.android.inputmethod.latin
com.android.server.vpn
com.example.android.apis
7.最后一个就是我们刚才加载的APIDemo的应用程序包
8.可以直接输入monkey -p com.example.android.apis -v 50，结果如下，也可以退出shell，在命令行输入，adb shell monkey -p com.example.android.apis -v 500 ，运行过程中，Emulator中的应用程序在不断地切换画面，可以看一下，呵呵：） 
# monkey -p com.example.android.apis -v 50
monkey -p com.example.android.apis -v 50
:Monkey: seed=0 count=50
:AllowPackage: com.example.android.apis
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.LAUNCHER
:IncludeCategory: android.intent.category.MONKEY
// Event percentages:
// 0: 15.0%
// 1: 10.0%
// 2: 15.0%
// 3: 25.0%
// 4: 15.0%
// 5: 2.0%
// 6: 2.0%
// 7: 1.0%
// 8: 15.0%
:Switch: #Intent;action=android.intent.action.MAIN;category=android.intent.categ
ory.LAUNCHER;launchFlags=0x10000000;component=com.example.android.apis/.ApiDemos
;end
// Allowing start of Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] cmp=com.example.android.apis/.ApiDemos } in package com.
example.android.apis
:Sending Pointer ACTION_MOVE x=-4.0 y=2.0
:Sending Pointer ACTION_UP x=0.0 y=0.0
// Allowing start of Intent { cmp=com.example.android.apis/.ApiDemos } in pa
ckage com.example.android.apis
:Sending Pointer ACTION_DOWN x=207.0 y=282.0
:Sending Pointer ACTION_UP x=189.0 y=289.0
// Allowing start of Intent { cmp=com.example.android.apis/.app.Intents } in
package com.example.android.apis
:Sending Pointer ACTION_DOWN x=95.0 y=259.0
:Sending Pointer ACTION_UP x=95.0 y=259.0
:Sending Pointer ACTION_DOWN x=295.0 y=223.0
:Sending Pointer ACTION_UP x=290.0 y=213.0
:Sending Pointer ACTION_MOVE x=-5.0 y=3.0
:Dropped: keys=0 pointers=0 trackballs=0 flips=0
## Network stats: elapsed time=3799ms (3799ms mobile, 0ms wifi, 0ms not connecte
d)
// Monkey finished