孙鑫VC学习笔记：第五讲 文本编程

1.创建插入符

 void CreateSolidCaret(    int nWidth,          //插入符的宽度,为0,表示系统定义的窗口边界宽度    int nHeight          //插入符的高度,为0,表示系统定义的窗口边界高度 );

2.获得文本信息

 BOOL GetTextMetrics(
    LPTEXTMETRIC lpMetrics
 ) const;
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  TEXTMETRIC
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  typedef struct tagTEXTMETRIC {
    LONG tmHeight;                   //字体的高度
    LONG tmAscent;                   //基线以上的部分的长度                                 
    LONG tmDescent;                  //基线以下的地方
    LONG tmInternalLeading;         
    LONG tmExternalLeading;
    LONG tmAveCharWidth;             //平均字符宽度
    LONG tmMaxCharWidth;             //最大字符宽度
    LONG tmWeight;
    LONG tmOverhang;
    LONG tmDigitizedAspectX;
    LONG tmDigitizedAspectY;
    TCHAR tmFirstChar;
    TCHAR tmLastChar;
    TCHAR tmDefaultChar; //默认字符
    TCHAR tmBreakChar;
    BYTE tmItalic;      //斜线
    BYTE tmUnderlined;  //下划线
    BYTE tmStruckOut;   
    BYTE tmPitchAndFamily;
    BYTE tmCharSet;
  } TEXTMETRIC, *PTEXTMETRIC;

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TextView.CPP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ int CTextView::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) { if (CView::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)  return -1;  // TODO: Add your specialized creation code here CClientDC dc(this); TEXTMETRIC tm; dc.GetTextMetrics(&tm); CreateSolidCaret(tm.tmAveCharWidth/8,tm.tmHeight); //创建插入符 ShowCaret();              //显示插入符  return 0; } -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.创建图形插入符.

 void CreateCaret(
    CBitmap* pBitmap
 );
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.输出文字
  CTextView::OnDraw(CDC *pDC)函数当窗口发生重绘的时候,就会被应用程序的框架所调用.

5.字符串类CString
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 TextView.CPP
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 void CTextView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)    { CTextDoc* pDoc = GetDocument(); ASSERT_VALID(pDoc); // TODO: add draw code for native data here //CString str="Hello Visual C++!"; CString str; //str="Hello Visual C++!"; str.LoadString(IDS_HELLOVC);//加载资源中的文字 pDC->TextOut(50,50,str);    }

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6.创建路径
CDC::BeginPath函数
MSDN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CDC::BeginPath //打开路径
 Opens a path bracket in the device context.

 BOOL BeginPath( );
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CDC::GetTextExtent //
MSDN
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CDC::GetTextExtent
 Call this member function to compute the width and height of a line of text using
 the current font to determine the dimensions.

 CSize GetTextExtent(
    LPCTSTR lpszString,
    int nCount
 ) const;
 CSize GetTextExtent(
    const CString& str
 ) const;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MSDN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CDC::SelectClipPath
 Selects the current path as a clipping region for the device context, combining
 he new region with any existing clipping region by using the specified mode.

 BOOL SelectClipPath(
    int nMode
 );
 RGN_DIFF   The new clipping region includes the areas of the current clipping
 region, and those of the current path are excluded.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 选择当前的路径作为一个剪切区域,联合新的区域和一个现存的剪切区域按照指定的模式进行互
 操作
 
TextView.CPP
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 void CTextView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)    {  CTextDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();  ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);  // TODO: add draw code for native data here  //CString str="Hello Visual C++!";  CString str;  str="Hello Visual C++!";  pDC->TextOut(50,50,str);  CSize sz=pDC->GetTextExtent(str);  pDC->BeginPath();  pDC->Rectangle(50,50,50+sz.cx,50+sz.cy);  pDC->EndPath();  pDC->SelectClipPath(RGN_AND);  for (int i=0; i<300; i+=10)  {   pDC->MoveTo(0,i);   pDC->LineTo(300,i);   pDC->MoveTo(i,0);   pDC->LineTo(i,300);  }    }

 void CTextView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)    {  CTextDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();  ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);  // TODO: add draw code for native data here  //CString str="Hello Visual C++!";  CString str;  str="Hello Visual C++!";  pDC->TextOut(50,50,str);  CSize sz=pDC->GetTextExtent(str);  pDC->BeginPath();  pDC->Rectangle(50,50,50+sz.cx,50+sz.cy);  pDC->EndPath();  pDC->SelectClipPath(RGN_AND);  for (int i=0; i<300; i+=10)  {   pDC->MoveTo(0,i);   pDC->LineTo(300,i);   pDC->MoveTo(i,0);   pDC->LineTo(i,300);  }    }

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 7.实现字符输出的功能
   移动插入符:
   CWnd::SetCaretPos
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   CWnd::SetCaretPos
  Sets the position of the caret.

  static void PASCAL SetCaretPos(
     POINT point       //静态方法,设置插入符的位置
  );
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 获取窗口的背景色:
 CDC::GetBKColor
 MSDN
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 CDC::GetBkColor
  Returns the current background color.

  COLORREF GetBkColor( ) const;
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   设置文本的颜色
   CDC::SetTextColor
   MSDN
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   CDC::SetTextColor
 Sets the text color to the specified color.

 virtual COLORREF SetTextColor(
    COLORREF crColor
 );

 Return Value
  An RGB value for the previous text color.
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  截取字符串函数
  CString::Left
  MSDN
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  CString::Left
    The Left method extracts the first (that is, leftmost) nCount characters from
 a CHString string and returns a copy of the extracted substring. If nCount
 exceeds the string length, then the entire string is extracted.

 CString Left(
   int nCount
 ) const throw (CHeap_Exception);
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CString::GetLength
  MSDN
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  CString::GetLength
    The GetLength method gets a count of the number of wide characters in this
 CString string. The count does not include a NULL terminator.

   int GetLength();
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8.创建字体
 CFont类
 CFont::CFont构造函数
 MSDN
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 CFont::CFont
    Constructs a CFont object.

 CFont( );
 Remarks
 The resulting object must be initialized with CreateFont, CreateFontIndirect,
 CreatePointFont, or CreatePointFontIndirect before it can be used.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 CFont::CreatePointFont
 This function provides a simple way to create a font of a specified typeface
 and point size.

 BOOL CreatePointFont(
    int nPointSize,            //设置字体的大小
    LPCTSTR lpszFaceName,      //设置字体的名字
    CDC* pDC = NULL            //转换字体的大小为逻辑单位
 );
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9.制作卡拉OK字幕.

CDC::DrawText
MSDN
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CDC::DrawText
 Call this member function to format text in the given rectangle. To specify
 additional formatting options, use CDC::DrawTextEx.

 virtual int DrawText(
    LPCTSTR lpszString,
    int nCount,
    LPRECT lpRect,                   //输出的范围
    UINT nFormat                     //输出的格式
 );
 int DrawText(
    const CString& str,
    LPRECT lpRect,
    UINT nFormat
 );
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设置定时器CWnd::SetTimer
MSDN
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CWnd::SetTimer
  Installs a system timer.

  UINT_PTR SetTimer(
     UINT_PTR nIDEvent,                //非0的定时器标识
     UINT nElapse,                     //发送定时器消息的间隔时间(单位:0.001s)
     void (CALLBACK* lpfnTimer         //回调函数指针,当我们设定好回调函数,那么
  )(HWND,                              //WM_TIMER消息被放到应用程序消息队列,由    
     UINT,                             //CWnd对象进行处理
     UINT_PTR,
     DWORD
  )
  );