python 简单的网络爬虫 + html 正文抽取

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今天将 一个bfs 的爬虫 和 抽取Html整合到一起了。现在功能还是有局限性 。 其中抽取正文,详见 http://www.fuxiang90.me/2012/02/%E6%8A%BD%E5%8F%96html-%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%87/

  • 现在只限定爬取 http 协议的网址,并只在内网测试了,因为和外网的连接不是不快。
  • 一个全局的 url 队列 和 url set  。队列是为了方便的实现bfs , set 是为了不重复爬取网页,流程还是相当的简单的,原理也是相当的简单。
  • 然后是单线程的,所以应该是比较慢的,之后会考虑多线程 ,爬取网页 ,抽取URL ,抽取正文,可以同步进行。
  • 其中 下图是来源 https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-cn-crawler/  ,然后抽取网页中的url ,我同时还抽取了里面的正文,这个是为了以后建立索引的时候 ,方便进行中文分词


代码在这里贴 有问题,可能是里面有 html 的标签 ,请移步http://www.fuxiang90.me/?p=728 

# encoding:utf-8# use BeautifulSoup to get font|p context# 单线程版本的爬取html ,并深度遍历 ,之后 抽取正文 ,但是单线程未免有点慢# 可以随意的使用这段代码,但请保留 下面的一行# author : fuxiang ,mail: fuxiang90@gmail.comfrom BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup          # For processing HTMLimport urllib2import osimport sysimport reimport Queueimport socketimport timesocket.setdefaulttimeout(8) g_url_queue = Queue.Queue()g_url_queue.put('http://www.bupt.edu.cn/')tt = ['http://www.bupt.edu.cn/']g_url_set = set(tt)max_deep = 1#  传入的参数是soup 类型 这个提取soup 类型里面的网址def get_url_list(html):    global g_url_set    re_html = r'(http://(\w+\.)+\w+)'        res = html.findAll('a') #找到所有a标签        for x in res:        t = unicode(x) #这里的x是soup对象        #url[pos] = str(unicode(x['href']) )        #t = unicode(x)        #print unicode(x['href'])        m = re.findall(re_html , t)        if m  is None:            continue        for xx in m:                        str_url = xx[0]            #print str_url            g_url_set |= set('fuxiang')            if str_url not in g_url_set :                g_url_queue.put(str_url )                 g_url_set |= set(str_url)#######################################################def strip_tags(html):    """    Python中过滤HTML标签的函数    >>> str_text=strip_tags("<font color=red>hello</font>")    >>> print str_text    hello    """    from HTMLParser import HTMLParser    html = html.strip()    html = html.strip("\n")    result = []    parser = HTMLParser()    parser.handle_data = result.append    parser.feed(html)    parser.close()    return ''.join(result)######################################################## 可以传入 网址 或者 本地文件 ,解析出里面的正文def get_context( url ):    re_html = 'http[s]?://[A-Za-z0-9]+.[A-Za-z0-9]+.[A-Za-z0-9]+

m = re.match(re_html,str(url)) if m is None : # 如果url 是本地文件 fp = open(unicode(url),'r') else: fp = urllib2.urlopen(url) html = fp.read() soup = BeautifulSoup(html) allfonttext=soup.findAll(['a','p','font']) if len(allfonttext)<=0: print 'not found text' fwrite = open('u'+str(url) ,'w') for i in allfonttext: t = (i.renderContents() ) context = strip_tags(t) fwrite.write (context) fwrite.close()####################################################### def main_fun(deep): global g_url_set global g_url_queue if deep > max_deep: return count = 0 print 'debug' while g_url_queue.empty() is not True: print 'debug2' l_url = g_url_queue.get() print l_url # 捕捉超时错误 ,有些网页链接不上 try: fp = urllib2.urlopen(l_url) except : continue html = fp.read() fwrite = open(str(count+1) ,'w') fwrite.write(html) fwrite.close() soup = BeautifulSoup(html) get_url_list(soup) get_context(count+1) count += 1 if count >= 100 : return # uncompletedef get_html_page(url): furl = urllib2.urlopen(url) html = furl.read() soup = BeautifulSoup(html)if __name__ == "__main__": main_fun(1) time.sleep(10)


然后我现在想做一个多线程的,即下载页面 和分析html 抽取里面的正文和url 是可以同步进行的 ,然后对上面的代码进行简单的修改后,勉强能运行 ,主要是增加了  threading ,对全局的queue 访问了加了锁控制,因为之前没有写过多线程的代码,所以觉得还是希望路过的朋友可以,提出建议。 


# encoding:utf-8# use BeautifulSoup to get font|p context# 可以随意的使用这段代码,但请保留 下面的一行# author : fuxiang ,mail: fuxiang90@gmail.comfrom BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup          # For processing HTMLimport urllib2import osimport sysimport reimport Queueimport socketimport timeimport threadingqueue_lock = threading.RLock()file_lock = threading.RLock()socket.setdefaulttimeout(8) g_url_queue = Queue.Queue()g_url_queue.put('http://www.bupt.edu.cn/')g_file_queue = Queue.Queue()tt = ['http://www.bupt.edu.cn/']g_url_set = set(tt)max_deep = 1#######################################################def strip_tags(html):    """    Python中过滤HTML标签的函数    >>> str_text=strip_tags("<font color=red>hello</font>")    >>> print str_text    hello    """    from HTMLParser import HTMLParser    html = html.strip()    html = html.strip("\n")    result = []    parser = HTMLParser()    parser.handle_data = result.append    parser.feed(html)    parser.close()    return ''.join(result)  def get_context( soup ,url):           allfonttext=soup.findAll(['a','p','font'])    if len(allfonttext)<=0:        print 'not found text'    fwrite = open('u'+str(url) ,'w')    for i in allfonttext:        t = (i.renderContents() )        context = strip_tags(t)        fwrite.write (context)    fwrite.close()        class get_page_thread(threading.Thread):    def __init__(self, name):        threading.Thread.__init__(self)        self.t_name = name        def run(self):        global g_url_set        global g_url_queue        global g_file_queue        count = 0        print 'debug'        while g_url_queue.empty() is not True:            print self.t_name            # 增加一个锁            queue_lock.acquire()            l_url = g_url_queue.get()            queue_lock.release()            print l_url            # 捕捉超时错误 ,有些网页链接不上            try:                fp = urllib2.urlopen(l_url)            except :                continue            html = fp.read()            fwrite = open(str(count+1) ,'w')            fwrite.write(html)            fwrite.close()            file_lock.acquire()            g_file_queue.put(count+1)            file_lock.release()                        count += 1            if count >= 100 :               exit        class get_url_list_thread(threading.Thread):    def __init__(self, name):        threading.Thread.__init__(self)        self.t_name = name                      def run(self):        global g_url_set        global g_file_queue        global queue_lock        global file_lock        while g_file_queue.empty() is not True:            file_lock.acquire()            filename = g_file_queue.get()            file_lock.release()            fd = open(str(filename),'r')            html = fd.read();            soup = BeautifulSoup(html)             get_context(soup,filename)                        re_html = r'(http://(\w+\.)+\w+)'                    res = soup.findAll('a') #找到所有a标签                                    for x in res:                t = unicode(x) #这里的x是soup对象                #url[pos] = str(unicode(x['href']) )                #t = unicode(x)                #print unicode(x['href'])                m = re.findall(re_html , t)                if m  is None:                    continue                for xx in m:                                str_url = xx[0]                    #print str_url                    g_url_set |= set('fuxiang')                    if str_url not in g_url_set :                        queue_lock.acquire()                        g_url_queue.put(str_url )                        queue_lock.release()                        g_url_set |= set(str_url)            # uncompletedef get_html_page(url):    furl =  urllib2.urlopen(url)    html = furl.read()    soup = BeautifulSoup(html)if __name__ == "__main__":    thread1 = get_page_thread('a')        thread2 = get_url_list_thread('b')    thread3 = get_page_thread('c')    thread4 = get_page_thread('d')    thread1.start()    time.sleep(20)    thread2.start()    time.sleep(20)    thread3.start()    thread4.start()    




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