Linux下Oracle开机自启动与oratab，dbstart脚本说明

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一./etc/oratab说明
直接使用cat 查看这个文件：

gg1:/home/oracle> cat /etc/oratab
#

# This file is used by ORACLEutilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database ConfigurationAssistant when creating
# a database.

# A colon, ':', is used as the fieldterminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', arecomments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y|W>:
#
# The first and second fields are thesystem identifier and home
# directory of the databaserespectively. The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the databaseshould , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at systemboot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same$ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1:N

这里是我测试环境上的文件，在这个注释里面，对这个文件讲的比较清楚。/etc/oratab 由root.sh 脚本创建，在用DBCA 创建实例时也会更新这个文件。

当$ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y> 设置为Y时，允许实例自启动，当设置为N时，则不允许自启动。这个文件里的配置仅仅起一个开关的作用，其并不会具体的执行启动和关闭，具体的操作由$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart和dbshut 脚本来实现。这2个脚本在执行时会检查/etc/oratab 文件里的配置，为Y时才能继续执行。

所以配置数据库自启动和关闭的步骤如下：
（1） 配置/etc/oratab
（2） 修改$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart和dbshut，并将其添加到/etc/rc(.local) 文件中。

这里是使用oracle 自带的dbstart 和dbshut脚本，如果使用自己写的脚本来启动或关闭DB 就不需要关心这个文件的设置了。

二.$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart，dbshut 说明
2.1 dbstart 脚本

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>cat dbstart
#!/bin/sh
#
# $Id: dbstart.sh 22-may-2008.05:05:45arogers Exp $
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2008, Oracle. Allrights reserved.
#

###################################
#
# usage: dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
#
# This script is used tostart ORACLE from /etc/rc(.local).
# It should ONLY beexecuted as part of the system boot procedure.
#
# This script will start all databaseslisted in the oratab file
# whose third field is a"Y". If the third field is setto "Y" and
# there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (thefirst field is a *),
# then this script will ignore that entry.
--这里就是我们之前说的，这个仅启动/etc/oratab 文件中标记为Y的实例。
#
# This script requires that ASMORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
# that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do notstart with a +.
#
# If ASM instances are to be started withthis script, it cannot be used inside an rc*.d directory, and should be invokedfrom rc.local only. Otherwise, the CSS service may not be available yet, andthis script will block init from completing the boot cycle.
--如果是ASM 实例，那么只能从rc.local中调用，否则CSS 服务可能不可用。
#
# If you want dbstart to auto-start asingle-instance database that uses
# an ASM server that is auto-started by CRS(this is the default behavior
# for an ASM cluster), you must change thedatabase's ORATAB entry to use
# a third field of "W" and theASM's ORATAB entry to use a third field of "N".
# These values specify that dbstartauto-starts the database only after
# the ASM instance is up and running.
--注意这里的W，其表示等待所有的ASM 实例启动完毕后在启动数据库。
#
# Note:
# Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing thisscript.
#
# The progress log for each instancebringup plus Error and Warning message[s]
# are logged in file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log.The error messages related to
# instance bringup are also logged tosyslog (system log module).
# The Listener log is located at$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
--启动日志存放在$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log里。
#
# On all UNIX platforms except SOLARIS
# ORATAB=/etc/oratab
#
# To configure, update ORATAB withInstances that need to be started up
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y|W>:
# An example entry:
# main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
#
# Overall algorithm:
--启动顺序
# 1) Bring up all ASM instances with 'Y'entry in status field in oratab entry
--启动状态为Y的所有ASM 实例
# 2) Bring up all Database instances with'Y' entry in status field in
# oratab entry
--启动所有状态为Y的数据库实例
# 3) If there are Database instances with'W' entry in status field
# then
# iterate over all ASM instances (irrespective of 'Y' or 'N') AND
# wait for all of them to be started
# fi
--如果数据库的状态为W，则等待ASM 实例启动完毕，再启动
# 4) Bring up all Database instances with'W' entry in status field in
# oratab entry
--启动所有状态为W的数据库实例
#
#####################################

LOGMSG="logger -puser.alert -s "

trap 'exit' 1 2 3

# for script tracing
case $ORACLE_TRACE in
T)set -x ;;
esac

# Set path if path not set (if called from/etc/rc)
SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ;export PATH
SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# First argument is used to bring up OracleNet Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start OracleNet Listener"
echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log

#Set the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle Net Listener, it gets reset to
# adifferent ORACLE_HOME for each entry in the oratab.
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER

#Start Oracle Net Listener
if[ -x $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
 echo "$0: Starting Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG2>&1
 $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start >> $LOG 2>&1 &
 VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTLfor " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1`
 export VER10LIST
else
 echo "Failed to auto-start Oracle Net Listener using$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"
fi
fi

# Set this in accordance with the platform
ORATAB=/etc/oratab
if [ ! $ORATAB ] ; then
echo "$ORATAB not found"
exit 1;
fi

# Checks Version Mismatch between Listenerand Database Instance.
# A version 10 listener is required for anOracle Database 10g database.
# Previous versions of the listener are notsupported for use with an Oracle
# Database 10g database. However, it ispossible to use a version 10 listener
# with previous versions of the Oracledatabase.
checkversionmismatch() {
if[ $VER10LIST ] ; then
 VER10INST=`sqlplus -V | grep "Release " | cut -d' ' -f3 | cut-d'.' -f1`
 if [ $VER10LIST -lt $VER10INST ] ; then
 $LOGMSG "Listener version $VER10LIST NOT supported with Databaseversion $VER10INST"
 $LOGMSG "Restart Oracle Net Listener using an alternateORACLE_HOME_LISTNER:"
 $LOGMSG "lsnrctl start"
 fi
fi
}

# Starts a DatabaseInstance
startinst() {
#Called programs use same database ID
export ORACLE_SID

#Put $ORACLE_HOME/bin into PATH and export.
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${SAVE_PATH} ; export PATH
#add for bug # 652997
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${SAVE_LLP} ; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
PFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora
SPFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile${ORACLE_SID}.ora
SPFILE1=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile.ora

echo ""
echo "$0: Starting up database \"$ORACLE_SID\""
date
echo ""

checkversionmismatch

#See if it is a V6 or V7 database
VERSION=undef
if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba ] ; then
 SQLDBA=sqldba
 VERSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba command=exit | awk '
 /SQL\*DBA: (Release|Version)/ {split($3, V, ".") ;
 print V[1]}'`
 case $VERSION in
 "6") ;;
 *) VERSION="internal" ;;
 esac
else
 if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/svrmgrl ] ; then
 SQLDBA=svrmgrl
 VERSION="internal"
 else
 SQLDBA="sqlplus /nolog"
 fi
fi

STATUS=1
if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef${ORACLE_SID}.dbf ] ; then
 STATUS="-1"
fi
if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef${ORACLE_SID}.ora ] ; then
 STATUS="-1"
fi
pmon=`ps -ef | grep -w "ora_pmon_$ORACLE_SID" | grep -v grep`
if[ "$pmon" != "" ] ; then
 STATUS="-1"
 $LOGMSG "Warning: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" alreadystarted."
fi

if[ $STATUS -eq -1 ] ; then
 $LOGMSG "Warning: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" possibly leftrunning when system went down (system crash?)."
 $LOGMSG "Action: Notify Database Administrator."
 case $VERSION in
 "6") sqldba"command=shutdown abort" ;;
 "internal") $SQLDBA$args <<EOF
connect internal
shutdown abort
EOF
 ;;
 *) $SQLDBA $args <<EOF
connect / as sysdba
shutdown abort
quit
EOF
 ;;
 esac

 if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
 STATUS=1
 else
 $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
 fi
fi

if[ $STATUS -eq 1 ] ; then
 if [ -e $SPFILE -o -e $SPFILE1 -o -e $PFILE ] ; then
 case $VERSION in
 "6") sqldbacommand=startup ;;
 "internal") $SQLDBA<<EOF
connect internal
startup
EOF
 ;;
 *) $SQLDBA <<EOF
connect / as sysdba
startup
quit
EOF
 ;;
 esac

 if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
 echo ""
 echo "$0: ${INST}\"${ORACLE_SID}\" warm started."
 else
 $LOGMSG ""
 $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
 fi
 else
 $LOGMSG ""
 $LOGMSG "No init file found for ${INST}\"${ORACLE_SID}\"."
 $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
 fi
fi
}

# Starts an ASM Instance
startasminst() {
#Called programs use same database ID
export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
#Called scripts use same home directory
export ORACLE_HOME

#For ASM instances, we have a dependency on the CSS service.
#Wait here for it to become available before instance startup.

#Is the 10g install intact? Are all necessary binaries present?
if[ ! -x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl ]; then
 $LOGMSG "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl not found when attempting tostart"
 $LOGMSG " ASM instance$ORACLE_SID."

else
 COUNT=0
 $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl check css
 RC=$?
 while [ "$RC" != "0" ];
 do
 COUNT=`expr $COUNT + 1`
 if [ $COUNT = 15 ] ; then
 # 15 tries with 20 sec interval => 5 minutes timeout
 $LOGMSG "Timed out waiting to start ASM instance$ORACLE_SID"
 $LOGMSG " CSS service is NOTavailable."
 exit $COUNT
 fi
 $LOGMSG "Waiting for Oracle CSS service to be available beforestarting "
 $LOGMSG " ASM instance $ORACLE_SID. Wait $COUNT."
 sleep 20
 $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl check css
 RC=$?
 done
fi
startinst
}

# Start of dbstartupscript
#
# Loop for every entry in oratab file andand try to start
# that ORACLE.
#
# ASM instances need to be started before'Database instances'
# ASM instance is identified with '+'prefix in ORACLE_SID
# Following loop brings up ASM instance[s]

cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
\#*) ;; #comment-line in oratab
*)
ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
 ORACLE_SID=""
 continue
fi
#Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
 #If ASM instances
 if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
 INST="ASM instance"
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
 # Called scripts use same home directory
 export ORACLE_HOME
 # file for logging script's output
 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
 touch $LOG
 chmod a+r $LOG
 echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
 startasminst >> $LOG 2>&1
 fi
fi
;;
esac
done

# exit if there was any trouble bringing upASM instance[s]
if [ "$?" != "0" ] ;then
exit 2
fi

#
# Following loop brings up 'Database instances'
#
cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
\#*) ;; #comment-line in oratab
*)
ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
 ORACLE_SID=""
 continue
fi
#Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
 #If non-ASM instances
 if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
 INST="Database instance"
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
 # Called scripts use same home directory
 export ORACLE_HOME
 # file for logging script's output
 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
 touch $LOG
 chmod a+r $LOG
 echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
 startinst >> $LOG 2>&1
 fi
fi
;;
esac
done

#
# Following loop brings up 'Databaseinstances' that have wait state 'W'
#
cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
\#*) ;; #comment-line in oratab
*)
ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
 ORACLE_SID=""
 continue
fi
#Proceed only if last field is 'W'.
if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
 W_ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
 #DB instances with 'W' (wait state) have a dependency on ASM instances via CRS.
 #Wait here for 'all' ASM instances to become available.
 cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
 do
 case $LINE in
 \#*) ;; #comment-line in oratab
 *)
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
 if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 # same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
 ORACLE_SID=""
 continue
 fi
 if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
 INST="ASM instance"
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
 if [ -x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl ] ; then
 COUNT=0
 NODE=`olsnodes -l`
 RNODE=`srvctl status asm -n $NODE | grep "$ORACLE_SID isrunning"`
 RC=$?
 while [ "$RC" != "0" ]; # wait until this comes up!
 do
 COUNT=$((COUNT+1))
 if [ $COUNT = 5 ] ; then
 # 5 tries with 60 sec interval=> 5 minutes timeout
 $LOGMSG "Error: Timed outwaiting on CRS to start ASM instance $ORACLE_SID"
 exit $COUNT
 fi
 $LOGMSG "Waiting for Oracle CRS service to start ASM instance$ORACLE_SID"
 $LOGMSG "Wait $COUNT."
 sleep 60
 RNODE=`srvctl status asm -n $NODE | grep "$ORACLE_SID isrunning"`
 RC=$?
 done
 else
 $LOGMSG "Error: \"${W_ORACLE_SID}\" has dependency on ASMinstance \"${ORACLE_SID}\""
 $LOGMSG "Error: Need $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl to check thisdependency"
 fi
 fi # asm instance
 ;;
 esac
 done # innner while
fi
;;
esac
done # outer while

# by now all the ASM instances have come upand we can proceed to bring up
# DB instance with 'W' wait status

cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
\#*) ;; #comment-line in oratab
*)
ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
 ORACLE_SID=""
 continue
fi
#Proceed only if last field is 'W'.
if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
 INST="Database instance"
 if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
 $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted"
 $LOGMSG "Error: incorrect usage: 'W' not allowed for ASMinstances"
 continue
 fi
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
 #Called scripts use same home directory
 export ORACLE_HOME
 #file for logging script's output
 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
 touch $LOG
 chmod a+r $LOG
 echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
 startinst >> $LOG 2>&1
fi
;;
esac
done
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>

2.2 dbshut 脚本

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>cat dbshut
#!/bin/sh
#
# $Id: dbshut.sh 22-may-2008.05:19:31arogers Exp $
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2008, Oracle. Allrights reserved.
#

###################################
#
# usage: dbshut $ORACLE_HOME
#
# This script is used to shutdown ORACLEfrom /etc/rc(.local).
# It should ONLY be executed as part of thesystem boot procedure.
#
# This script will shutdown all databaseslisted in the oratab file
# whose third field is a "Y" or"W". If the third field is setto "Y" and
# there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (thefirst field is a *),
# then this script will ignore that entry.
#
# This script requires that ASMORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
# that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do notstart with a +.
#
# Note:
# Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing this script.
# Oracle Net Listener is also shutdownusing this script.
#
# The progress log for each instanceshutdown is logged in file
# $ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log.
#
# On all UNIX platforms except SOLARIS
# ORATAB=/etc/oratab
#
# To configure, update ORATAB withInstances that need to be shutdown
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
# An example entry:
# main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
#
#####################################

trap 'exit' 1 2 3
case $ORACLE_TRACE in
T) set-x ;;
esac

# Set path if path not set (if called from/etc/rc)
SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ;export PATH
SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# The this to bring down Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
echo"ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-stop Oracle NetListener"
echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log

#Set the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle Net Listener, it gets reset to
# adifferent ORACLE_HOME for each entry in the oratab.
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER

#Stop Oracle Net Listener
if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
 echo "$0: Stoping Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG2>&1
 $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl stop >> $LOG 2>&1 &
else
 echo "Failed to auto-stop Oracle Net Listener using$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"
fi
fi

# Set this in accordance with the platform
ORATAB=/etc/oratab
if [ ! $ORATAB ] ; then
echo "$ORATAB not found"
exit 1;
fi

# Stops an instance
stopinst() {
ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 ORACLE_SID=""
fi
# Called programs use same database ID
export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
# Called scripts use same home directory
export ORACLE_HOME
# Put $ORACLE_HOME/bin into PATH andexport.
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${SAVE_PATH} ; export PATH
# add for bug 652997
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${SAVE_LLP} ; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
PFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora

# See if it is a V6 or V7 database
VERSION=undef
if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba ] ; then
 SQLDBA=sqldba
 VERSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba command=exit | awk '
 /SQL\*DBA: (Release|Version)/ {split($3, V, ".") ;
 print V[1]}'`
 case $VERSION in
 "6") ;;
 *) VERSION="internal" ;;
 esac
else
 if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/svrmgrl ] ; then
 SQLDBA=svrmgrl
 VERSION="internal"
 else
 SQLDBA="sqlplus /nolog"
 fi
fi

case $VERSION in
 "6") sqldbacommand=shutdown ;;
 "internal") $SQLDBA<<EOF
connect internal
shutdown immediate
EOF
 ;;
 *) $SQLDBA <<EOF
connect / as sysdba
shutdown immediate
quit
EOF
 ;;
esac

iftest $? -eq 0 ; then
 echo "${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" shut down."
else
 echo "${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" not shut down."
fi
}

#
# Loop for every entry in oratab file andand try to shut down
# that ORACLE
#
# Following loop shuts down 'DatabaseInstance[s]' with 'Y' entry

cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
\#*) ;; #comment-line in oratab
*)
ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 # NULL SID - ignore
 ORACLE_SID=""
 continue
fi
#Proceed only if last field is 'Y' or 'W'
if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
 if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
 INST="Database instance"
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
 echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
 stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
 fi
fi
;;
esac
done

#
# Following loop shuts down 'DatabaseInstance[s]' with 'W' entry
#
cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
\#*) ;; #comment-line in oratab
*)
ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 # NULL SID - ignore
 ORACLE_SID=""
 continue
fi
#Proceed only if last field is 'Y' or 'W'
if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
 if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
 INST="Database instance"
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
 echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
 stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
 fi
fi
;;
esac
done

#
# Following loop shuts down 'ASMInstance[s]'
#

cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case$LINE in
 \#*) ;; #comment-line in oratab
 *)
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
 if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
 # NULL SID - ignore
 ORACLE_SID=""
 continue
 fi
 #Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
 #Entries whose last field is not Y or N are not DB entry, ignore them.
 if [ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y"] ; then
 if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
 INST="ASM instance"
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
 echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
 stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
 fi
 fi
;;
esac
done
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>

通过以上信息，我们可以看出，我们只需要修改/etc/oratab脚本就可以了，dbstart 和dbshut命令可以从/etc/oratab里获取需要的参数值。

三.DB 开机自启动示例
3.1 修改/etc/oratab的值为Y
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>ll /etc/oratab
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 722 Jan 3020:36 /etc/oratab
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>cat /etc/oratab
#
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1:Y

3.2 修改dbstart的ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER，使其指向$ORACLE_HOME:
# First argument is used to bring up OracleNet Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

3.3 用root用户在rc.local里添加如下内容：

[root@gg1 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* allthe other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuffin here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style initstuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local
su - oracle -c"/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/dbstart"
su - oracle -c"/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

这里注意必须用oracle 用户来启动脚本。

3.4 reboot 系统，Oracle就自动启动了。

在我们的配置中，启动的包括监听，实例和OEM。

启动日志如下：
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1>cat startup.log

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/dbstart:Starting up database "gg1"
Mon Jan 30 20:48:26 CST 2012

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production onMon Jan 30 20:48:31 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 939495424 bytes
Fixed Size 2233960 bytes
Variable Size 675285400 bytes
Database Buffers 255852544 bytes
Redo Buffers 6123520 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining andReal Application Testing options

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/dbstart:Database instance "gg1" warm started.

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1>cat listener.log
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/dbstart:Starting Oracle Net Listener

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 -Production on 30-JAN-2012 21:24:37

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/tnslsnr:please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 -Production
System parameter file is/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/gg1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=gg1)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Connecting to(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=gg1)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 30-JAN-2012 21:24:40
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 1 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/gg1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=gg1)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully