Android调用WebService(ksoap2 天气预报)

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WebService是一种基于SOAP协议的远程调用标准,通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台、不同语言、不同技术整合到一块。在Android SDK中并没有提供调用WebService的库,因此,需要使用第三方的SDK来调用WebService。PC版本的WEbservice客户端库非常丰富,例如Axis2,CXF等,但这些开发包对于Android系统过于庞大,也未必很容易移植到Android系统中。因此,这些开发包并不是在我们的考虑范围内。适合手机的WebService客户端的SDK有一些,比较常用的有Ksoap2,可以从http://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/downloads/list进行下载;将下载的ksoap2-android-assembly-2.4-jar-with-dependencies.jar包复制到Eclipse工程的lib目录中,当然也可以放在其他的目录里。同时在Eclipse工程中引用这个jar包。

具体调用调用webservice的方法为:

(1) 指定webservice的命名空间和调用的方法名,如:

SoapObject request =new SoapObject(http://service,”getName”);

SoapObject类的第一个参数表示WebService的命名空间,可以从WSDL文档中找到WebService的命名空间。第二个参数表示要调用的WebService方法名。

(2) 设置调用方法的参数值,如果没有参数,可以省略,设置方法的参数值的代码如下:

Request.addProperty(“param1”,”value”);Request.addProperty(“param2”,”value”);

要注意的是,addProperty方法的第1个参数虽然表示调用方法的参数名,但该参数值并不一定与服务端的WebService类中的方法参数名一致,只要设置参数的顺序一致即可。

(3) 生成调用Webservice方法的SOAP请求信息。该信息由SoapSerializationEnvelope对象描述,代码为:

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);Envelope.bodyOut = request;

创建SoapSerializationEnvelope对象时需要通过SoapSerializationEnvelope类的构造方法设置SOAP协议的版本号。该版本号需要根据服务端WebService的版本号设置。在创建SoapSerializationEnvelope对象后,不要忘了设置SOAPSoapSerializationEnvelope类的bodyOut属性,该属性的值就是在第一步创建的SoapObject对象。

(4) 创建HttpTransportsSE对象。通过HttpTransportsSE类的构造方法可以指定WebService的WSDL文档的URL:

HttpTransportSE ht=new HttpTransportSE(“http://192.168.18.17:80/axis2/service/SearchNewsService?wsdl”);

(5)使用call方法调用WebService方法,代码:

ht.call(null,envelope);

Call方法的第一个参数一般为null,第2个参数就是在第3步创建的SoapSerializationEnvelope对象。

(6)使用getResponse方法获得WebService方法的返回结果,代码:

SoapObject soapObject =( SoapObject) envelope.getResponse();

以下为简单的实现一个天气查看功能的例子:


package com.wea.ther;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.Toast;public class WeatherTestActivity extends Activity {private Button okButton;/** Called when the activity is first created. */@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);okButton = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn);okButton.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {String city = "北京";getWeather(city);}});}private static final String NAMESPACE = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";// WebService地址private static String URL = "http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";private static final String METHOD_NAME = "getWeatherbyCityName";private static String SOAP_ACTION = "http://WebXml.com.cn/getWeatherbyCityName";private String weatherToday;private SoapObject detail;public void getWeather(String cityName) {try {System.out.println("rpc------");SoapObject rpc = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME);System.out.println("rpc" + rpc);System.out.println("cityName is " + cityName);rpc.addProperty("theCityName", cityName);SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.bodyOut = rpc;envelope.dotNet = true;envelope.setOutputSoapObject(rpc);HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(URL);// AndroidHttpTransport ht = new AndroidHttpTransport(URL);ht.debug = true;ht.call(SOAP_ACTION, envelope);// ht.call(null, envelope);// SoapObject result = (SoapObject)envelope.bodyIn;// detail = (SoapObject)// result.getProperty("getWeatherbyCityNameResult");detail = (SoapObject) envelope.getResponse();// System.out.println("result" + result);System.out.println("detail:---"+"\n" + detail);Toast.makeText(this, detail.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();parseWeather(detail);return;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}private void parseWeather(SoapObject detail)throws UnsupportedEncodingException {String date = detail.getProperty(6).toString();weatherToday = "今天:" + date.split(" ")[0];weatherToday = weatherToday + "\n天气:" + date.split(" ")[1];weatherToday = weatherToday + "\n气温:" + detail.getProperty(5).toString();weatherToday = weatherToday + "\n风力:" + detail.getProperty(7).toString() + "\n";System.out.println("weatherToday is " + weatherToday);Toast.makeText(this, weatherToday, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();}}

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