POI导出EXCEL经典实现(照着文档操作,1个小时就搞定并且理解了)
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POI导出EXCEL经典实现
转载至:http://www.cnblogs.com/xwdreamer/archive/2011/07/20/2296975.html
jar包地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/lehear/4219801
1.Apache POI简介
Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库,POI提供API给Java程式对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。 .NET的开发人员则可以利用NPOI (POI for .NET) 来存取 POI 的功能。
2.POI结构
HSSF - 提供读写Microsoft Excel XLS格式档案的功能。
XSSF - 提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML XLSX格式档案的功能。
HWPF - 提供读写Microsoft Word DOC格式档案的功能。
HSLF - 提供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。
HDGF - 提供读Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。
HPBF - 提供读Microsoft Publisher格式档案的功能。
HSMF - 提供读Microsoft Outlook格式档案的功能。
3.Busy Developers' Guide to HSSF and XSSF Features
官方网站:http://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/quick-guide.html
参考博客:http://langhua9527.iteye.com/blog/388005
4.参考实例
引用:http://blog.csdn.net/lenolong/article/details/3957735
在web开发中,有一个经典的功能,就是数据的导入导出。特别是数据的导出,在生产管理或者财务系统中用的非常普遍,因为这些系统经常要做一些报表打印的工作。而数据导出的格式一般是EXCEL或者PDF,我这里就用两篇文章分别给大家介绍下。(注意,我们这里说的数据导出可不是数据库中的数据导出!么误会啦^_^)
呵呵,首先我们来导出EXCEL格式的文件吧。现在主流的操作Excel文件的开源工具有很多,用得比较多的就是Apache的POI及JExcelAPI。这里我们用Apache POI!我们先去Apache的大本营下载POI的jar包:http://poi.apache.org/ ,我这里使用的是3.0.2版本。
jar包地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/lehear/4219801
将3个jar包导入到classpath下,什么?忘了怎么导包?不会吧!好,我们来写一个导出Excel的实用类(所谓实用,是指基本不用怎么修改就可以在实际项目中直接使用的!)。我一直强调做类也好,做方法也好,一定要通用性和灵活性强。下面这个类就算基本贯彻了我的这种思想。那么,熟悉许老师风格的人应该知道,这时候该要甩出一长串代码了。没错,大伙请看:
Student.java
package org.leno.export.util;import java.util.Date;public class Student {private long id;private String name;private int age;private boolean sex;private Date birthday;public Student() {super();// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public Student(long id, String name, int age, boolean sex, Date birthday) {super();this.id = id;this.name = name;this.age = age;this.sex = sex;this.birthday = birthday;}public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public boolean getSex() {return sex;}public void setSex(boolean sex) {this.sex = sex;}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}}
package org.leno.export.util;public class Book {private int bookId;private String name;private String author;private float price;private String isbn;private String pubName;private byte[] preface;public Book() {super();}public Book(int bookId, String name, String author, float price,String isbn, String pubName, byte[] preface) {super();this.bookId = bookId;this.name = name;this.author = author;this.price = price;this.isbn = isbn;this.pubName = pubName;this.preface = preface;}public int getBookId() {return bookId;}public void setBookId(int bookId) {this.bookId = bookId;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getAuthor() {return author;}public void setAuthor(String author) {this.author = author;}public float getPrice() {return price;}public void setPrice(float price) {this.price = price;}public String getIsbn() {return isbn;}public void setIsbn(String isbn) {this.isbn = isbn;}public String getPubName() {return pubName;}public void setPubName(String pubName) {this.pubName = pubName;}public byte[] getPreface() {return preface;}public void setPreface(byte[] preface) {this.preface = preface;}}
ExportExcel.java
package org.leno.export.util;import java.io.*;import java.lang.reflect.*;import java.util.*;import java.util.regex.Matcher;import java.util.regex.Pattern;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;/** * 利用开源组件POI3.0.2动态导出EXCEL文档 转载时请保留以下信息,注明出处! * * @author leno * @version v1.0 * @param <T> * 应用泛型,代表任意一个符合javabean风格的类 * 注意这里为了简单起见,boolean型的属性xxx的get器方式为getXxx(),而不是isXxx() * byte[]表jpg格式的图片数据 */public class ExportExcel<T> {public void exportExcel(Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out) {exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", null, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");}public void exportExcel(String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset,OutputStream out) {exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", headers, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");}public void exportExcel(String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset,OutputStream out, String pattern) {exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", headers, dataset, out, pattern);}/** * 这是一个通用的方法,利用了JAVA的反射机制,可以将放置在JAVA集合中并且符号一定条件的数据以EXCEL 的形式输出到指定IO设备上 * * @param title * 表格标题名 * @param headers * 表格属性列名数组 * @param dataset * 需要显示的数据集合,集合中一定要放置符合javabean风格的类的对象。此方法支持的 * javabean属性的数据类型有基本数据类型及String,Date,byte[](图片数据) * @param out * 与输出设备关联的流对象,可以将EXCEL文档导出到本地文件或者网络中 * @param pattern * 如果有时间数据,设定输出格式。默认为"yyy-MM-dd" */@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public void exportExcel(String title, String[] headers,Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out, String pattern) {// 声明一个工作薄HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();// 生成一个表格HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);// 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth((short) 15);// 生成一个样式HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();// 设置这些样式style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);// 生成一个字体HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);// 把字体应用到当前的样式style.setFont(font);// 生成并设置另一个样式HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);// 生成另一个字体HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);// 把字体应用到当前的样式style2.setFont(font2);// 声明一个画图的顶级管理器HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();// 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档HSSFComment comment = patriarch.createComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0, 0, 0, (short) 4, 2, (short) 6, 5));// 设置注释内容comment.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("可以在POI中添加注释!"));// 设置注释作者,当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容.comment.setAuthor("leno");// 产生表格标题行HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);for (short i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);cell.setCellStyle(style);HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);cell.setCellValue(text);}// 遍历集合数据,产生数据行Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();int index = 0;while (it.hasNext()) {index++;row = sheet.createRow(index);T t = (T) it.next();// 利用反射,根据javabean属性的先后顺序,动态调用getXxx()方法得到属性值Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();for (short i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);cell.setCellStyle(style2);Field field = fields[i];String fieldName = field.getName();String getMethodName = "get"+ fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()+ fieldName.substring(1);try {Class tCls = t.getClass();Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName,new Class[] {});Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换String textValue = null;// if (value instanceof Integer) {// int intValue = (Integer) value;// cell.setCellValue(intValue);// } else if (value instanceof Float) {// float fValue = (Float) value;// textValue = new HSSFRichTextString(// String.valueOf(fValue));// cell.setCellValue(textValue);// } else if (value instanceof Double) {// double dValue = (Double) value;// textValue = new HSSFRichTextString(// String.valueOf(dValue));// cell.setCellValue(textValue);// } else if (value instanceof Long) {// long longValue = (Long) value;// cell.setCellValue(longValue);// }if (value instanceof Boolean) {boolean bValue = (Boolean) value;textValue = "男";if (!bValue) {textValue = "女";}} else if (value instanceof Date) {Date date = (Date) value;SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);textValue = sdf.format(date);} else if (value instanceof byte[]) {// 有图片时,设置行高为60px;row.setHeightInPoints(60);// 设置图片所在列宽度为80px,注意这里单位的一个换算sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (short) (35.7 * 80));// sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);byte[] bsValue = (byte[]) value;HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0,1023, 255, (short) 6, index, (short) 6, index);anchor.setAnchorType(2);patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(bsValue, HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));} else {// 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理textValue = value.toString();}// 如果不是图片数据,就利用正则表达式判断textValue是否全部由数字组成if (textValue != null) {Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?{1}quot;);Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);if (matcher.matches()) {// 是数字当作double处理cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));} else {HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(textValue);HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();font3.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);richString.applyFont(font3);cell.setCellValue(richString);}}} catch (SecurityException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} finally {// 清理资源}}}try {workbook.write(out);} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}public static void main(String[] args) {// 测试学生ExportExcel<Student> ex = new ExportExcel<Student>();String[] headers = { "学号", "姓名", "年龄", "性别", "出生日期" };List<Student> dataset = new ArrayList<Student>();dataset.add(new Student(10000001, "张三", 20, true, new Date()));dataset.add(new Student(20000002, "李四", 24, false, new Date()));dataset.add(new Student(30000003, "王五", 22, true, new Date()));// 测试图书ExportExcel<Book> ex2 = new ExportExcel<Book>();String[] headers2 = { "图书编号", "图书名称", "图书作者", "图书价格", "图书ISBN","图书出版社", "封面图片" };List<Book> dataset2 = new ArrayList<Book>();try {BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("book.jpg"));byte[] buf = new byte[bis.available()];while ((bis.read(buf)) != -1) {//}dataset2.add(new Book(1, "jsp", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567","清华出版社", buf));dataset2.add(new Book(2, "java编程思想", "brucl", 300.33f, "1234567","阳光出版社", buf));dataset2.add(new Book(3, "DOM艺术", "lenotang", 300.33f, "1234567","清华出版社", buf));dataset2.add(new Book(4, "c++经典", "leno", 400.33f, "1234567","清华出版社", buf));dataset2.add(new Book(5, "c#入门", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567","汤春秀出版社", buf));OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("E://a.xls");OutputStream out2 = new FileOutputStream("E://b.xls");ex.exportExcel(headers, dataset, out);ex2.exportExcel(headers2, dataset2, out2);out.close();JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "导出成功!");System.out.println("excel导出成功!");} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}}
Export.java
package org.leno.export.util;import java.io.*;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;/** * @author leno 使用servlet导出动态生成的excel文件,数据可以来源于数据库 * 这样,浏览器客户端就可以访问该servlet得到一份用java代码动态生成的excel文件 */public class Export extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet {static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {File file = new File(getServletContext().getRealPath("WEB-INF/book.jpg"));response.setContentType("octets/stream");response.addHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=test.xls");// 测试图书ExportExcel<Book> ex = new ExportExcel<Book>();String[] headers = { "图书编号", "图书名称", "图书作者", "图书价格", "图书ISBN", "图书出版社","封面图片" };List<Book> dataset = new ArrayList<Book>();try {BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));byte[] buf = new byte[bis.available()];while ((bis.read(buf)) != -1) {// 将图片数据存放到缓冲数组中}dataset.add(new Book(1, "jsp", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567", "清华出版社",buf));dataset.add(new Book(2, "java编程思想", "brucl", 300.33f, "1234567","阳光出版社", buf));dataset.add(new Book(3, "DOM艺术", "lenotang", 300.33f, "1234567","清华出版社", buf));dataset.add(new Book(4, "c++经典", "leno", 400.33f, "1234567","清华出版社", buf));dataset.add(new Book(5, "c#入门", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567","汤春秀出版社", buf));OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();ex.exportExcel(headers, dataset, out);out.close();System.out.println("excel导出成功!");} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {doGet(request, response);}}
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Export</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/Export</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
而且同样的,拷贝一张小巧的图书图片命名为book.jpg放置到当前WEB根目录的/WEB-INF/下。部署好web工程,用浏览器访问Servlet看下效果吧!
我的访问地址是:http://localhost:8080/TestExportExcel/servlet/Export。看看是不是下载成功了。呵呵,您可以将下载到本地的excel报表用打印机打印出来,这样您就大功告成了。完事了我们就思考:我们发现,我们做的方法,不管是本地调用,还是在WEB服务器端用Servlet调用;不管是输出学生列表,还是图书列表信息,代码都几乎一样,而且这些数据我们很容器结合后台的DAO操作数据库动态获取。恩,类和方法的通用性和灵活性开始有点感觉了。好啦,祝您学习愉快!
生成的两个excel文档内容分别如下,第一个是测试学生,第二个是测试图书。
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现(照着文档操作,1个小时就搞定并且理解了)
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
- POI导出EXCEL经典实现
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