第九周-任务1-Complex类中运算符的重载

【题目】接第8周任务1，定义Complex类中的<<和>>运算符的重载，实现输入和输出，改造原程序中对运算结果显示方式，使程序读起来更自然。

【参考解答】

#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}Complex operator-();//实现输入、输出的运算符重载friend ostream& operator << (ostream& output,Complex& c);friend istream& operator >> (istream& input,Complex& c);//实现加减乘除的运算符重载friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);friend Complex operator+(double d1, Complex &c2);friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1, double d2);friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);friend Complex operator-(double d1, Complex &c2);friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1, double d2);friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);friend Complex operator*(double d1, Complex &c2);friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1, double d2);friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);friend Complex operator/(double d1, Complex &c2);friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1, double d2);private:double real;double imag;};//实现输出的运算符重载ostream& operator << (ostream& output,Complex& c){output<<"("<<c.real;if(c.imag>=0) output<<"+";  output<<c.imag<<"i)";    return output;}//实现输入的运算符重载istream& operator >> (istream& input,Complex& c){int a,b;char sign,i;do{cout<<"input a complex number(a+bi或a-bi):";input>>a>>sign>>b>>i;}while(!((sign=='+'||sign=='-')&&i=='i'));c.real=a;c.imag=(sign=='+')?b:-b;return input;}Complex Complex::operator-(){return(0-*this);}//复数相加：(a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i. Complex operator+(Complex &c1, Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=c1.real+c2.real;c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;return c;}Complex operator+(double d1, Complex &c2){Complex c(d1,0);return c+c2; //按运算法则计算的确可以，但充分利用已经定义好的代码，既省人力，也避免引入新的错误，但可能机器的效率会不佳}Complex operator+(Complex &c1, double d2){Complex c(d2,0);return c1+c;}//复数相减：(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.Complex operator-(Complex &c1, Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=c1.real-c2.real;c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;return c;}Complex operator-(double d1, Complex &c2){Complex c(d1,0);return c-c2;  }Complex operator-(Complex &c1, double d2){Complex c(d2,0);return c1-c;}//复数相乘：(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac－bd)+(bc+ad)i.Complex operator*(Complex &c1, Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;c.imag=c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag;return c;}Complex operator*(double d1, Complex &c2){Complex c(d1,0);return c*c2;}Complex operator*(Complex &c1, double d2){Complex c(d2,0);return c1*c;}//复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i Complex operator/(Complex &c1, Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);return c;}Complex operator/(double d1, Complex &c2){Complex c(d1,0);return c/c2;}Complex operator/(Complex &c1, double d2){Complex c(d2,0);return c1/c;}int main(){Complex c1,c2,c3;double d=11;cout<<"c1: "<<endl;; cin>>c1;          cout<<"c2: "<<endl;cin>>c2;cout<<"c1="<<c1<<endl;cout<<"c2="<<c2<<endl;cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;cout<<"-c1="<<(-c1);c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2="<<c3<<endl;cout<<"c1+d="<<(c1+d)<<endl;cout<<"d+c1="<<(d+c1)<<endl;c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2="<<c3<<endl;cout<<"c1-d="<<(c1-d)<<endl;cout<<"d-c1="<<(d-c1)<<endl;c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2="<<c3<<endl;cout<<"c1*d="<<(c1*d)<<endl;cout<<"d*c1="<<(d*c1)<<endl;c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2="<<c3<<endl;cout<<"c1/d="<<(c1/d)<<endl;cout<<"d/c1="<<(d/c1)<<endl;system("pause");return 0;}