练习 jquery+Ajax+Json 绑定数据
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先看数据库结构和数据
html 代码
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm4.aspx.cs" Inherits="jquerytest.test1.WebForm4" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" ><head runat="server"> <title></title> <script src="../jquery-1.4.1-vsdoc.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $.ajax({ type: "get", dataType: "Json", url: "../Ashx/Handler1.ashx", start: function () { alert("开始获取数据了") }, complete: function () { alert("获取完了") }, success: function (data) { var t = eval(data); //强制转换一下json字符串，生成json对象 $.each(t, function (i, n) { var row = $("#template").clone(); //克隆模板，创建一个新数据行 for (attribute in n) { row.find("#" + attribute).html(n[attribute]); //循环json对象的属性，并赋值到数据行中对应的列，此处列的id就是相应的属性名称 } row.appendTo($("#testTable")); }); } }); });</script> </head><body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <table id="testTable" border="1"> <th style="width:30%">编号</th><th style="width:30%">标题</th><th style="width:30%">内容</th> <!--数据模板--> <!--其中每一列的id就是对应记录中的列名--> <tr id="template"> <td id="Id" style="width:30%"></td> <td id="title" style="width:30%"></td> <td id="intro" style="width:30%"></td> </tr> <!--数据模板--> </table> </div> </form></body></html>
JavaScriptSerializer 类
System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer
命名空间： System.Web.Script.Serialization
程序集： System.Web.Extensions（在 System.Web.Extensions.dll 中）
参考微软解说：http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.web.script.serialization.javascriptserializer.aspx
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Web;using System.Web.Script.Serialization;using System.Data; namespace tanyong.DB.JsonHelper{ /// <summary> /// JSON帮助类 /// </summary> public class JSONHelper { /// <summary> /// 对象转JSON /// </summary> /// <param name="obj">对象</param> /// <returns>JSON格式的字符串</returns> public static string ObjectToJSON(object obj) { JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer(); try { return jss.Serialize(obj); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("JSONHelper.ObjectToJSON(): " + ex.Message); } } /// <summary> /// 数据表转键值对集合 /// 把DataTable转成 List集合, 存每一行 /// 集合中放的是键值对字典,存每一列 /// </summary> /// <param name="dt">数据表</param> /// <returns>哈希表数组</returns> public static List<Dictionary<string, object>> DataTableToList(DataTable dt) { List<Dictionary<string, object>> list = new List<Dictionary<string, object>>(); foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows) { Dictionary<string, object> dic = new Dictionary<string, object>(); foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns) { dic.Add(dc.ColumnName, dr[dc.ColumnName]); } list.Add(dic); } return list; } /// <summary> /// 数据集转键值对数组字典 /// </summary> /// <param name="dataSet">数据集</param> /// <returns>键值对数组字典</returns> public static Dictionary<string, List<Dictionary<string, object>>> DataSetToDic(DataSet ds) { Dictionary<string, List<Dictionary<string, object>>> result = new Dictionary<string, List<Dictionary<string, object>>>(); foreach (DataTable dt in ds.Tables) result.Add(dt.TableName, DataTableToList(dt)); return result; } /// <summary> /// 数据表转JSON /// </summary> /// <param name="dataTable">数据表</param> /// <returns>JSON字符串</returns> public static string DataTableToJSON(DataTable dt) { return ObjectToJSON(DataTableToList(dt)); } /// <summary> /// JSON文本转对象,泛型方法 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">类型</typeparam> /// <param name="jsonText">JSON文本</param> /// <returns>指定类型的对象</returns> public static T JSONToObject<T>(string jsonText) { JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer(); try { return jss.Deserialize<T>(jsonText); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("JSONHelper.JSONToObject(): " + ex.Message); } } /// <summary> /// 将JSON文本转换为数据表数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="jsonText">JSON文本</param> /// <returns>数据表字典</returns> public static Dictionary<string, List<Dictionary<string, object>>> TablesDataFromJSON(string jsonText) { return JSONToObject<Dictionary<string, List<Dictionary<string, object>>>>(jsonText); } /// <summary> /// 将JSON文本转换成数据行 /// </summary> /// <param name="jsonText">JSON文本</param> /// <returns>数据行的字典</returns> public static Dictionary<string, object> DataRowFromJSON(string jsonText) { return JSONToObject<Dictionary<string, object>>(jsonText); } }}
建一个一般处理程序
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using tanyong.DB.JsonHelper;using System.Data;using System.Data.SqlClient;namespace jquerytest.Ashx{ /// <summary> /// $codebehindclassname$ 的摘要说明 /// </summary> public class Handler1 : IHttpHandler { public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain"; string sql = "select Id,title,intro from books"; DataTable table = SqlHelper.ExecuteDataTable(SqlHelper.connstr, CommandType.Text, sql,null); context.Response.Write(JSONHelper.DataTableToJSON(table)); } public bool IsReusable { get { return false; } } }}
SqlHelper
using System;using System.Configuration;using System.Data;using System.Data.SqlClient;using System.Collections;using System.Collections.Generic;namespace tanyong.DB.JsonHelper{ public class SqlHelper { public static readonly string connstr = "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=testDB1;User ID=sa;Password=sasa;Connect Timeout=30"; public static DataTable ExecuteDataTable(string connectionstring, CommandType cmdtype, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { DataSet ds = new DataSet(); using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionstring)) { SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(); System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); command.CommandText = commandText; command.CommandType = cmdtype; command.Connection = con; command.CommandTimeout = 1000 * 60 * 10; if (cmdParms != null) { command.Parameters.AddRange(cmdParms); } adapter.SelectCommand = command; adapter.Fill(ds, "tb"); } return ds.Tables["tb"]; } public static DataTable ExecuteDataTable(string connectionstring, CommandType cmdtype, string commandText, int timeout, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { DataSet ds = new DataSet(); using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionstring)) { SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(); System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); command.CommandText = commandText; command.CommandType = cmdtype; command.Connection = con; command.CommandTimeout = timeout; if (cmdParms != null) { command.Parameters.AddRange(cmdParms); } adapter.SelectCommand = command; adapter.Fill(ds, "tb"); } return ds.Tables["tb"]; } public static DataTable ExecuteM_LogDataTable(string connectionstring, CommandType cmdtype, string commandText) { DataSet ds = new DataSet(); using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionstring)) { SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(); System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); command.CommandText = commandText; command.CommandType = cmdtype; command.Connection = con; adapter.SelectCommand = command; adapter.Fill(ds, "tb"); } return ds.Tables["tb"]; } public static int InsertAndReturnID(string connectionstring, CommandType cmdtype, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionstring)) { SqlCommand myCommand = new SqlCommand(); conn.Open(); SqlTransaction myTrans = conn.BeginTransaction(); myCommand.Transaction = myTrans; try { PrepareCommand(myCommand, conn, null, cmdtype, commandText + ";select scope_identity();", cmdParms); Object o = myCommand.ExecuteScalar(); myCommand.Parameters.Clear(); myTrans.Commit(); return Convert.ToInt32(o); } catch (Exception e) { try { myTrans.Rollback(); return 0; } catch (SqlException ex) { return 0; } } finally { conn.Close(); } } } public static int ExecuteUpdate(string connectionstring, CommandType cmdtype, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionstring)) { try { SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); PrepareCommand(command, con, null, cmdtype, cmdText, cmdParms); int i = command.ExecuteNonQuery(); command.Parameters.Clear(); return i; } catch { return 0; } finally { con.Close(); } } } public static int ExecuteUpdateorInsertorDelete(SqlConnection con, CommandType cmdtype, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); PrepareCommand(command, con, null, cmdtype, cmdText, cmdParms); int i = command.ExecuteNonQuery(); command.Parameters.Clear(); con.Close(); return i; } public static int ExecuteUpdateorInsertorDelete(SqlTransaction trans, CommandType cmdtype, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); PrepareCommand(command, trans.Connection, trans, cmdtype, cmdText, cmdParms); int i = command.ExecuteNonQuery(); command.Parameters.Clear(); trans.Connection.Close(); return i; } public static Object ExecuteScalar(string connectionstring, CommandType cmdtype, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connstr)) { SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); PrepareCommand(command, con, null, cmdtype, cmdText, cmdParms); Object o = command.ExecuteScalar(); command.Parameters.Clear(); return o; } } public static Object ExecuteScalar(SqlConnection con, CommandType cmdtype, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); PrepareCommand(command, con, null, cmdtype, cmdText, cmdParms); Object o = command.ExecuteScalar(); command.Parameters.Clear(); return o; } public static int ExecuteScalar(SqlTransaction trans, CommandType cmdtype, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); PrepareCommand(command, trans.Connection, trans, cmdtype, cmdText, cmdParms); int i = command.ExecuteNonQuery(); command.Parameters.Clear(); return i; } private static void PrepareCommand(SqlCommand cmd, SqlConnection conn, SqlTransaction trans, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open) { conn.Open(); } cmd.Connection = conn; cmd.CommandText = cmdText; cmd.CommandType = cmdType; if (trans != null) { cmd.Transaction = trans; } if (cmdParms != null) { foreach (SqlParameter sp in cmdParms) { if (sp.Value == null) sp.Value = DBNull.Value; } cmd.Parameters.AddRange(cmdParms); } } public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionstring, CommandType cmdtype, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionstring); try { PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdtype, cmdText, cmdParms); SqlDataReader rdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return rdr; } catch { conn.Close(); throw; } } public static DataSet ExecuteDataSet(string connectionstring, CommandType cmdtype, string commandText) { DataSet ds = new DataSet(); using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionstring)) { SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(); System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(); command.CommandText = commandText; command.CommandType = cmdtype; command.Connection = con; adapter.SelectCommand = command; adapter.Fill(ds); } return ds; } #region 带参数的DataSet查询 /// <summary> /// 执行存储过程 /// </summary> /// <param name="storedProcName">存储过程名</param> /// <param name="parameters">存储过程参数</param> /// <param name="tableName">DataSet结果中的表名</param> /// <returns>DataSet</returns> public static DataSet RunProcedure(string connectionString, string storedProcName, IDataParameter[] parameters, string tableName) { using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { DataSet dataSet = new DataSet(); connection.Open(); SqlDataAdapter sqlDA = new SqlDataAdapter(); sqlDA.SelectCommand = BuildQueryCommand(connection, storedProcName, parameters); sqlDA.Fill(dataSet, tableName); connection.Close(); return dataSet; } } /// <summary> /// 构建 SqlCommand 对象(用来返回一个结果集，而不是一个整数值) /// </summary> /// <param name="connection">数据库连接</param> /// <param name="storedProcName">存储过程名</param> /// <param name="parameters">存储过程参数</param> /// <returns>SqlCommand</returns> private static SqlCommand BuildQueryCommand(SqlConnection connection, string storedProcName, IDataParameter[] parameters) { SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(storedProcName, connection); command.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; foreach (SqlParameter parameter in parameters) { if (parameter != null) { // 检查未分配值的输出参数,将其分配以DBNull.Value. if ((parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) && (parameter.Value == null)) { parameter.Value = DBNull.Value; } command.Parameters.Add(parameter); } } return command; } #endregion }}
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