JSF---->自订转换器

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除了使用标准的转换器之外,您还可以自行定制您的转换器,您可以实作javax.faces.convert.Converter接口,这个接口有两个要实作的方法:

public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, String str); public String getAsString(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,Object obj);

简单的说,第一个方法会接收从客户端经由HTTP传来的字符串数据,您在第一个方法中将之转换为您的自订对象,这个自订对象将会自动设定给您指定的Bean对象;第二个方法就是将从您的Bean对象得到的对象转换为字符串,如此才能藉由HTTP传回给客户端。

直接以一个简单的例子来作说明,假设您有一个User类别:

User.java

package wsz.ncepu;public class User {private String firstName;private String lastName;public String getFirstName() {return firstName;}public void setFirstName(String firstName) {this.firstName = firstName;}public String getLastName() {return lastName;}public void setLastName(String lastName) {this.lastName = lastName;}}

这个User类别是我们转换器的目标对象,而您有一个GuestBean类别

GuestBean.java

package wsz.ncepu;public class GuestBean {private User user;public void setUser(User user) {this.user = user;}public User getUser() {return user;}}

这个Bean上的属性直接传回或接受User型态的参数,我们来实作一个简单的转换器,为HTTP字符串与User对象进行转换:一个简单的转换器,为HTTP字符串与User对象进行转换:

UserConverter.java

package wsz.ncepu;import javax.faces.component.UIComponent;import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;import javax.faces.convert.Converter;import javax.faces.convert.ConverterException;public class UserConverter implements Converter {public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,String str) throws ConverterException {String[] strs = str.split(",");User user = new User();try {user.setFirstName(strs[0]);user.setLastName(strs[1]);} catch (Exception e) {throw new ConverterException();}return user;}public String getAsString(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,Object obj) throws ConverterException {String firstName = ((User) obj).getFirstName();String lastName = ((User) obj).getLastName();return firstName + "," + lastName;}}

注册转换器时,需提供转换器识别(Converter ID)与转换器类别,

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE faces-config PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JavaServer Faces Config 1.0//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-facesconfig_1_0.dtd"><faces-config><navigation-rule><from-view-id>/*</from-view-id><navigation-case><from-outcome>show</from-outcome><to-view-id>/pages/index.jsp</to-view-id></navigation-case></navigation-rule><converter><converter-id>userConverter</converter-id><converter-class>wsz.ncepu.UserConverter</converter-class></converter><managed-bean><managed-bean-name>guest</managed-bean-name><managed-bean-class>wsz.ncepu.GuestBean</managed-bean-class><managed-bean-scope>session</managed-bean-scope></managed-bean></faces-config>

接下来要在JSF页面中使用转换器的话,就是指定所要使用的转换器识别,

例如:index.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f"%><%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h"%><%@page contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"%><f:view><html><head><title>自订转换器</title></head><body>Guest名称是:<b> <h:outputText value="#{guest.user}" converter="userConverter" /></b><h:form><h:inputText id="userField" value="#{guest.user}"><f:converter converterId="userConverter" /></h:inputText><h:message for="userField" style="color:red" /><br><h:commandButton value="送出" action="show" /></h:form></body></html></f:view>

也可以<f:converter>卷标并使用converterId属性来指定转换器

结果如下:

 除了向JSF注册转换器之外,还有一个方式可以不用注册,就是直接在Bean上提供一个取得转换器的方法,例如 

package wsz.ncepu; import javax.faces.convert.Converter; public class GuestBean {    private User user;    private Converter converter = new UserConverter();    public void setUser(User user) {        this.user = user;    }    public User getUser() {        return user;    }    public Converter getConverter() {        return converter;    } }

之后可以直接结合 JSF Expression Language 来指定转换器:

<h:inputText id="userField" value="#{guest.user}" converter="#{guest.converter}"/>