nginx安装与配置

系统环境：CentOS 5.6 64位，下载nginx安装包。

 

1、安装前，需要安装的软件包：

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake

 

yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel

 

2、安装nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.2.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.2.1/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

make

make install

 

3、启动与停止nginx

启动：usr/local/sbin/nginx

停止：pkill -9 nginx

 

4、根据需要修改文件：nginx.conf（默认路径为：/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf）

 

#使用的用户和组

user www www;

#指定工作衍生进程数（一般等于CPU的总核数或总核数的两倍，例如两个四核CPU,则总核数为8）

worker_processes 8;

#指定错误日志存放的路径，错误日志记录级别可选项为：[debug|info|notice|warn|error|crit]

error_log logs/error.log crit;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#指定PID存放的路径

pid logs/nginx.pid;

#指定文件描述符数量

 

worker_rlimit_nofile 50000;

 

events {

 #使用的网络I/O模型，Linux系统推荐采用epoll模型，FreeBSD 系统推荐采用kqueue模型

    use epoll;

 #允许的连接数

    worker_connections 50000;

}

 

 

http {

    include mime.types;

    default_type application/octet-stream;

    #设置使用的字符集，如果一个网站有多种字符集，请不要随便设置，应让程序员在html代码中通过meta标签设置

 

    #charset gb2312;

 

    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

    client_header_buffer_size 32k;

    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

 

    #设置客户端能够上传的文件大小

    client_max_body_size 8m;

 

    sendfile on;

    tcp_nopush on;

    keepalive_timeout 65;

 

    tcp_nodelay on; 

 

    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

    fastcgi_buffer_size 64K;

    fastcgi_buffers 4 64K;

    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128K;

    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

 

    #开启gzip压缩

    gzip on;

    gzip_min_length 1k;

    gzip_buffers 4 16k;

    gzip_http_version 1.1;

    gzip_comp_level 2;

    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

    gzip_vary on;

 

    log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" ';

 

    access_log logs/access.log access;

 

    server {

        listen 80;

        server_name 127.0.0.1;

 

        #index index.html index.htm index.php

        #root /data0/htdocs;

        #charset koi8-r;

 

        #access_log logs/host.access.log main;

 

        location / {

            root html;

            #root /var/www/web;#应用存在路径

            index index.html index.htm index.php;

        }

 

        #error_page 404 /404.html;

 

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

        #

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

            root html;

        }

 

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

        #

        #location ~ \.php$ {

        # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;

        #}

 

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

        #

        #location ~ \.php$ {

        # root html;

        # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

        # fastcgi_index index.php;

        # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

        # include fastcgi_params;

        #}

 

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

        # concurs with nginx's one

        #

        #location ~ /\.ht {

        # deny all;

        #}              

        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

        {

           expires 30d;

        }

 

        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

        {

           expires 1h;

        } 

    }

 

 

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

    #

    #server {

    # listen 8000;

    # listen somename:8080;

    # server_name somename alias another.alias;

 

    # location / {

    # root html;

    # index index.html index.htm;

    # }

    #}

 

    # HTTPS server

    #

    #server {

    # listen 443;

    # server_name localhost;

    # ssl on;

    # ssl_certificate cert.pem;

    # ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

    # ssl_session_timeout 5m;

    # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;

    # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

    # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

    # location / {

    # root html;

    # index index.html index.htm;

    # }

    #}

}

 

5、检验文件：nginx.conf是否出错的：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

修改/conf/nginx.conf 文件后，查检是否正确，如正确，显示：

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

 

6、修改文件nginx.conf后，可以平滑重启nginx服务：kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

 

7、需要定时转移日志文件：/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log

这个日志文件时间久了会比较大，转移的脚本如下：

#!/bin/sh

logs_path="/usr/local/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date +%Y)/$(date +%m)/

mv ${logs_path}access.log  ${logs_path}$(date +%Y)/$(date +%m)/access_$(date +%Y%m%d).log

Kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

 

注：

Kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`  重新打开日志文件，在切割日志时用途较大。