java中使用oracle数据库

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首先需要将oracle的jar包导入到项目中，将E:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\jdbc\lib路径下的classes12.jar包都导入项目。

一、最简单的使用方法：

package blog;

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;

public class AddStudentDao implements IAddStudentDao {

   @Override
   public boolean addStudent(AddStudentForm studentForm) {
       //使用JDBC操作数据
       Connection conn = null;
       PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
       //1、首先注册具体数据库的驱动包

       try {
           Driver myDriver = (Driver) Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance();


       //2、利用DriverManager获取数据库连接对象Connection
           Properties properties = new Properties();
           properties.put("user", "xzf");
           properties.put("password", "1234");
           conn = myDriver.connect("jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl",properties);

           String sql = " insert into students values(?   ,? ,? ,?)";

           System.out.println("major: " + studentForm.getMajor());
           pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
           pstmt.setInt(1,studentForm.getsId());
           pstmt.setString(2, studentForm.getsName());
           pstmt.setString(3, studentForm.getMajor());
           pstmt.setInt(4, studentForm.getScore());

           int count = pstmt.executeUpdate();
           System.out.println("影响行数：" + count);


       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }finally{
           try {
               if(pstmt!=null)pstmt.close();
               if(conn!=null)conn.close();
           } catch (SQLException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
       return true;
   }

}

二、使用连接池DBUtil:

1、先创建DBUtil类：

package blog.util;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

import cn.itcast.exception.DBException;

public class DBUtil {

    private static DataSource ds = null;

    /**
     * 从数据库连接池获得一个数据库连接
     * @return 数据库连接
     * @throws DBException
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() throws DBException {

       //用数据库连接池的方式实现,JNDI
       try {
           if(ds == null){
               Context context = new InitialContext();
               ds = (DataSource) context.lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/orcl");
           }

           return ds.getConnection();
       } catch (NamingException e) {
           throw new DBException("数据库连接池查找失败", e);
       } catch (SQLException e) {
           throw new DBException("获取数据库连接异常", e);
       }

    }

    public static PreparedStatement getPreparedStatement(Connection conn, String sql) throws DBException {
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new DBException("创建执行语句失败", e);
        }
        return pstmt;
    }

    public static PreparedStatement getPreparedStatement(Connection conn, String sql, int autoGenereatedKeys) throws DBException {
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql, autoGenereatedKeys);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new DBException("创建执行语句失败", e);
        }
        return pstmt;
    }

    public static Statement getStatement(Connection conn) throws DBException {
        Statement stmt = null;
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                stmt = conn.createStatement();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new DBException("创建执行语句失败", e);
        }
        return stmt;
    }

    public static ResultSet getResultSet(Statement stmt, String sql) throws DBException {
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            if (stmt != null) {
                rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new DBException("获得查询结果集失败：" + sql, e);
        }
        return rs;
    }

    public static void executeUpdate(Statement stmt, String sql) throws DBException {
        try {
            if (stmt != null) {
                stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new DBException("更新失败：" + sql, e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 归还数据库连接
     * @param conn 数据库连接实例
     * @throws DBException
     */
    public static void close(Connection conn) throws DBException {
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                conn.close(); //把数据库连接归还到数据库连接池，并不是真正的断开数据库的连接
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new DBException("关闭数据库连接异常", e);
        }
    }

    public static void close(Statement stmt) throws DBException {
        try {
            if (stmt != null) {
                stmt.close();
                stmt = null;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new DBException("关闭数据库语句异常", e);
        }
    }

    public static void close(ResultSet rs) throws DBException {
        try {
            if (rs != null) {
                rs.close();
                rs = null;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new DBException("关闭数据库结果集异常", e);
        }
    }
}

2、在META-INF下创建一个Context.xml文件，内容如下：

3、在web.xml中加入如下内容：

<resource-ref>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/orcl</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>

4、将oracle的classes12.jar包加入tomcat的lib目录下。

这样就可以使用DBUtil了：Connection conn =DBUtil.getConnection();