gcc

Notice:

1、-v和--version的作用并不总是一致；

2、

(Display compiler version information)

$ gcc --version

gcc (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.4-14ubuntu5) 4.4.5
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

 (Display the programs invoked by the compiler编译器将会调用到的程序)

$ gcc -v 

Using built-in specs.
Target: x86_64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.4-14ubuntu5' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-shared --enable-multiarch --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-objc-gc --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.5 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.4-14ubuntu5)

$ gcc --help

Usage: gcc [options] file...
Options:
  -pass-exit-codes         Exit with highest error code from a phase
  --help                   Display this information
  --target-help            Display target specific command line options
  --help={target|optimizers|warnings|params|[^]{joined|separate|undocumented}}[,...]
                           Display specific types of command line options

(Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes)

sub-processes的命令行选项

--version                Display compiler version information

$ gcc --version
gcc (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.4-14ubuntu5) 4.4.5
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

-dumpspecs               Display all of the built in spec strings

-dumpversion             Display the version of the compiler

$ gcc -dumpversion
4.4.5

-dumpmachine             Display the compiler's target processor

$ gcc -dumpmachine
x86_64-linux-gnu

-print-search-dirs       Display the directories in the compiler's search path

$ gcc -print-search-dirs
install: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/
programs: =/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/bin/
libraries: =/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../../lib/:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/../lib/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/lib/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/

-print-libgcc-file-name  Display the name of the compiler's companion library

$ gcc -print-libgcc-file-name
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.5/libgcc.a

-print-file-name=<lib>   Display the full path to library <lib>

显示lib的全路径

-print-prog-name=<prog>  Display the full path to compiler component <prog>

显示编译器组件prog的全路径

-print-multi-directory   Display the root directory for versions of libgcc

-print-multi-lib         Display the mapping between command line options and multiple library search directories

-print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries

-print-sysroot           Display the target libraries directory

-print-sysroot-headers-suffix Display the sysroot suffix used to find headers

-Wa,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the assembler

给汇编器传递options
-Wp,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the preprocessor

给预处理器传递options
-Wl,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the linker

给链接器传递options

-Xassembler <arg>        Pass <arg> on to the assembler

给汇编器传递参数
-Xpreprocessor <arg>     Pass <arg> on to the preprocessor

给预处理器传递参数
-Xlinker <arg>           Pass <arg> on to the linker

给链接器传递参数

-combine                 Pass multiple source files to compiler at once
-save-temps              Do not delete intermediate files
-pipe                    Use pipes rather than intermediate files
-time                    Time the execution of each subprocess

记录每个subprocess的执行时间

-specs=<file>            Override built-in specs with the contents of <file>
-std=<standard>          Assume that the input sources are for <standard>
--sysroot=<directory>    Use <directory> as the root directory for headers and libraries

-B <directory>           Add <directory> to the compiler's search paths

为搜索路径添加目录
-b <machine>             Run gcc for target <machine>, if installed

运行指定目标machine的gcc
-V <version>             Run gcc version number <version>, if installed

运行指定version的gcc

-v                       Display the programs invoked by the compiler
-###                     Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed

-E                       Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link

预处理，不编译，不汇编，不链接
-S                       Compile only; do not assemble or link

编译，不汇编，不链接
-c                       Compile and assemble, but do not link

编译，汇编，不链接
-o <file>                Place the output into <file>

指定生成的可执行文件的名字为file
-x <language>            Specify the language of the following input files
                           Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none, 'none' means revert to the default behavior of guessing the language based on the file's extension


Options starting with -g, -f, -m, -O, -W, or --param are automatically passed on to the various sub-processes invoked by gcc.  In order to pass other options on to these processes the -W<letter> options must be used.

给subprocess传递参数


For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs>.