word6_1

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common        [5kCmEn]               a.       1.普通的,平常的 2.共有的,公用的

commonplace [5kCmEnpleis]          a. 1.平凡的 2.陈腐的

commonwealth [5kCmEnwelW]         n.            共和国,联邦,共同体

 

 

 

conserve [kEn5sE:v]               vt.       1.保存,保重 

2.节约或节省地使用,避免浪费:

例:    conserve our nationalheritage

保护我们的民族遗产

conserve energy 节约能源

conservation [7kCnsE(:)5veiFEn]                n.     1.保护,保存 2.节约(自然资源)

conservative [kEn5sE:vEtiv]                 a.     1.保守的,守旧的 2.保守党的

                                             n.     1.保守主义者 2. [Conservative ]保守党员

3.稳健派 4.防腐剂,保护料

例:  Conservative party (英国的)保守党

a conservativeestimate审慎的估计

conversation [7kCnvE5seiFEn]            n.        谈话

 

1. Conservation should, therefore, bemade a part of everyone’s daily life. (CET-6, 1993.6, Passage2, Paragraph 3)

因此环保必须成为每个人日常生活的一部分。

 

2. To conserve is tosave and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition thatothers may also share the enjoyment. (CET-6, 1993.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 1)

环保意味着节省和保护,把我们在如此好的条件下享用的东西也留予他人分享。

 

3. Some home scholars want their childrento learn not only traditional subject matter but also strict religious doctrineand aconservative political and social perspective.(CET-6, 1998.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 7)

一些家庭教育者想让他们的孩子不仅学会传统的科目,而且学习严格的宗教教义和保守的政治和社会理念。

 

 

 

can [kAn]                         vt.       装进罐中,把食品装罐                  

n.        罐头,铁罐

                                              conj.    能,可以

canal [kE5nAl]                      n.        1.运河 2. (人体的)管道

cancel [5kAnsEl]                    vt.        取消,删去

cancellation [kAnsE5leiFEn]                  n.     取消

cancer [5kAnsE]                         n.        癌,毒瘤

candidate [5kAndidit]                     n.      候选人, 投考者

candle [5kAndl]                        n.        蜡烛              vt.     对着光检查

candler [5kAndlE]                   n.        烛台

candy [5kAndi]                        n.        糖果, 冰糖         v.蜜饯,糖煮(水果)

canon [5kAnEn]                     n.         1.教会法教规,教规

2. (基督教的)正典圣经(简称正经)

                                                             3.(作家的)真作,经典

4.在大教堂中任职的教士

1. But biological parents aren’t alwayspreferable to adoptive ones,andbiological parentage does not convey an absolute ownership thatcancelsall the rights of children. (CET-4, 2003.6, Passage 4, Paragraph 6)

但是,亲生父母并不总是比养父母优越,亲生父母也并不能享有绝对的所有权而完全不顾孩子的权利。

 

2. Lastweek the agency cancelled its earlier approval,effectively banning (禁止) the device. (CET-4, 1991.6,Passage 3, Paragraph 1)

上周,管理局撤消了之前的批准,禁止了它的使用。

 

 

 

charge [tFB:dV]                       v.       1.控告,指责 2.要价,收费3.充电

4.冲锋,袭击

n.       1.费用 2.控告 3.主管 4.电荷 5.冲锋,袭击

discharge [dis5tFB:dV]                            v.       1.排出,发射,流出,放(电)

2.释放,遣散,解雇

n.       1.解除 2.排出,发射,流出,放(电)

1. “Intelligent”people do not have N.B.D.’s because they are in charge ofthemselves. (CET-6,2001.1, Passage 4, Paragraph 3)

“明智”之人不会让自己神经失常,因为他们能把握自己。

 

2. Takingcharge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalentmyths. (CET-6, 2001.1,Passage 4, Paragraph 1)

把握自我得让那些盛行的荒诞说法靠边站。

 

3. In 1993, New York State ordered stores to chargea deposit on beverage(饮料)containers. (CET-4, 2001.1,Passage 4, Paragraph 1)

1993年,纽约州颁布规定,要求所有的商店必须对饮料容器收取押金。

 

 

 

launch [lC:ntF]                        v.       1.发动 2.发射3.使(船)下水

lunch [lQntF]                         n.        午餐,午饭

luncheon [5lQntFEn]                 n.        午宴, 正式的午餐(:多用于应用文邀请信)

 

“TheApollo Ⅱ moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent ofthe time.” (CET-4, 1995.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 4)

阿波罗二号登月在90%的情况下是轻微偏离轨道的。

 

 

 

confirm [kEn5fE:m]                vt.      1.确认,批准 2.使更坚固3.(进一步)证实

affirm [E5fE:m]                         vt.       断言

affirmative [E5fE:mEtiv]                 a.        肯定的

firm [fE:m]                              a.       1.严格的 2.稳定的3.坚定的 n.商行,公司

 

Peopletend to be more impressed by evidence that seems to confirmsomerelationship. (CET-4, 1995.1, Passage 1, Paragraph1)

人们通常会对一些能够证明有关系存在的东西比较注意。

 

 

 

define [di5fain]                     vt.       1.限定,规定 2.给……下定义

definite [5definit]                       a.       1.明确的 2.限定的

definition [7defi5niFEn]                    n.        定义,释义

infinite [5infinit]                            a.        无限的,无穷的

infinity [in5finiti]                    n.   1.无限 2.大量

fine [fain]                             a.       1.优秀的 2.纤细的3.晴朗的4.健康的

v.        罚款

finance [fai5nAns]                   n.        财政,金融           vt.          提供资金

financial [fai5nAnFEl]                    a.        财政的,金融的

refine [ri5fain]                         vt.       提纯,精炼

refinery [ri5fainEri]                       n.        精炼厂,提炼厂

confine [5kCnfain]                          vt.      1.局限,限制 2.管制,禁闭

It gave rise to mass production and,through mass production, to a society in which wealthwas not confinedto the few. (CET-6, 1996.6, Passage 3, Paragraph 3)

 

 

 

district [5distrikt]                      n.        区,行政区,地区

strict       [strikt]                             a.        1.严格的,严厉的 (规则或行为)

2.精确的,完整的

例:    a strict analysis精确的分析

restrict [ris5trikt]                      vt.       限制,约束

restriction [ris5trikFEn]               n.     1.限制,约束 2. (pl.)限制性规定

 

1. They cannotcare for the present restricted and inadequate system. (CET-6,2003.6, Passage 3, Paragraph 3)

他们无法顾及到当前有限的、不足的系统。

 

2. We all enjoyour freedom of choice and do not like to see it restrictedwhenit is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. (CET-6, 1993.6, Passage 4, Paragraph 1)

我们都喜欢自由选择,不喜欢在社会的法律、道德框架内使自己的选择受限。

 

 

 

constrain [kEn5strein]                  vt.      强迫,抑制,拘束

restrain [ris5trein]                      vt.      1.控制,抑制 2.制止

restraint [ris5treint]               n.        抑制,制止

strain [strein]                                      v.       1.拉紧,拉直 2.紧张,尽力3.拉伤,扭伤

n.       1.紧张,过多的疲劳 2.张力,应变

refrain [ri5frein]                        n.       重复,叠句

v.        节制,避免,制止

train [trein]                          n.        1.火车  

2. (一)行, (一)串,系列,(思想的)连续

                                              v.       训练

1. Yet this leads to long-term dependencyand perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries’economies. (CET-6,1998.6, Passage 1, Paragraph 4)

然而这会造成长期依赖并可能形成对发展中国家经济的永久束缚。

 

2. It is easier to negotiate initial salaryrequirement because once you are inside, the organizationalconstraintsinfluence wage increases. (CET-4, 2004.1, Passage 2, Paragraph 1)

协商起薪水平更容易一些,因为一旦进入公司,组织的约束力会影响工资的增加。

 

3. Everyone agrees a system that is feeling the strain afterrapid expansion needs a lot more money—but there is little hope of getting it from the taxpayer and notmuch scope for attracting more finance from business. (CET-6, 1999.6, Passage3, Paragraph 4)

所有人都明白,规模迅速膨胀的大学教育需要更多的钱来缓解压力以维持运转——然而,从纳税人那儿得到这些钱几乎没有希望,同时也不大可能从商界吸引到太多的财政支持。

 

4. Allthis imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, butin spite of this some students still find time for great activity in studentaffairs. (CET-4, 1990.1, Passage 2, Paragraph 2)

这就给学生一定的压力和学业的负担,但是尽管如此,有些学生仍有时间从事学生团体的活动。

 

 

 

abrupt [E5brQpt]                    a.       1.突然的,意外的

 2.(举止,言谈等)唐突的,鲁莽的

3.(有时指文章)不通顺的

bankrupt [5bANkrQpt]                vt.   使破产           n.     破产者a.      破产的

corrupt [kE5rQpt]                                     v.       1.贿赂,收买 2.(使)腐败  

                                              a.     腐化的,贪污的

erupt [i5rQpt]                       vi.       (尤指火山)喷出,爆发

interrupt [7intE5rQpt]                 v.       1.打断(话) 2.中断,阻碍

disrupt [dis5rQpt]                            v.     使中断,使分裂,使瓦解,

使陷于混乱, 破坏

(: 词干rupt有 “破,破坏”的意思)

1. Earthscientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used thesystem for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcaniceruption(爆发)for the first time and that they plansimilar studies. (CET-4, 2002.6, Passage 3, Paragraph 4)

地球科学家最近在一次新闻发布会上宣布他们首次利用这个系统对一次深海的火山爆发进行了密切监测,他们计划继续进行类似的研究。

 

2. The buying binge (无节制) has become as important aswatching Old Faithful fountainserupt in Yellowstone Parkor sunbathing on a beach in Florida. (CET-6, 1998.1, Passage 4, Paragraph 4)

毫无节制的消费已经变得和在黄石国家公园观看Old Faithful喷泉和在佛罗里达海滩观赏落日一样重要。

 

 

 

touch [tQtF]                            n.       1.联系 2.接触3. 一点儿

                                              v.      1.触摸2.感动3.涉及到

例:    a touch of fever 有点发烧

touching [5tQtFiN]                      a.        令人感动的

 

 

 

denial [di5naiEl]                     n. 1.拒绝,拒绝给予 2.否认

deny [di5nai]                       vt.      1.拒绝给予 2.否认

defy [di5fai]                        vt.   1.(公然)违抗,蔑视 2.向……挑战

 

1. Attempts to prevent pollution by legislation,economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personaland industrialdenial and long delays—not only in acceptingresponsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it. (CET-6,1999.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 1)

通过立法、经济刺激和善意劝说等防止污染的努力遇到诉讼、个人和企业的否认及旷日持久的拖延——不仅在接受责任方面,更重要的是在有关其处理方面。

 

2. Long after the 1998 World Cup waswon, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判) decisions thatdeniedvictory to their team. (CET-4, 2000.6, Passage 1, Paragraph1)

98年世界杯足球赛结束后很久了,失望的球迷还是在责怪那些有争议的裁判,这些有争议的裁决使他们的球队没有获胜。