进程管理

1.getpid()获得调用进程的IDpid_t getpid (void);2.getppid()获得调用进程的父IDpid_t getppid (void);3.exec()启动进程int execl (const char *path, const char *arg, ...);int execlp (const char *file, const char *arg, ...);int execle (const char *path, const char *arg, ..., char * const envp[]);int execv (const char *path, char *const argv[]);int execvp (const char *file, char *const argv[]);int execve (const char *filename, char *const argv[], char *const envp[]);4.fork()克隆进程pid_t fork (void);5.vfork()pid_t vfork (void);6.exit()终止进程void exit (int status);7.atexit()注册进程终止前调用的函数int atexit (void (*function)(void));8.wait()等待进程终止，返回进程信息pid_t wait (int *status);9.waitpid()等待特定子进程pid_t waitpid (pid_t pid, int *status, int options);10.waitid()等待特定子进程int waitid (idtype_t idtype, id_t id, siginfo_t *infop, int options);11.system()创建并等待一个新进程int system (const char *command);12.改变实际用户ID/组ID和保存设置的用户ID/组IDint setuid (uid_t uid);int setgid (gid_t gid);13.改变有效用户ID/组IDint seteuid (uid_t euid);int setegid (gid_t egid);14.获取实际用户ID/组IDuid_t getuid (void);gid_t getgid (void);15.获取有效用户ID/组IDuid_t geteuid (void);gid_t getegid (void);16.setsid()创建新的会话pid_t setsid (void);17.getsid()获取会话IDpid_t getsid (pid_t pid);18.daemon()创建守护进程int daemon (int nochdir, int noclose);