JDBC驱动

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JDBC是什么?
JDBC是一组编程API,使用JDBC,java程序可以很容易的访问多种数据库（尤其是关系型数据库）.下面是java.sql包中一些核心JDBC类、接口以及异常.
1. DriverManager
2. Connection
3. Statement
4. PreparedStatement
5. CallableStatement
6. ResultSet
7. SQLException

JDBC驱动是什么?

1. JDBC驱动可以将java应用程序或客户端连接SQL数据库
2. JDBC驱动是一个实现了java.sql.Driver接口的类
3. JDBC驱动将程序语言转换成特定数据库可以识别的语言

使用Class.forName()加载JDBC驱动
String className = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";
Class driverObject = Class.forName(className);

import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;import java.sql.Statement;public class Main {  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {    Connection conn = getHSQLConnection();    Statement st = conn.createStatement();    st.executeUpdate("create table survey (id int,name varchar(30));");    st.executeUpdate("insert into survey (id,name ) values (1,'nameValue')");    st = conn.createStatement();    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM survey");    ResultSetMetaData rsMetaData = rs.getMetaData();    int numberOfColumns = rsMetaData.getColumnCount();    System.out.println("resultSet MetaData column Count=" + numberOfColumns);    rs.close();    st.close();    conn.close();  }  private static Connection getHSQLConnection() throws Exception {    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:mem:data/tutorial";    return DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");  }}

使用DriverManager.registerDriver()

try {   DriverManager.registerDriver(new org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver());}catch (SQLException e) {   e.printStackTrace();}

测试Oracle JDBC驱动的安装

public class MainClass {  public static void main(String[] args) {    try {      String className = "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";      Class driverObject = Class.forName(className);      System.out.println("driverObject=" + driverObject);      System.out.println("your installation of JDBC Driver OK.");    }    catch (Exception e) {      System.out.println("Failed: JDBC Driver Error: " + e.getMessage());    }  }}

测试MySql JDBC驱动的安装

public class MainClass {  public static void main(String[] args) {    try {      String className = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";      Class driverObject = Class.forName(className);      System.out.println("driverObject=" + driverObject);      System.out.println("your installation of JDBC Driver OK.");    } catch (Exception e) {      System.out.println("Failed: JDBC Driver Error: " + e.getMessage());    }  }}