初学mfc

本科的时候看翔哥在那啃MFC，感觉真特么bt，好厚一本书，看了不知多久也没见他啃出个什么阶段性成果来，导致我一直对MFC抱有抵触心理。

结果现在没办法了，一个实验的准备部分，要在桌面跑一个图片时钟。用matlab方便倒是很方便，但效率着实不高，没法加快到几十毫秒一帧。于是老板开口了，那就用C++做吧...好吧，那就用opengl做吧....同学说这个用mfc很简单....好吧，其实倒是真的非常简单，只是对于完全没摸过mfc的我来说，还是折腾了三天才搞出来...中间各种拖延浪费时间啊。

现在才是真的感觉到初学一门技术而且要马上要应用时多么蛋疼的感觉。真是别人几个小时就可以搞定的，边查边学边写就要折腾好久，不过好歹记录一下，以后就能少浪费点时间。mfc的基础知识....先贴一个http://fl2012.blog.51cto.com/5207998/891572

然后主要的两个点，一个是设置定时器，很简单。另一个是画图，其实也很简单！但是就是这么简单的俩东西就折腾了我两天多！！定时刷新有一个闪烁的问题。查了又查，发现主要还是背景重绘的问题，把OnEraseBkgnd函数重载，直接返回true，之后就没有闪烁问题了~开始还想着双缓冲的方法来搞定....弄了一会儿，也没弄明白，索性就不弄了，还是直接重载OnEraseBkgnd来得简单。那个位图拼接的也没弄清楚。就这样吧....

// TimeGeneratorDlg.h : 头文件//#pragma once#include "DigitalClock.h"// CTimeGeneratorDlg 对话框class CTimeGeneratorDlg : public CDialogEx{private:double sTime,eTime,time;int m_timeNum[9];int m_hour,m_minute,m_second,m_mSecond;CRect m_timeRect;// 构造public:CTimeGeneratorDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);// 标准构造函数// 对话框数据enum { IDD = IDD_TIMEGENERATOR_DIALOG };protected:virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);// DDX/DDV 支持DigitalClock m_DigClock;//2012.9.19CRect m_rect;//2012.9.19// 实现protected:HICON m_hIcon;// 生成的消息映射函数virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);afx_msg void OnPaint();afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon();afx_msg void OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent);//2012.9.19加入定时器afx_msg void OnSize(UINT nType,int cx, int cy);//2012.9.19DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()public:afx_msg void OnStnClickedStatic1();private:void TimeShow();public:afx_msg BOOL OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC);//重载屏蔽了这个函数，不进行背景重绘};

// TimeGeneratorDlg.cpp : 实现文件//#include "stdafx.h"#include "TimeGenerator.h"#include "TimeGeneratorDlg.h"#include "afxdialogex.h"#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#endif// 用于应用程序“关于”菜单项的 CAboutDlg 对话框class CAboutDlg : public CDialogEx{public:CAboutDlg();// 对话框数据enum { IDD = IDD_ABOUTBOX };protected:virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);    // DDX/DDV 支持// 实现protected:DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()};CAboutDlg::CAboutDlg() : CDialogEx(CAboutDlg::IDD){}void CAboutDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX){CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutDlg, CDialogEx)END_MESSAGE_MAP()// CTimeGeneratorDlg 对话框CTimeGeneratorDlg::CTimeGeneratorDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/): CDialogEx(CTimeGeneratorDlg::IDD, pParent){m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);sTime = eTime = 0;m_hour = m_minute = m_second = m_mSecond = 0;m_timeRect.bottom = 350;m_timeRect.top = 240;m_timeRect.left = 40;m_timeRect.right = 700;}void CTimeGeneratorDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX){CDialogEx::DoDataExchange(pDX);//DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_STATIC1, m_DigClock);//2012.9.19}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CTimeGeneratorDlg, CDialogEx)ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()ON_WM_PAINT()ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()ON_WM_TIMER()//2012.9.19ON_WM_SIZE()//2012.9.19ON_WM_ERASEBKGND()END_MESSAGE_MAP()// CTimeGeneratorDlg 消息处理程序BOOL CTimeGeneratorDlg::OnInitDialog(){CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();ShowWindow(SW_MAXIMIZE);//窗口最大化// 将“关于...”菜单项添加到系统菜单中。// IDM_ABOUTBOX 必须在系统命令范围内。ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);if (pSysMenu != NULL){BOOL bNameValid;CString strAboutMenu;bNameValid = strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(bNameValid);if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty()){pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);}}// 设置此对话框的图标。当应用程序主窗口不是对话框时，框架将自动//  执行此操作SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);// 设置大图标SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);// 设置小图标// TODO: 在此添加额外的初始化代码//this-> ShowWindow(SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED);GetClientRect(&m_rect);SetTimer(1,30,NULL);//2012.9.19 每隔30毫秒触发定时器return TRUE;  // 除非将焦点设置到控件，否则返回 TRUE}void CTimeGeneratorDlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam){if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX){CAboutDlg dlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();//显示about对话框}else{CDialogEx::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);}}// 如果向对话框添加最小化按钮，则需要下面的代码//  来绘制该图标。对于使用文档/视图模型的 MFC 应用程序，//  这将由框架自动完成。void CTimeGeneratorDlg::OnPaint(){if (IsIconic()){CPaintDC dc(this); // 用于绘制的设备上下文SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(dc.GetSafeHdc()), 0);// 使图标在工作区矩形中居中int cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;// 绘制图标dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);}else{TimeShow();CDialogEx::OnPaint();}}//当用户拖动最小化窗口时系统调用此函数取得光标//显示。HCURSOR CTimeGeneratorDlg::OnQueryDragIcon(){return static_cast<HCURSOR>(m_hIcon);}void CTimeGeneratorDlg::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent){double timet;sTime = GetTickCount();timet = sTime - eTime;CTime time=CTime::GetCurrentTime();m_hour=time.GetHour();m_minute=time.GetMinute();m_second=time.GetSecond();CString nCSMSecond;struct _timeb timebuffer;_ftime(&timebuffer);nCSMSecond.Format("%d",timebuffer.millitm);m_mSecond = atoi(nCSMSecond);//m_DigClock.SetBkColor(RGB(255,0,0));//m_DigClock.SetTextColor(RGB(0,255,0));//m_DigClock.SetClock(nHour,nMinute,nSecond,nMSecond);{m_timeNum[0] = m_hour / 10;m_timeNum[1] = m_hour % 10;m_timeNum[2] = m_minute / 10;m_timeNum[3] = m_minute % 10;m_timeNum[4] = m_second / 10;m_timeNum[5] = m_second % 10;m_timeNum[6] = m_mSecond / 100;m_timeNum[7] = (m_mSecond-(m_timeNum[6]*100)) / 10;m_timeNum[8] = (m_mSecond % 100) % 10;}//Invalidate();CRect rc;rc.bottom = 350;rc.top = 240;rc.left = 40;rc.right = 700;InvalidateRect(rc);//OnPaint();eTime = GetTickCount();time = eTime-sTime;CDialogEx::OnTimer(nIDEvent);}void CTimeGeneratorDlg::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy){CDialogEx::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);for(int i=1;i<=3;i++){CWnd *pWnd;pWnd = GetDlgItem(i);//获取ID为i的空间的句柄，因为“确认”ID为1，“取消”ID为2if(pWnd){CRect rect;pWnd->GetWindowRect(&rect);CRect r;pWnd->GetClientRect(&r);ScreenToClient(&rect);//将控件大小转换为在对话框中的区域坐标pWnd->MoveWindow(rect);//设置控件大小}}//GetClientRect(&m_rect);}void CTimeGeneratorDlg::TimeShow(){CPaintDC dc(this);CDC *mdc = new CDC;CString num;mdc->CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);CBitmap bitmap[5],bitmapAll;CString imgPath;for(int i=0;i<5;i++){num.Format("%d",m_timeNum[i+4]);//从秒开始imgPath = ("img\\bmp\\" + num + ".bmp");bitmap[i].m_hObject = (HBITMAP)::LoadImageA(NULL,imgPath,IMAGE_BITMAP,90,90,LR_LOADFROMFILE);}CRect rc;GetClientRect(&rc);dc.FillSolidRect(&rc,RGB(255,255,255));//设置背景色为白色//mdc->FillSolidRect(&m_timeRect,RGB(255,255,255));int xGap = 90 + 40;int x=50,y=250;for(int i=0;i<5;i++){mdc->SelectObject(bitmap[i]);dc.BitBlt(x+xGap*i,y,90,90,mdc,0,0,SRCCOPY);//绘图}bitmapAll.DeleteObject();delete mdc;}BOOL CTimeGeneratorDlg::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC){// TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值//return CDialogEx::OnEraseBkgnd(pDC);return true;//返回true，每次不进行背景重绘}

其实就是个在桌面跑的图片时钟....可随便改