Android中使用Animation实现控件的动画效果以及Interpolator和AnimationListener的使用

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Animation的4个基本动画效果

1、AlphaAnimation:淡入淡出效果

在代码中实现动画效果的方法: ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);AlphaAnimation alphaAnimation = new AlphaAnimation(0, 1);alphaAnimation.setDuration(1000);alphaAnimation.setStartOffset(10000);animationSet.addAnimation(alphaAnimation);//animationSet.setStartOffset(10000);animationSet.setFillBefore(false);animationSet.setFillAfter(true);imageView.startAnimation(animationSet); 在XML文件中实现动画效果的方法: ① 在res目录下创建一个anim文件夹,在里面添加一个alpha.xml文件: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"android:fillAfter="true"android:fillBefore="false"><alphaandroid:fromAlpha="1.0"android:toAlpha="0.0"android:startOffset="1000"android:duration="1000" /></set> ② 在Activity中使用AnimationUtils获取Animation并进行设置: Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.alpha);imageView.startAnimation(animation);


2、ScaleAnimation:缩放效果

在代码中实现动画效果: ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);ScaleAnimation scaleAnimation = new ScaleAnimation(1, 0.5f, 1, 0.5f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 1f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 1f);animationSet.addAnimation(scaleAnimation);animationSet.setDuration(1000);imageView.startAnimation(animationSet); 在XML文件中实现动画效果的方法: ① 在res的anim文件夹下,创建一个scale.xml文件: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"><scale android:fromXScale="1.0"android:toXScale="0.0"android:fromYScale="1.0"android:toYScale="0.0"android:pivotX="50%"android:pivotY="50%"android:duration="2000" /></set> ② 在Activity中使用AnimationUtils获取Animation并进行设置: Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.scale);imageView.startAnimation(animation);

3、Rotate:旋转效果

在代码中实现动画效果: ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);RotateAnimation rotateAnimation = new RotateAnimation(0, 360,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_PARENT, 0.5f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_PARENT, 0.5f);rotateAnimation.setDuration(1000);animationSet.addAnimation(rotateAnimation);imageView.startAnimation(animationSet); 在XML文件中实现动画效果的方法: ① 在res的anim文件夹下,创建一个rotate.xml文件: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"><rotate android:fromDegrees="0"android:toDegrees="+360"android:pivotX="50%"android:pivotY="50%"android:duration="1000" /></set> ② 在Activity中使用AnimationUtils获取Animation并进行设置: Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.rotate);imageView.startAnimation(animation);


4、 Translate:移动效果

在代码中实现动画效果: ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);TranslateAnimation translateAnimation = new TranslateAnimation(Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 1.0f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 1.0f);translateAnimation.setDuration(1000);animationSet.addAnimation(translateAnimation);imageView.startAnimation(animationSet); 在XML文件中实现动画效果的方法: ① 在res的anim文件夹下,创建一个translate.xml文件: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"><translateandroid:fromXDelta="0%p"android:toXDelta="100%p"android:fromYDelta="0%p"android:toYDelta="100%p"android:duration="1000" /></set> 其中100%p表示相对于父空间的位置 ② 在Activity中使用AnimationUtils获取Animation并进行设置: Animation animation = (Animation) AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.translate);imageView.startAnimation(animation);


也可以使用AnimationSet为一个控件添加多个动画,或者在xml文件中添加多个动画标签,以下分别使用代码和XML文件实现相同的效果:
代码中实现:
AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(false);AlphaAnimation alpha = new AlphaAnimation(1.0f, 0.0f);ScaleAnimation scale = new ScaleAnimation(1, 0.5f, 1, 0.5f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f);animationSet.addAnimation(alpha);animationSet.addAnimation(scale);animationSet.setDuration(2000);animationSet.setStartOffset(1000);animationSet.setFillAfter(true);imageView.startAnimation(animationSet);
XML实现:

alpha.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"android:shareInterpolator="true"android:fillAfter="true"><alphaandroid:fromAlpha="1.0"android:toAlpha="0.0"android:startOffset="1000"android:fillAfter="true"android:duration="2000" /><scale android:fromXScale="1.0"android:toXScale="0.5"android:fromYScale="1.0"android:toYScale="0.5"android:pivotX="50%"android:pivotY="50%"android:startOffset="1000"android:duration="2000" /></set>

Activity中的代码:

Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.alpha);imageView.startAnimation(animation);

Interpolator的使用

什么是Interpolator

public class
Interpolator
extends Object
Interpolator定义了动画变化的速率或规律,其具体的实现可以使用以下子类:


AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator:

public class
AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator
extends Object
implements Interpolator

An interpolator where the rate of change starts and ends slowly but accelerates through the middle.


AccelerateInterpolater:

public class
AccelerateInterpolator
extends Object
implements Interpolator

An interpolator where the rate of change starts out slowly and and then accelerates.


CycleInterpolator:

public class
CycleInterpolator
extends Object
implements Interpolator

Repeats the animation for a specified number of cycles. The rate of change follows a sinusoidal pattern.


DecelerateInterpolator:

public class
DecelerateInterpolator
extends Object
implements Interpolator

An interpolator where the rate of change starts out quickly and and then decelerates.


LinearInterpolator:

public class
LinearInterpolator
extends Object
implements Interpolator

An interpolator where the rate of change is constant.

这些Interpolator可以在代码或XML文件中定义:


XML文件定义在set标签里或每个动画标签

set标签中定义:

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"android:shareInterpolator="true"android:fillAfter="true">

每个动画标签中定义:

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"android:shareInterpolator="false"android:fillAfter="true"><alphaandroid:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"android:fromAlpha="1.0"android:toAlpha="0.0"android:startOffset="1000"android:fillAfter="true"android:duration="2000" /><scaleandroid:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator"android:fromXScale="1.0"android:toXScale="0.5"android:fromYScale="1.0"android:toYScale="0.5"android:pivotX="50%"android:pivotY="50%"android:startOffset="1000"android:duration="2000" /></set>


在代码中设置:

AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true);animationSet.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());

或者分别为每个动画设置:

AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(false);AlphaAnimation alpha = new AlphaAnimation(1.0f, 0.0f);alpha.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());ScaleAnimation scale = new ScaleAnimation(1, 0.5f, 1, 0.5f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f,Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF, 0.5f);scale.setInterpolator(new AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator());
Frame-By-Frame Animations的使用

① 准备4张图片run1.png,run2.png,run3.png,run4.png分别放到res的三个drawable文件夹中
② 在res的drawable-ldpi目录下创建一个anim_run.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><animation-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:oneshot="false"><item android:drawable="@drawable/run1" android:duration="100" /><item android:drawable="@drawable/run2" android:duration="100" /><item android:drawable="@drawable/run3" android:duration="100" /><item android:drawable="@drawable/run4" android:duration="100" /></animation-list>

③ 在Activity中使用xml文件设置ImageView控件imageView的背景源,并获取AnimationDrawable进行显示动画:

imageView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.anim_run);AnimationDrawable animationDrawable = (AnimationDrawable)imageView.getBackground();animationDrawable.start();

使用LayoutAnimationController设置ListView的动画

在使用LayoutAnimationController控制ListView控件的样式效果的方法:

① 在res的anim文件夹中创建一个list_anim.xml文件用于控制ListView控件的动画:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"android:shareInterpolator="true"><scale android:fromXScale="0.0"android:toXScale="1.0"android:fromYScale="0.0"android:toYScale="1.0"android:pivotX="50%"android:pivotY="50%"android:duration="1000" /></set>

② 创建一个布局文件item.xml用于设置ListView的item的样式:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:orientation="horizontal" android:paddingLeft="10dip"android:paddingRight="10dip" android:paddingTop="1dip"android:paddingBottom="1dip"><TextView android:id="@+id/user_name" android:layout_width="180dip"android:layout_height="30dip"android:textSize="10pt"android:singleLine="true" /><TextView android:id="@+id/user_id" android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:textSize="10pt"android:singleLine="true"/></LinearLayout>

③ 在主Activity的布局文件main.xml中添加一个ListView

<ListViewandroid:id="@id/android:list"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:scrollbars="vertical"android:layoutAnimation="@anim/anim_layout"/>

④ 创建一个MainActivity继承ListActivity,并在onCreate方法中添加如下代码:

ListView listView = getListView();List<HashMap<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();HashMap<String, String> hm1 = new HashMap<String, String>();hm1.put("user_name", "arthinking");hm1.put("user_id", "001");HashMap<String, String> hm2 = new HashMap<String, String>();hm2.put("user_name", "Jason");hm2.put("user_id", "002");list.add(hm1);list.add(hm2);SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, list,R.layout.item, new String[] { "user_name", "user_id" },new int[] { R.id.user_name, R.id.user_id });listView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);//通过Animation获取LayoutAnimationController对ListView进行设置Animation animation = (Animation)AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.list_anim);LayoutAnimationController lac = new LayoutAnimationController(animation);lac.setOrder(LayoutAnimationController.ORDER_NORMAL);lac.setDelay(0.5f);listView.setLayoutAnimation(lac);

这样,运行程序,显示的ListView就会按照xml文件中预置的动画效果显示了。

也可以通过xml文件进行设置动画:

① 在以上步骤的基础之上,在res/anim文件夹下创建一个anim_layout.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><layoutAnimation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:delay="1"android:animationOrder="normal"android:animation="@anim/list_anim" />

② main在布局文件的的ListView添加如下属性:

android:layoutAnimation="@anim/anim_layout"

这样就在把MainActivity的onCreate()方法中的
//通过Animation获取LayoutAnimationController对ListView进行设置
注释后的代码删除了,直接使用xml进行动画的控制。

AnimationListener的使用

① 可以为一个Button添加一个事件:

button.setOnClickListener(new TestAnimationListener());

② 接下来是编写这个TestAnimationListener类,继承AnimationListener,并覆盖里面的三个方法:

//这里获取控件组,R.id.layoutId为main.xml的整体布局标签的id属性值ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup)findViewById(R.id.layoutId);private class RemoveAnimationListener implements AnimationListener{//该方法在淡出效果执行结束之后被调用@Overridepublic void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {//假设这里要在动画执行完之后删除一个TextViewviewGroup.removeView(textView);}@Overridepublic void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {System.out.println("onAnimationRepeat");}@Overridepublic void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {System.out.println("onAnimationStart");}}

③ 同样的,在动画效果中添加控件可以按照如下实现

ScaleAnimation scale = new ScaleAnimation(1, 0.5f, 1, 0.5f,scale.setDuration(1000);scale.setStartOffset(100);TextView textView = new TextView(MainActivity.this);textView.setText("add");viewGroup.addView(textView, new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));textView.startAnimation(scale);


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