案例

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package com.hbsi.xml;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.Transform;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class Demo {
@Test
public void read(){
  try {
   //创建工厂
   DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   //通过创建的工厂，创建解析器
   DocumentBuilder db=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
   //获取document对象，对xml进行解析
   Document document=db.parse("src/Country.xml");

   //获取根节点
   NodeList list=document.getElementsByTagName("中国");
   Node root=list.item(0);
   list(root);

  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
}

private void list(Node root) {
  //判断是否是指定的类型element，如果是就输出
  if(root instanceof Element){
   System.out.println(root.getNodeName());
  }
  NodeList list=root.getChildNodes();
  for(int i=0;i<list.getLength();i++){
   Node child=list.item(i);
   //使用递归
   list(child);
  }
}

//读取属性的值
@Test
public void read2(){
  try {
   //创建工厂
   DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   //创建解析器
   DocumentBuilder db=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
   //获取document对象，对xml进行解析
   Document document=db.parse("src/Country.xml");

   Element element=(Element) document.getElementsByTagName("省份").item(1);
   String value=element.getAttribute("省名");
   System.out.println(value);

  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
}

//添加新节点
@Test
public void insert() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException, TransformerException{
  //创建工厂
  DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
  //通过创建的工厂，创建解析器
  DocumentBuilder db=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
  //获取document对象，对xml进行解析
  Document document=db.parse("src/Newspaper.xml");
  //创建新的节点
  Element element=document.createElement("作者");
  //对新的节点进行内容设置
  element.setTextContent("张三");
  //把创建出来的节点添加到ARTICLE中
  Element author=(Element) document.getElementsByTagName("ARTICLE").item(0);
  author.appendChild(element);

  //把添加的节点写的xml文件中
  TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
  Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
  tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/Newspaper.xml")));
}

//在指定的位置上添加节点
@Test
public void insert2(){
  try{
   //创建工厂
   DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   //通过创建的工厂，创建解析器
   DocumentBuilder db=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
   //获取document对象，对xml进行解析
   Document document=db.parse("src/Newspaper.xml");

   //创建新的节点
   Element element=document.createElement("编号");
   element.setTextContent("王五");
   //获取参考节点
   Element notes=(Element) document.getElementsByTagName("NOTES").item(0);
   //把创建出来的节点添加到ARTICLE上
   Element newspaper=(Element) document.getElementsByTagName("ARTICLE").item(0);
   newspaper.insertBefore(element, notes);

   //把添加的节点写到xml文件中
   TransformerFactory tff=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
   Transformer tf=tff.newTransformer();
   tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/Newspaper.xml")));
  }catch(Exception e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
}

//更新节点
@Test
public void update(){
  try{
   DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   DocumentBuilder db=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
   Document document=db.parse("src/Newspaper.xml");
   //获取要更新的节点
   Element id=(Element) document.getElementsByTagName("编号").item(0);
   //要更新的内容
   id.setTextContent("12");

   TransformerFactory tff=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
   Transformer tf=tff.newTransformer();
   tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/Newspaper.xml")));
  }catch(Exception e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
}

//删除节点
@Test
public void delete(){
  try{
   DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   DocumentBuilder db=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
   Document document=db.parse("src/Newspaper.xml");
   //获取要删除的节点
   Element e=(Element) document.getElementsByTagName("作者").item(0);
   //获取要删除节点的父节点
   Element parent=(Element) e.getParentNode();
   parent.removeChild(e);


   TransformerFactory tff=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
   Transformer tf=tff.newTransformer();
   tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/Newspaper.xml")));

  }catch(Exception e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }

}
}

package com.hbsi.xml;

import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args){

  try {
   //创建工厂
   SAXParserFactory spf=SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
   //创建SAX解析器
   SAXParser sp=spf.newSAXParser();
   //获取读取器
   XMLReader xmlreader=sp.getXMLReader();
   //设置事件处理器
   xmlreader.setContentHandler(new CountryContHandler());
   xmlreader.parse("src/Country.xml");
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
}
}

class CountryContHandler extends DefaultHandler{

@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
System.out.println("<"+qName+">");
}

@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
System.out.println("<"+qName+">");
}

@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
System.out.println(new String(ch,start,length));
}

}