Restful webservice 注意事项
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2篇文章，大体概述了 rest 的架构及一般操作
http://www.vogella.com/articles/REST/article.html
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/web/wa-aj-tomcat/
所需jar包：jersey-server jersey-core jersey-api jsr311-api-1.0 asm-3.1若需使用客服端功能，需要 jersey-client。客户端功能如何使用，在上述2个参考资料中有。
在自己使用时碰到了一些问题，比如 请求数据格式为json时，会遇到类型问题。尝试后，发现需要对该json对应的bo对象进行 jaxb 序列化。
jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><html> <head> <script src="js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script> <script> function rest(){ $.ajax({type: 'POST',//url: 'services/helloWorld/doGet2',url: 'services/helloWorld/test1019',dataType: "json", contentType: "application/json", // data: "{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":28,\"address\":\"beijing\",\"tel\":\"01082658866\"}", data: "{\"name\":\"zhangsan\"}",cache : false,error:function(){alert('系统连接失败，请稍后再试！')},success: function(obj){alert(obj.name);} }); } </script> <script> function rest2(){ $.ajax({type: 'POST',//url: 'services/helloWorld/doGet2',url: 'services/helloWorld/test1020',dataType: "json", contentType: "application/json", // data: "{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":28,\"address\":\"beijing\",\"tel\":\"01082658866\"}", data: { "j":"{\"name\":\"zhangsan\"}" },cache : false,error:function(){alert('系统连接失败，请稍后再试！')},success: function(obj){alert(obj.name);} }); } </script> <script> function rest3(){ $.ajax({type: 'POST',//url: 'services/helloWorld/doGet2',url: 'services/helloWorld/delete/10',dataType: "json", contentType: "application/json", // data: "{\"name\":\"zhangsan\",\"age\":28,\"address\":\"beijing\",\"tel\":\"01082658866\"}", data: { "j":"{\"name\":\"zhangsan\"}" },cache : false,error:function(){alert('系统连接失败，请稍后再试！')},success: function(obj){alert(obj.name);} }); } </script> </head> <body> This is my JSP page. <br> <button onclick="rest();" value="sss"> <button onclick="rest2();" value="aaa"> <button onclick="rest3();" value="ddd"> </body></html>java：
import java.io.IOException;import java.net.URI;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;import javax.ws.rs.DELETE;import javax.ws.rs.DefaultValue;import javax.ws.rs.FormParam;import javax.ws.rs.GET;import javax.ws.rs.HEAD;import javax.ws.rs.POST;import javax.ws.rs.PUT;import javax.ws.rs.Path;import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;import javax.ws.rs.Produces;import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;import javax.ws.rs.core.Request;import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;import javax.ws.rs.core.UriInfo;import net.sf.json.JSONArray;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;/*@Context： 使用该注释注入上下文对象，比如 Request、Response、UriInfo、ServletContext 等。@Context Request request; @Context UriInfo uriInfo; 内部类@Path("{contact}")：这是 @Path 注释，与根路径 “/contacts” 结合形成子资源的 URI。@PathParam("contact")：该注释将参数注入方法参数的路径，在本例中就是联系人 id。其他可用的注释有 @FormParam、@QueryParam 等。@Produces：响应支持多个 MIME 类型。在本例和上一个示例中，APPLICATION/XML 将是默认的 MIME 类型。*/@Path("helloWorld")public class helloWorld {@ContextUriInfo uriInfo;@ContextRequest request;String contact;public helloWorld(UriInfo uriInfo, Request request, String contact) {this.uriInfo = uriInfo;this.request = request;this.contact = contact;}private String age;@GET @Path("/query") public Response getUsers( @QueryParam("from") int from, @QueryParam("to") int to, @QueryParam("orderBy") List<String> orderBy) { return Response .status(200) .entity("getUsers is called, from : " + from + ", to : " + to + ", orderBy" + orderBy.toString()).build(); } /*URL输入为:users/query?from=100&to=200&orderBy=age&orderBy=name此时,输出为:getUsers is called, from : 100, to : 200, orderBy[age, name] 要注意的是,跟@pathparam不同,@queryparam中,指定的是URL中的参数是以键值对的形式出现的,而在程序中@QueryParam("from") int from则读出URL中from的值, 而@pathparem中,URL中只出现参数的值,不出现键值对,比如: “/users/2011/06/30” */@GET @Path("{year}/{month}/{day}") public Response getUserHistory( @PathParam("year") int year, @PathParam("month") int month, @PathParam("day") int day) { String date = year + "/" + month + "/" + day; return Response.status(200) .entity("getUserHistory is called, year/month/day : " + date) .build(); }@GET@Path("sayHi")//@Path("{contact}") //AA (@PathParam("contact") String contact)//访问URL /helloWorld/XXX contact = XXXpublic String sayHi(@DefaultValue("s123") @QueryParam("name") String yourname) {//System.out.println(yourname);return yourname;}@GET@Path("doGet")@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)public List<Person> doGet(){System.out.println("doGet");Person p = new Person("1",2,"3","4");Person p1 = new Person("1",2,"3","4");List<Person> l = new ArrayList<Person>();l.add(p);l.add(p1);return l;}@GET@Path("doGet2")@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)public Person doGet2(){Person p = new Person("1",2,"3","4");return p;}@POST@Path("doPost")@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)@Produces("text/html")public String doPost(Person person){System.out.println("doPost`1234 "+person.getName()+" "+person.getAge());return "doPost111";}@DELETE@Path("doDelete")public String doDelete(){System.out.println("doDelete");return "doDelete";}@PUT@Path("doPut")public String doPut(){System.out.println("doPut");return "doPut";}@HEAD@Path("doHead")public String doHead(){System.out.println("doHead");return "doHead";}@POST@Path("test1019")@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)@Consumes( {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML })public Test test1019(Test t) {//throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented.");System.out.println(t.getName());t.setName("zs");return t;}@POST@Path("test1020")public Test test1020(@FormParam("j") String j) {//throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented.");System.out.println(j);Test t = new Test();t.setName("zs");return t;}@POST @Path("delete/{id}") public String deleteCategory(@PathParam("id") int id) { System.out.println("处理删除类别逻辑，接受的数据为id:"+id); return "ok"; } @POST@Path("new")@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED)public void newContact(@FormParam("id") String id,@FormParam("name") String name,@Context HttpServletResponse servletResponse) throws IOException {Contact c = new Contact(id,name,new ArrayList<String>());URI uri = uriInfo.getAbsolutePathBuilder().path(id).build();Response.created(uri).build();//servletResponse.sendRedirect("../pages/new_contact.html");} @SuppressWarnings("unused")@POST@Path("update")@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED)private Response putAndGetResponse(Contact c) {Response res;res = Response.created(uriInfo.getAbsolutePath()).build();return res;} public static void main(String[] args){Person p = new Person("1",2,"3","4");Person p1 = new Person("1",2,"3","4");List<Person> l = new ArrayList<Person>();l.add(p);l.add(p1);JSONObject json = JSONObject.fromObject(l);System.out.println(json);}}bo：json格式也需要jaxb的注解 不是很明白。其次 映射时，若属性为public 则需要在 get方法上增加@XMLTransient，表示不序列化此属性；
或将属性设为private，映射加至 get方法处。
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlTransient;@XmlRootElement(name = "test")public class Test {public Test(){this.name="ddddd";}private String name;@XmlElement(name = "name")public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}}import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlTransient;@XmlRootElement(name = "person")public class Person { @XmlElement(name = "name") public String name; @XmlElement(name = "age") public int age ; @XmlElement(name = "address") public String address ; @XmlElement(name = "tel") public String tel ; public Person(String name,int age,String address,String tel){ this.name = name; this.age = age; this.address=address; this.tel=tel; } public Person(){ } @XmlTransientpublic String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}@XmlTransientpublic int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}@XmlTransientpublic String getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(String address) {this.address = address;}@XmlTransientpublic String getTel() {return tel;}public void setTel(String tel) {this.tel = tel;} }web.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <servlet> <display-name>JAX-RS REST Servlet</display-name> <servlet-name>JAX-RS REST Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer </servlet-class> <!-- 指示包含资源的 Java 包。 <init-param> <param-name>com.sun.jersey.config.property.packages</param-name> <param-value>sample.hello.resources</param-value> </init-param> --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>JAX-RS REST Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app>
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