Android 高手进阶教程(十三)之----Android 数据库SQLiteDatabase的使用!!

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大家好,好久没有更新博客了,最近由于身体不适让大家久等了,好了,直接进入主题~

Android 提供了三种数据存储方式,第一种是文件存储;第二种是SharedPreferences存储;第三种就是数据库SQLiteDatabase存储。

文件存储我就不用多说了,而SharedPreferences可以存取简单的数据(int,double,float.etc),它经常用于数据缓存,因为它读取存储简单。详细可以参见本系列。Android 高手进阶教程(七)之----Android 中Preferences的使用!

今天我们将讲一下SQLiteDatabase的使用 而掌握SqliteDatabase ,将会我们接下来掌握ContentProvider 打下良好的基石

为了让大家更好的掌握,我们手把手完成该节的Demo

第一步:新建一个Android工程,命名为SQLiteDatabaseDemo.

第二步:创建一个新的类BooksDB.java 这个类要继承于android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper抽象类,我们要实现其中两个方法:onCreate(),onUpdate.具体代码如下:

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. package com.android.tutor;
  2. import android.content.ContentValues;
  3. import android.content.Context;
  4. import android.database.Cursor;
  5. import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
  6. import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
  7. public class BooksDBextends SQLiteOpenHelper {
  8. private finalstatic String DATABASE_NAME = "BOOKS.db";
  9. private finalstatic int DATABASE_VERSION =1;
  10. private finalstatic String TABLE_NAME = "books_table";
  11. public finalstatic String BOOK_ID = "book_id";
  12. public finalstatic String BOOK_NAME = "book_name";
  13. public finalstatic String BOOK_AUTHOR = "book_author";
  14. public BooksDB(Context context) {
  15. // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
  16. super(context, DATABASE_NAME,null, DATABASE_VERSION);
  17. }
  18. //创建table
  19. @Override
  20. public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
  21. String sql = "CREATE TABLE " + TABLE_NAME +" (" + BOOK_ID
  22. + " INTEGER primary key autoincrement, " + BOOK_NAME +" text, "+ BOOK_AUTHOR +" text);";
  23. db.execSQL(sql);
  24. }
  25. @Override
  26. public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db,int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
  27. String sql = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME;
  28. db.execSQL(sql);
  29. onCreate(db);
  30. }
  31. public Cursor select() {
  32. SQLiteDatabase db = this.getReadableDatabase();
  33. Cursor cursor = db
  34. .query(TABLE_NAME, null, null, null,null, null,null);
  35. return cursor;
  36. }
  37. //增加操作
  38. public long insert(String bookname,String author)
  39. {
  40. SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase();
  41. /* ContentValues */
  42. ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
  43. cv.put(BOOK_NAME, bookname);
  44. cv.put(BOOK_AUTHOR, author);
  45. long row = db.insert(TABLE_NAME,null, cv);
  46. return row;
  47. }
  48. //删除操作
  49. public void delete(int id)
  50. {
  51. SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase();
  52. String where = BOOK_ID + " = ?";
  53. String[] whereValue ={ Integer.toString(id) };
  54. db.delete(TABLE_NAME, where, whereValue);
  55. }
  56. //修改操作
  57. public void update(int id, String bookname,String author)
  58. {
  59. SQLiteDatabase db = this.getWritableDatabase();
  60. String where = BOOK_ID + " = ?";
  61. String[] whereValue = { Integer.toString(id) };
  62. ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
  63. cv.put(BOOK_NAME, bookname);
  64. cv.put(BOOK_AUTHOR, author);
  65. db.update(TABLE_NAME, cv, where, whereValue);
  66. }
  67. }

第三步:修改main.xml布局如下,由两个EditText和一个ListView组成,代码如下:

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  2. <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  3. android:orientation="vertical"
  4. android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  5. android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  6. >
  7. <EditText
  8. android:id="@+id/bookname"
  9. android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  10. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  11. >
  12. </EditText>
  13. <EditText
  14. android:id="@+id/author"
  15. android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  16. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  17. >
  18. </EditText>
  19. <ListView
  20. android:id="@+id/bookslist"
  21. android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  22. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  23. >
  24. </ListView>
  25. </LinearLayout>

第四步:修改SQLiteDatabaseDemo.java代码如下:

[java] view plaincopyprint?
  1. package com.android.tutor;
  2. import android.app.Activity;
  3. import android.content.Context;
  4. import android.database.Cursor;
  5. import android.os.Bundle;
  6. import android.view.Menu;
  7. import android.view.MenuItem;
  8. import android.view.View;
  9. import android.view.ViewGroup;
  10. import android.widget.AdapterView;
  11. import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
  12. import android.widget.EditText;
  13. import android.widget.ListView;
  14. import android.widget.TextView;
  15. import android.widget.Toast;
  16. public class SQLiteDatabaseDemoextends Activity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener {
  17. private BooksDB mBooksDB;
  18. private Cursor mCursor;
  19. private EditText BookName;
  20. private EditText BookAuthor;
  21. private ListView BooksList;
  22. private int BOOK_ID =0;
  23. protected finalstatic int MENU_ADD = Menu.FIRST;
  24. protected final staticint MENU_DELETE = Menu.FIRST + 1;
  25. protected finalstatic int MENU_UPDATE = Menu.FIRST +2;
  26. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  27. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  28. setContentView(R.layout.main);
  29. setUpViews();
  30. }
  31. public void setUpViews(){
  32. mBooksDB = new BooksDB(this);
  33. mCursor = mBooksDB.select();
  34. BookName = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.bookname);
  35. BookAuthor = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.author);
  36. BooksList = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.bookslist);
  37. BooksList.setAdapter(new BooksListAdapter(this, mCursor));
  38. BooksList.setOnItemClickListener(this);
  39. }
  40. @Override
  41. public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
  42. super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
  43. menu.add(Menu.NONE, MENU_ADD, 0,"ADD");
  44. menu.add(Menu.NONE, MENU_DELETE, 0,"DELETE");
  45. menu.add(Menu.NONE, MENU_DELETE, 0,"UPDATE");
  46. return true;
  47. }
  48. public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
  49. {
  50. super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
  51. switch (item.getItemId())
  52. {
  53. case MENU_ADD:
  54. add();
  55. break;
  56. case MENU_DELETE:
  57. delete();
  58. break;
  59. case MENU_UPDATE:
  60. update();
  61. break;
  62. }
  63. return true;
  64. }
  65. public void add(){
  66. String bookname = BookName.getText().toString();
  67. String author = BookAuthor.getText().toString();
  68. //书名和作者都不能为空,或者退出
  69. if (bookname.equals("") || author.equals("")){
  70. return;
  71. }
  72. mBooksDB.insert(bookname, author);
  73. mCursor.requery();
  74. BooksList.invalidateViews();
  75. BookName.setText("");
  76. BookAuthor.setText("");
  77. Toast.makeText(this, "Add Successed!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  78. }
  79. public void delete(){
  80. if (BOOK_ID == 0) {
  81. return;
  82. }
  83. mBooksDB.delete(BOOK_ID);
  84. mCursor.requery();
  85. BooksList.invalidateViews();
  86. BookName.setText("");
  87. BookAuthor.setText("");
  88. Toast.makeText(this, "Delete Successed!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  89. }
  90. public void update(){
  91. String bookname = BookName.getText().toString();
  92. String author = BookAuthor.getText().toString();
  93. //书名和作者都不能为空,或者退出
  94. if (bookname.equals("") || author.equals("")){
  95. return;
  96. }
  97. mBooksDB.update(BOOK_ID, bookname, author);
  98. mCursor.requery();
  99. BooksList.invalidateViews();
  100. BookName.setText("");
  101. BookAuthor.setText("");
  102. Toast.makeText(this,"Update Successed!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  103. }
  104. @Override
  105. public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,int position, long id) {
  106. mCursor.moveToPosition(position);
  107. BOOK_ID = mCursor.getInt(0);
  108. BookName.setText(mCursor.getString(1));
  109. BookAuthor.setText(mCursor.getString(2));
  110. }
  111. public class BooksListAdapterextends BaseAdapter{
  112. private Context mContext;
  113. private Cursor mCursor;
  114. public BooksListAdapter(Context context,Cursor cursor) {
  115. mContext = context;
  116. mCursor = cursor;
  117. }
  118. @Override
  119. public int getCount() {
  120. return mCursor.getCount();
  121. }
  122. @Override
  123. public Object getItem(int position) {
  124. return null;
  125. }
  126. @Override
  127. public long getItemId(int position) {
  128. return 0;
  129. }
  130. @Override
  131. public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
  132. TextView mTextView = new TextView(mContext);
  133. mCursor.moveToPosition(position);
  134. mTextView.setText(mCursor.getString(1) +"___" + mCursor.getString(2));
  135. return mTextView;
  136. }
  137. }
  138. }

第五步:运行程序效果如下:

第六步:查看我们所建的数据库。有两种方法:第一种用命令查看:adb shell ls data/data/com.android.tutor/databases。

另一种方法是用DDMS查看,在data/data下面对应的应用程序的包名 下会有如下数据库,如图所示:

由于代码都是现写,时间原因,没有全部加注释,如果大家 有什么不懂的地方,可以留言,我会尽快答复,如果需源代码,请留下你的Email

地址,ok,今天就到这里,大家晚安!

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