SSLException

来源：互联网发布：centos打开端口命令编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/23 21:12

异常信息如下：

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

原因：服务器的证书不被信任。一般是这样造成的。

使用KEYTOOL工具创建证书，然后用TOMCAT启动后，在浏览器打开网站时，会出现证书不被信任的提示。当然，利用HTTPCLIENT向服务端HTTPS发送数据时，HTTPCLIENT也会检测服务端的证书是否被信任，不被信任就抛出上面的异常。

解决办法有两种，一种是使证书被客户端信任。另一种是使用HTTPCLIENT发送数据时不检测服务器证书是否可信。

第一种办法，使证书被信任。

找正规CA签发证书，或者自己签发证书（只能那一台客户机上可信）。找正规CA签发证书就不说了，自己签发证书呢，见我的其他文章。

我发现，自己签名的证书弄好之后，从客户端打开服务端地址时，不再提示上面的错误，但是还是不能发送数据。原因是什么呢？因为那台证书在客户端操作系统上可信，但是在JAVA的KEYSTORE里不可信，要把服务端的证书导入KEYSTORE库中

导入办法：

打开命令行窗口，并到<java-home>\lib\security\ 目录下，运行下面的命令：

keytool -import -noprompt -keystore cacerts -storepass changeit -alias yourEntry1 -file your.cer

最后一个是服务端导出的证书，其他可以默认。

要注意的是，如果客户端电脑上装有许多个JAVA版本，要确定你导入的证书的JAVA版本是你TOMCAT使用的那个，一般TOMCAT使用的是环境变量指向的那个JAVA版本。

如果是在ECLIPSE中建立的TOMCAT服务器，新建时会要你选择默认JRE还是指向的JAVA，这里一定要选指向刚才导入的那个JAVA的路径，不然，你导入的证书库也没效果。

第二种办法，使用HTTPCLIENT时不检测服务器证书是否可信

扩展HttpClient 类实现自动接受证书

因为这种方法自动接收所有证书，因此存在一定的安全问题，所以在使用这种方法前请仔细考虑您的系统的安全需求。具体的步骤如下：

•提供一个自定义的socket factory （test.MySecureProtocolSocketFactory ）。这个自定义的类必须实现接口org.apache.commons.httpclient.protocol.SecureProtocolSocketFactory ，在实现接口的类中调用自定义的X509TrustManager(test.MyX509TrustManager) ，这两个类可以在随本文带的附件中得到

•创建一个org.apache.commons.httpclient.protocol.Protocol 的实例，指定协议名称和默认的端口号

Protocol myhttps = new Protocol("https", new MySecureProtocolSocketFactory (), 443);

•注册刚才创建的https 协议对象

Protocol.registerProtocol("https ", myhttps);

•然后按照普通编程方式打开https 的目标地址，代码如下：

MySecureProtocolSocketFactory.java

Java代码

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.SocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.ConnectTimeoutException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.protocol.SecureProtocolSocketFactory;
public class MySecureProtocolSocketFactory implements SecureProtocolSocketFactory {
private SSLContext sslcontext = null;
private SSLContext createSSLContext() {
SSLContext sslcontext=null;
try {
sslcontext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sslcontext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{new TrustAnyTrustManager()}, new java.security.SecureRandom());
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sslcontext;
}
private SSLContext getSSLContext() {
if (this.sslcontext == null) {
this.sslcontext = createSSLContext();
}
return this.sslcontext;
}
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose)
throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
return getSSLContext().getSocketFactory().createSocket(
socket,
host,
port,
autoClose
);
}
public Socket createSocket(String host, int port) throws IOException,
UnknownHostException {
return getSSLContext().getSocketFactory().createSocket(
host,
port
);
}
public Socket createSocket(String host, int port, InetAddress clientHost, int clientPort)
throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
return getSSLContext().getSocketFactory().createSocket(host, port, clientHost, clientPort);
}
public Socket createSocket(String host, int port, InetAddress localAddress,
int localPort, HttpConnectionParams params) throws IOException,
UnknownHostException, ConnectTimeoutException {
if (params == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameters may not be null");
}
int timeout = params.getConnectionTimeout();
SocketFactory socketfactory = getSSLContext().getSocketFactory();
if (timeout == 0) {
return socketfactory.createSocket(host, port, localAddress, localPort);
} else {
Socket socket = socketfactory.createSocket();
SocketAddress localaddr = new InetSocketAddress(localAddress, localPort);
SocketAddress remoteaddr = new InetSocketAddress(host, port);
socket.bind(localaddr);
socket.connect(remoteaddr, timeout);
return socket;
}
}
//自定义私有类
private static class TrustAnyTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new X509Certificate[]{};
}
}
}

------------------------------------------------

public DefaultHttpClient getNewHttpClient() {
try {
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore
.getDefaultType());
trustStore.load(null, null);

SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactoryEx(trustStore);
sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);

SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory
.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));

ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(
params, registry);

return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
return new DefaultHttpClient();
}
}