图像细化算法 opencv实现 完整代码（附实验结果）

一、关于图像细化的算法可以参看下面两个PDF链接：

http://www.uel.br/pessoal/josealexandre/stuff/thinning/ftp/lam-lee-survey.pdf  ：总结了几乎所有92年以前的经典细化算法

http://www-prima.inrialpes.fr/perso/Tran/Draft/gateway.cfm.pdf ：本文所附代码所参照的算法

二、实验结果

原图：

运行结果（分别为迭代1次、4次、8次、16次、64次的结果图）：

三、opencv代码

运行环境：Windows 7，VS 2012，OpenCV 2.3

#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <math.h>#include <fstream>#include <string>#include <iostream>#include <opencv/cv.h>#include <opencv/highgui.h> using namespace std; void cvThin( IplImage*, IplImage*, int iterations);//使用举例int main(int argc, char* argv[]){ IplImage *pSrc = NULL,*pDst = NULL,*pTmp = NULL;//传入一个灰度图像      pSrc = cvLoadImage("1.bmp",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE); if(!pSrc) {  return 0; } pTmp = cvCloneImage(pSrc); pDst = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(pSrc),pSrc->depth,pSrc->nChannels); cvZero(pDst); cvThreshold(pSrc,pTmp,68,1,CV_THRESH_BINARY_INV);//做二值处理，将图像转换成0，1格式  //cvSaveImage("pTmp.bmp",pTmp); cvThin(pTmp,pDst,8);//细化，通过修改iterations参数进一步细化 cvNamedWindow("src",1); cvNamedWindow("dst",1); cvShowImage("src",pSrc); //将二值图像转换成灰度，以便显示 int i = 0,j = 0; CvSize size = cvGetSize(pDst); for(i=0; i<size.height;  i++) {  for(j=0; j<size.width; j++)  {   if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(pDst,uchar,i,j)==1)   {    CV_IMAGE_ELEM(pDst,uchar,i,j) = 0;   }   else   {    CV_IMAGE_ELEM(pDst,uchar,i,j) = 255;   }  } } cvSaveImage("dst_8.bmp",pDst); cvShowImage("dst",pDst); cvWaitKey(0); cvReleaseImage(&pSrc); cvReleaseImage(&pDst); cvReleaseImage(&pTmp); cvDestroyWindow("src"); cvDestroyWindow("dst"); return 0;}void cvThin( IplImage* src, IplImage* dst, int iterations){ //此时的src是一个二值化的图片 CvSize size = cvGetSize(src); cvCopy(src, dst); int n = 0,i = 0,j = 0; for(n=0; n<iterations; n++)//开始进行迭代 {   IplImage* t_image = cvCloneImage(dst);   for(i=0; i<size.height;  i++)  {   for(j=0; j<size.width; j++)   {    if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j)==1)    {     int ap=0;     int p2 = (i==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte, i-1, j);     int p3 = (i==0 || j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte, i-1, j+1);     if (p2==0 && p3==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p4 = (j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j+1);     if(p3==0 && p4==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p5 = (i==size.height-1 || j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j+1);     if(p4==0 && p5==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p6 = (i==size.height-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j);     if(p5==0 && p6==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p7 = (i==size.height-1 || j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j-1);     if(p6==0 && p7==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p8 = (j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j-1);     if(p7==0 && p8==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p9 = (i==0 || j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i-1,j-1);     if(p8==0 && p9==1)     {      ap++;     }     if(p9==0 && p2==1)     {      ap++;     }     if((p2+p3+p4+p5+p6+p7+p8+p9)>1 && (p2+p3+p4+p5+p6+p7+p8+p9)<7)     {      if(ap==1)      {       if(!(p2 && p4 && p6))       {        if(!(p4 && p6 && p8))         {         CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst,byte,i,j)=0;//设置目标图像中像素值为0的点        }       }      }     }    }   }  }  cvReleaseImage(&t_image);  t_image = cvCloneImage(dst);  for(i=0; i<size.height;  i++)  {   for(int j=0; j<size.width; j++)   {    if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j)==1)    {     int ap=0;     int p2 = (i==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte, i-1, j);     int p3 = (i==0 || j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte, i-1, j+1);     if (p2==0 && p3==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p4 = (j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j+1);     if(p3==0 && p4==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p5 = (i==size.height-1 || j==size.width-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j+1);     if(p4==0 && p5==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p6 = (i==size.height-1)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j);     if(p5==0 && p6==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p7 = (i==size.height-1 || j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i+1,j-1);     if(p6==0 && p7==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p8 = (j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i,j-1);     if(p7==0 && p8==1)     {      ap++;     }     int p9 = (i==0 || j==0)?0:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(t_image,byte,i-1,j-1);     if(p8==0 && p9==1)     {      ap++;     }     if(p9==0 && p2==1)     {      ap++;     }     if((p2+p3+p4+p5+p6+p7+p8+p9)>1 && (p2+p3+p4+p5+p6+p7+p8+p9)<7)     {      if(ap==1)      {       if(p2*p4*p8==0)       {        if(p2*p6*p8==0)        {         CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst, byte,i,j)=0;        }       }      }     }                        }   }  }              cvReleaseImage(&t_image); }}

四、参考链接

[1]http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/OpenCV/message/70260

[2]http://blog.csdn.net/byxdaz/article/details/5642669