linux 建立软连接
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前段时间搞一个数据库迁移的时候:
由于是研发环境,直接迁移到一个已成型的服务器上,由于是直接copy的,碰到点问题, 目标服务器这个目录的空间不够,这个时候我把数据库copy到另外一个目录,在打开的时候报spfile记录的文件不对,这个时候我改好了spfile的目录,又报了数据文件不对,其实这个很简单,
比如我原来记录的是在目录/home/oracle/a 现在到了/home/oracle/b,那原来指定的数据文件目录肯定不对,这个时候可以使用软连接,将目录替换下就好了。
直接将ln -s /home/oracle/a /home/oracle/b就可以了:
这里就是ln -s 了,我们来看下ln :
SYNOPSIS ln [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME (1st form) ln [OPTION]... TARGET (2nd form) ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY (3rd form) ln [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET... (4th form)DESCRIPTION In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME. In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the current directory. In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY. Create hard links by default, symbolic links with --symbolic. When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file -b like --backup but does not accept an argument -d, -F, --directory allow the superuser to attempt to hard link directories (note: will probably fail due to system restric- tions, even for the superuser) -f, --force remove existing destination files -n, --no-dereference treat destination that is a symlink to a directory as if it were a normal file -i, --interactive prompt whether to remove destinations[oracle@db925 script]$ [oracle@db925 script]$ man lnLN(1) User Commands LN(1)NAME ln - make links between filesSYNOPSIS ln [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME (1st form) ln [OPTION]... TARGET (2nd form) ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY (3rd form) ln [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET... (4th form)DESCRIPTION In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME. In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the current directory. In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY. Create hard links by default, symbolic links with --symbolic. When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file -b like --backup but does not accept an argument -d, -F, --directory allow the superuser to attempt to hard link directories (note: will probably fail due to system restric- tions, even for the superuser) -f, --force remove existing destination files -n, --no-dereference treat destination that is a symlink to a directory as if it were a normal file -i, --interactive prompt whether to remove destinations -s, --symbolic make symbolic links instead of hard links -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY specify the DIRECTORY in which to create the links -T, --no-target-directory treat LINK_NAME as a normal file -v, --verbose print name of each file before linking --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit The backup suffix is ‘~’, unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values: none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given) numbered, t make numbered backups existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise simple, never always make simple backups
我们看一个测试例子:
[oracle@db925 ~]$ ln -s /home/oracle/source /home/oracle/target/u01[oracle@db925 ~]$ cd /home/oracle/source[oracle@db925 source]$ lssource.txt[oracle@db925 source]$ cd /home/oracle/target/[oracle@db925 target]$ lstarget.txt u01[oracle@db925 target]$ ls -ltrtotal 0-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Dec 5 15:01 target.txtlrwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 19 Dec 5 15:02 u01 -> /home/oracle/source[oracle@db925 target]$ cd u01[oracle@db925 u01]$ lssource.txt
其中source 为实际存在的,而u01为虚假的目录:
删除软连接:
[oracle@db925 u01]$ rm -rf /home/oracle/target/u01 ---跟删除普通目录一样
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