开头句型

一、开头句型

我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。

在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢？最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说———直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。

I．．．．has both advantages and disadvantages．……既有利又有弊。例如：

1．Obviously television has bothadvantages and disadvantages．

2．Living in a city has both advantagesand disadvantages．

3．Compared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages．

举一反三：

1．Although computers bring people a lotof convenience，they have many disadvantages．

2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every coin has two sides，．．．has itsdisadvantages．（本例将利弊分开讲，转折过渡自然。just as every coin hastwo sides也很值得背诵。）

II．．．．play（s）an important role／part in．．．……在……中扮演重要角色／起重要作用。例如：

1．Computers play an important role inscience and technology．

2．Computers play a more and moreimportant role in our life．

  Computersplay an increasingly important role in our studies．

3．Education plays an important part indeveloping our mind．

4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs playa role in homelessness．

举一反三：

1．Advertisement plays an informativerole in our daily life．

2．In the past，lettersplayed a decisive role in long-distance

communication．But now，telephone，email，fax have taken their place．

III．With the development of．．．，随着……的发展，例如：

1．With the development of our economy，many Chinese families can afford a car．

2．With the development of our economyand society，pollution is more and more serious．

3．With the rapid development of scienceand technology，people can get a college degree bytaking online-courses at home．

4．With the current social andtechnological developments，employees with moreknowledge and higher academic degrees are needed．

举一反三：

1．With the rapid increase of China'spopulation，housing problem is becoming more and moreserious． 随着中国人口的急剧增加，住房问题越来越突出。

2．With more and more women enteringsociety，people's attitude towards women is changing．随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。

3．With the deepening of Chinese reformand opening up，an increasing number of Chinese

families can afford a car．

随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。（“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。）

本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子。

我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点。不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。

IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think／believe

that．．．，others argue／claim that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably

some truth in both arguments／statements，but．．．当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……本结构先用when it comes to．．．引出话题，再用some．．．others ．．．这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点，然后说There is sometruth in both．．．表明严谨公正的态度，最后用but．．．很自然地引出了自己的论点。请看下面这个例子：

TV，a good thing or bad thing

When it comes to TV，some people believe that it isextremely valuable，as it provides relaxation， entertainment and education． Others arguethat it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people oftime to do other activities．There is probably sometruth in both sides．But we must realize that televisionitself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to whichit is put that determines its value to society．

二、结尾句型

英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one／a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。

V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：

1．We should take measures to controlpollution in order to save the world．

2．We'd better take effective measuresto prevent students from cheating on exams．

3．The government decided to takestrong measures against drug abuse．

4．Urgent measures should be taken toprevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks．

本文列举了英语作文中常用的几个句型，当然不是要大家写出千篇一律的文章来，而是希望起到一种抛砖引玉的作用，提醒大家在学习中注意多总结，以使自己的写作水平更上一层楼。

考研短文写作常用句型和练习

“引言”段落中的常用句型：1．…is a very populartopic which is much talked about not only by…but alsoby …家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题，不仅是城里人，而且农民都经常谈论这个问题。Whethera large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic which is oftentalked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.2.There is no denying the fact that…无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremelyserious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal withit.

3.As is known to all,…众所周知，假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。As is knownto all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.(=do alot of harm to the interests of consumers)4.More and more people are realizingthe importance of…现在越来越多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安，我们每人都应该接受法制教育。Today an increasing number of people have realized that laweducation is of great importance .In order to keep law and order, very one ofus is supposed to get(=receive)a law education.5.From what I have mentionedabove we can see clearly that…从上面我所提到的，我们可以清楚地看到，电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。From what I have mentioned above we can see clearly that violence onTV has (a) great influence on young adults’ behavior.(或 teenagers’ behavior 或 youngsters’ behavior)

“正文”段落中常用的句型：1．There are some goodreasons for…(分析原因)two possible人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先，我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次，国民经济正在迅速发展，而且出生率已经得到控制。There are two reasons for the improvement in people’s living conditions. In the first place, we have been carrying outthe reform and opening-up policy. Secondly, there has been a rapid expansion ofour national economy .Further-more, the birth rate has been put under control.

2. My suggestions to deal with the problem are asfollows. In the first place,… Secondly,…Finally…（提出建议）我对解决这个问题的建议如下。首先，迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次，有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后，对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。My suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows .To beginwith, it is urgent to create nature reserves. Secondly, certain rare wildanimals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproducedartificially. Finally , those who hunter them must be punished severely.

3. Different people have different opinions on thisquestion. Some people believe that… Others problem. matter. arguethat… Still others assert that…（论述不同看法）人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败，有人能够经得起考验，从失败中汲取教训，并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而，另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。People differ in their attitudes towards failure. Faced with it ,someof them can stand up to it .draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfillwhat they are determined to do. Others, however, lose heart and give in.

4.It is important (necessary, urgent紧急的,difficult, easy, expensive, desirable, advisable, convenient, comfortable)forsb. to do sth. （发表意见）人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人民日益增长的需求。It is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreationcenters, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs ofpeople.