14天学会安卓开发(第十天)Android网络与通讯

14天学会安卓开发  

作者:神秘的N (英文名  corder_raine)
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目录             

第十天.Android网络与通信... 100

10.1  Android网络通讯介绍... 100

10.1.1 网络通讯技术... 100

10.2  Java.net 101

10.2.2主Activity. 101

10.2.3 直接获取数据... 102

10.2.4 以Get方式上传参数... 103

10.2.5 以Post方式上传参数... 103

10.3  ApacheHttpClient 105

10.3.1 使用HttpClient:主Activity. 105

10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet 106

10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost 107

10.4  装载并显示Web网页... 108

10.4.1 用线程刷新网页显示... 108

10.4.2 装载网页并显示... 109

10.5  Socket编程复习... 110

第十天.Android网络与通信
10.1 Android网络通讯介绍
    10.1.1 网络通讯技术

Ø  Java.net

Ø  Apache HttpClient

Ø  Socket技术

Ø  装载网页

Ø  WiFi技术

Ø  Bluetooth蓝牙

10.2 Java.net
10.2.2主Activity

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publicclass Activity01 extendsActivity{

       publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

              super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

              setContentView(R.layout.main)       

              Buttonbutton_http = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button_HTTP);

              /*监听button的事件信息 */

              button_http.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {

                     publicvoid onClick(View v){

                     /*新建一个Intent对象 */

                     Intentintent = new Intent();

                     /*指定intent要启动的类 */

                     intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class);

                     /*启动一个新的Activity*/

                     startActivity(intent);

                     /*关闭当前的Activity*/

                     Activity01.this.finish();

                     }

              });

**   Activity02是直接获取数据的demo!

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Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get);

              /*监听button的事件信息 */

              button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {

                     publicvoid onClick(View v)

                     {

                            /*新建一个Intent对象 */

                            Intentintent = new Intent();

                            /*指定intent要启动的类 */

                            intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity03.class);

                            /*启动一个新的Activity*/

                            startActivity(intent);

                            /*关闭当前的Activity*/

                            Activity01.this.finish();

                     }

              });

**   Activity03是以Get方式上传参数的demo!

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Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post);

              /*监听button的事件信息 */

              button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {

                     publicvoid onClick(View v)

                     {

                            /*新建一个Intent对象 */

                            Intentintent = new Intent();

                            /*指定intent要启动的类 */

                            intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity04.class);

                            /*启动一个新的Activity*/

                            startActivity(intent);

                            /*关闭当前的Activity*/

                            Activity01.this.finish();

                     }

              });

       }

}//结束Activity1类

**   Activity04是以Post方式上传参数的demo!

10.2.3 直接获取数据

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//http地址

String httpUrl ="http://serverip:8080/AndroidAppServer/index.jsp";

//获得的数据

String resultData = ""; URLurl = null;

//构造一个URL对象

url = newURL(httpUrl);

       //使用HttpURLConnection打开连接

HttpURLConnection urlConn =(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

//得到读取的内容(流)

InputStreamReader in = newInputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());

// 为输出创建BufferedReader

BufferedReader buffer = newBufferedReader(in);

String inputLine = null;

//使用循环来读取获得的数据

while(((inputLine = buffer.readLine())!= null)){

       resultData+= inputLine + "";

}

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity02.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1  

10.2.4 以Get方式上传参数

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String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=abcdefg";

       URLurl = newURL(httpUrl);

       //使用HttpURLConnection打开连接

       HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

       //得到读取的内容(流)

       InputStreamReaderin = newInputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());

       //为输出创建BufferedReader

       BufferedReaderbuffer = newBufferedReader(in);

       StringinputLine = null;

       //使用循环来读取获得的数据

       while(((inputLine = buffer.readLine()) != null)){ resultData += inputLine +""; } 

       //关闭InputStreamReader

       in.close();

       //关闭http连接

       urlConn.disconnect();

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.2.5 以Post方式上传参数

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String httpUrl ="http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp";

URL url = newURL(httpUrl);        

HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

//因为这个是post请求,设立需要设置为true

urlConn.setDoOutput(true);urlConn.setDoInput(true);

urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST");         // 设置以POST方式

urlConn.setUseCaches(false);                  // Post 请求不能使用缓存

urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);

urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

urlConn.connect();

DataOutputStream out = newDataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream());

String content = "par="+URLEncoder.encode("ABCDEFG","gb2312");//要上传的参数

out.writeBytes(content);                  //将要上传的内容写入流中

out.flush();        out.close();

//获取数据

BufferedReader reader = newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()));

String inputLine = null;

while(((inputLine = reader.readLine())!= null)){resultData += inputLine + "";} 

       reader.close();urlConn.disconnect();

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1               

main.xml

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<LinearLayout

        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

        android:orientation="vertical"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="fill_parent">

        <TextView

                android:layout_width="fill_parent"

                android:layout_height="wrap_content"

                android:text="通过下面的按钮进行不同方式的连接"/>

        <Button

                android:id="@+id/Button_HTTP"

                android:layout_width="fill_parent"

                android:layout_height="wrap_content"

                android:text="直接获取数据"/>

        <Button

                android:id="@+id/Button_Get"

                android:layout_width="fill_parent"

                android:layout_height="wrap_content"

                android:text="以GET方式传递数据"/>

        <Button

                android:id="@+id/Button_Post"

                android:layout_width="fill_parent"

                android:layout_height="wrap_content"

                android:text="以POST方式传递数据"/>

</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

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<manifestxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

      package="com.lxt008"

      android:versionCode="1"

      android:versionName="1.0">

    <applicationandroid:icon="@drawable/icon"android:label="@string/app_name">

        <activityandroid:name=".Activity01"

                  android:label="@string/app_name">

            <intent-filter>

                <actionandroid:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>

                <categoryandroid:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>

            </intent-filter>

        </activity>

                <activityandroid:name="Activity02"></activity>

                <activityandroid:name="Activity03"></activity>

                <activityandroid:name="Activity04"></activity>

    </application>

        <uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

    <uses-sdkandroid:minSdkVersion=“7" />

</manifest>

10.3 ApacheHttpClient   
   10.3.1 使用HttpClient:主Activity

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Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get);

button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {

       publicvoid onClick(View v){

              Intentintent = newIntent(); /* 新建一个Intent对象 */

              /*指定intent要启动的类 */

              intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class);                 

              startActivity(intent);/* 启动一个新的Activity*/                      Activity01.this.finish();/* 关闭当前的Activity*/}

              });

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Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post);

button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {

       publicvoid onClick(View v){

              Intentintent = newIntent();

              /*指定intent要启动的类 */

              intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity03.class);

              startActivity(intent);                                      Activity01.this.finish();}

              });  

       }

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity01.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet

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String httpUrl ="http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=HttpClient_android_Get";

//HttpGet连接对象

HttpGet httpRequest = newHttpGet(httpUrl);

//取得HttpClient对象     

HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient(); 

//请求HttpClient，取得HttpResponse

HttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpRequest);

//请求成功

if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()== HttpStatus.SC_OK){

       //取得返回的字符串

       StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());

       mTextView.setText(strResult);

}

else{

       mTextView.setText("请求错误!");

[align=left]}

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity02.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost

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String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp";

//HttpPost连接对象

HttpPost httpRequest = newHttpPost(httpUrl);

//使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的Post参数

List params = newArrayList();

//添加要传递的参数

params.add(newBasicNameValuePair("par","HttpClient_android_Post"));

//设置字符集

HttpEntity httpentity = newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "gb2312");

//请求httpRequest

httpRequest.setEntity(httpentity);

//取得默认的HttpClient

HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient();

//取得HttpResponse

HttpResponse httpResponse =httpclient.execute(httpRequest);

if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){

       StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());}

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.4 装载并显示Web网页
  10.4.1 用线程刷新网页显示

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publicvoid onCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){ newThread(mRunnable).start(); //开启线程 }

       //刷新网页显示

       privatevoid refresh(){       

              URLurl = newURL("http://192.168.1.110:8080/date.jsp");

              HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

              InputStreamReaderin = newInputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());

              BufferedReaderbuffer = newBufferedReader(in);

              StringinputLine = null;

              //使用循环来读取获得的数据 //关闭InputStreamReader// 设置显示取得的内容 }

}

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privateRunnable mRunnable = newRunnable()  {

       publicvoid run()  {

             while(true) {         Thread.sleep(5* 1000);

                 //发送消息

                 mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage());  };

         Handler mHandler = newHandler() {

           publicvoid handleMessage(Message msg)  {

             super.handleMessage(msg);

             refresh();

           } };

**   研究HttpURLConnectionRefresh工程

10.4.2 装载网页并显示

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WebView webView = (WebView)findViewById(R.id.webview);

String html ="Hello lxt008!!!";

//装载页面,你可以换成URL地址。

webView.loadDataWithBaseURL("Demo",html,"text/html","utf-8",null);

//设置支持JS

webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);

//设置浏览器客户端

webView.setWebChromeClient(newWebChromeClient());

10.5 Socket编程复习

Ø    以前课程中学过Socket编程。

Ø  研究SocketDemo以复习巩固Socket在Android中的使用。

示例下载