linux dhcp 服务器配置（经历）

！原意只是想用hostapd开个热点而已 居然还要配dhcp……

一  安装dhcp

1.yum list dhcp* 没有

2.原装光盘 （u盘）
mount Fedora17.iso mnt/cdrom
cd rdrom/packet/d
rpm -ivh dhcp*
然后dhcpd 没有

3.unix公社 

下载 dhcp-4.2.4-P2.tar.gz

tar

 ./config 

make 

make install 装上

二 配置/etc/dhcpd.conf

##=========================dhcpd.conf内容==========================##ddns-update-style interim;ignore client-updates;subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {# --- default gateway设置客户端的相关选项        option routers                  192.168.0.1;#路由        option subnet-mask              255.255.255.0;#       option nis-domain               "domain.org";#       option domain-name              "domain.org";        option domain-name-servers      8.8.8.8;#域名服务器        option time-offset              -18000; # Eastern Standard Time#       option ntp-servers              192.168.0.1;#       option netbios-name-servers     192.168.0.1;# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless# -- you understand Netbios very well#       option netbios-node-type 2;        range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.128 192.168.0.254;        default-lease-time 21600;        max-lease-time 43200;        # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address#       host ns {#               next-server marvin.redhat.com;#               hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;#               fixed-address 207.175.42.254;#       }}##=========================dhcpd.conf内容==========================##

三  dhcpd脚本 

创建dhcpd运行脚本（vi or touch)
/etc/init.d/dhcpd

运行要dhcpd脚本有执行权限

chmod +x dhcpd

##=========================dhcpd内容==========================###!/bin/sh## dhcpdInit Script to start/stop dhcpd.## chkconfig:- 61 39# description:If you dont know you shouldnt be here## processname: dhcpdconfig_file=/etc/dhcpd.confpidfile=/var/run/dhcpd.pidlease_file=/var/db/dhcpd.leases# Source function library. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Get network config. /etc/sysconfig/network  if [ ! -e $config_file ]; then    echo " No config file at $config_file"    exit 0  fiRETVAL=0start() {  if [ ! -e $lease_file ]; then        echo "  Creating $lease_file"        touch $lease_file  elif [ -f $pidfile ]; then        PID=`cat $pidfile`        echo "    ISC-DHCPD already running: $PID"        exit 2;  elseecho -n $"Starting ISC-DHCPD: "daemon /usr/local/sbin/dhcpd wlan0 RETVAL=$?echo[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/dhcpdreturn $RETVAL  fi}stop() {echo -n $"Stopping ISC-DHCPD: "killproc dhcpdRETVAL=$?echo[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/run/dhcpd.pid /var/lock/subsys/dhcpdreturn $RETVAL}restart() {stopstart}reload() {        echo -n $"Reloading dhcpd: "        killproc dhcpd -USR2        RETVAL=$?        echo        return $RETVAL}case "$1" in  start)start;;  stop)stop;;  status)status dhcpd;;  restart)restart;;  condrestart)[ -f /var/lock/subsys/dhcpd ] && restart || :;;  reload)reload;;  *)echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|reload}"exit 1esacexit $?##=========================dhcpd内容==========================##

39行是要看网卡而定的

daemon /usr/local/sbin/dhcpd wlan0

四  改网卡地址

查看无线网卡 
ifconfig -a (wlan0 eth0)
设置ip：
ifconfig wlan0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0

一开始看不到网卡 还以为不用改了 

五  其他

启动： sudo service dhcpd start

问题

No subnet declaration for wlan0 (no IPv4 addresses).
** Ignoring requests on wlan0.  If this is not what
   you want, please write a subnet declaration
   in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment
   to which interface wlan0 is attached. **

Not configured to listen on any interfaces!
这是我最常见的一个问题

导致原因有很多

原因  一

直接运行dhcpd

运行dhcpd 要指定网卡 

比如dhcpd wlan0

还有很多不确定因素  要自己创建

/var/db/dhcpd.leases （数据库文件）

原因二

没有设置网卡地址

网卡地址设置要跟

/etc/dhcpd.conf一致

原因三

要联上网……

没开hostapd是开启服务会失败

原因  四

几个配置文件的地址不一致

其他解决方法

建立/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd

##=========================dhcpd======================================##DHCPDARGS=wlan0#DEVICE=wlan0#BOOTPROTO=static#TYPE=ether#HWADDR=68:a3:c4:53:80:1f#IPADDR=192.168.1.1#NETMASK=255.255.255.0#BROADCAST=192.168.1.255#NETWORK=192.168.1.0#ONBOOT=yes#DHCPDARGS=wlan0##=========================dhcpd======================================##