基于CentOS制作Linux发行版光盘

征程无限

基于CentOS制作Linux发行版光盘

Posted by 楚霏 – 2011-12-28

#############################################
# Custom Linux ISO Bulid
# Author: 楚霏
# Company: chengyongxu.com
# Date: 2011-04-28
# Update: 2011-12-23
# Env: CentOS 5.5 x86_64 && CentOS 6.2 x86_64
#############################################
一、安装制作发行版所需的基本软件包并创建工作目录

1yum -y installanaconda-runtime createrepo yum-utils anacondaanaconda-help busybox-anacondamkisofs

2mkdir /os

3mkdir /mnt/cdrom

二、复制母盘文件

01#挂载光盘镜像

02mount -t iso9660 -o loop /usr/local/src/CentOS-5.5-x86_64-bin-DVD-1of2.iso  /mnt/cdrom

03mount -t iso9660 -o loop /usr/local/src/CentOS-6.2-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso  /mnt/cdrom

04cd /mnt/cdrom

05#将光盘文件拷到工作目录

06tar -cf - . | (cd /os ; tar-xvpf - )

07#删除无用的文件

08cd /os/

09rm RELEASE-NOTES-* -f

10 

11#centos5下是：

12rm -rf /os/CentOS/*

13#centos6下是：

14rm -rf /os/Packages/*

三、定制package.list软件包清单

01#以一台最小安装的线上服务器作为模板，将这台模板服务器安装时的/root/anaconda-ks.cfg拷贝到本地

02#然后把这台模板服务器的RPM包信息导出拷贝到本地，导出方法是：

03rpm -qa |awk-F- '{print $1}' >> packages.list

04#可以统计一下条数

05wc -l /root/packages.list

06#如果你指定了alias cp=cp -i,刚先取消

07alias cp=cp

08 

09#把需要的RPM包列表中的包从光盘镜像拷贝到目标目录的相应位置

10#centos5下是：

11for i in `cat/root/packages.list`;do cp -vrf /mnt/cdrom/CentOS/$i* /os/CentOS/;done

12#centos6下是：

13for i in `cat/root/packages.list`;do cp -vrf /mnt/cdrom/Packages/$i* /os/Packages/;done

14 

15#把想安装系统之后放入系统的源码包（chengyongxu.com.tar.gz）放入工作目录下

16mv chengyongxu.com.tar.gz /os/

17#下载光盘镜像中没有，但又需要的RPM包，例如：

18#centos5下是：

19wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/extras/x86_64/RPMS/mhash-0.9.9-1.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm

20wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/extras/x86_64/RPMS/mhash-devel-0.9.9-1.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm

21 

22#执行createrepo程序生成repodata下的comps.xml文件

23cd /os

24#centos6下需要：

25mv repodata/*-comps.xml repodata/comps.xml

26 

27createrepo -g repodata/comps.xml .

四、配置kickstart

001cd /os

002#把模板服务器上anaconda-ks.cfg拷贝到工作目录

003#订制完光盘默认密码是模板服务器装系统时的密码

004cp anaconda-ks.cfg /os/ks.cfg

005vi/os/isolinux/ks.cfg 并修改脚本如下:

006vi ks.cfg

007#CentOS 5的配置如下

008#ks.cfg的详解请参考<a href="http://www.chengyongxu.com/blog/anaconda-ks-cfg%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3/" title="ks.cfg详解" target="_blank">http://www.chengyongxu.com/blog/anaconda-ks-cfg%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3/</a>

009#----------------------------引用文字-开始----------------------------

010# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

011 

012install

013cdrom

014lang en_US.UTF-8

015keyboard us

016network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --hostnamelocalhost

017rootpw --iscrypted $1$kAVanbBp$QjTH30VQgnj/.gYkQ6aN0

018firewall --enabled --port=22:tcp

019authconfig --enableshadow --enablemd5

020selinux --enforcing

021timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai

022bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda

023# The following is the partition information you requested

024# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed

025# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is

026# not guaranteed to work

027#clearpart --linux

028clearpart --all --initlabel

029part /boot --fstype ext3 --size=200 --asprimary

030part / --fstype ext3 --size=40965

031part swap --size=10245

032part /data --fstype ext3 --size=1 --grow

033 

034%packages

035@base

036@core

037@dialup

038@editors

039@text-internet

040keyutils

041trousers

042fipscheck

043device-mapper-multipath

044autoconf

045automake

046bison

047bzip2-devel

048compat-gcc-34-g77

049compat-libstdc++-296

050compat-libstdc++-33

051curl

052curl-devel

053e2fsprogs-devel

054flex

055freetype-devel

056gcc

057gcc-c++

058gettext-devel

059krb5-devel

060libidn-devel

061libjpeg-devel

062libpng-devel

063libtiff-devel

064libtool

065libxml2

066libxml2-devel

067ncurses-devel

068ntp

069openssl-devel

070pam-devel

071sysstat

072mhash-devel

073zlib-devel

074 

075# chengyongxu.com System Install

076%post --nochroot

077 

078# Mount CDROM

079mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom

080mount -r -t iso9660 /tmp/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

081 

082# Copy our files, extract it ,then move to right locations

083cp /mnt/cdrom/chengyongxu.com.tar.gz /mnt/sysimage/tmp/chengyongxu.com.tar.gz> /dev/null

084cd /mnt/sysimage/tmp/

085tar -zxvf chengyongxu.com.tar.gz > /dev/null

086cp -R /mnt/sysimage/tmp/src/* /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/src/ >/dev/null 2>/dev/null

087 

088# Umount CDROM

089umount /mnt/cdrom

090 

091%post

092 

093# ssh configration

094sed -i 's/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

095 

096# Disable IPV6

097sed -i 's/\IPV6\=yes/\IPV6\=no/g' /etc/sysconfig/network

098echo 'aliasnet-pf-10 off

099alias ipv6 off' >> /etc/modprobe.conf

100 

101# Vim syntax on

102VI_IN_BASH=`grepvim /root/.bashrc`

103if [ -z "$VI_IN_BASH" ]

104then

105echo "alias vi='vim'">> /root/.bashrc

106source /root/.bashrc

107fi

108 

109# rsync configration

110echo "alias rsync='rsync -apur --partial -e \"ssh -p 22 -c arcfour\"'">> /root/.bashrc

111 

112# Show detail when use the "history" command

113echo "HISTTIMEFORMAT=\"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S \"">> /etc/profile

114 

115# Turn off unnecessary services

116SERVICE_NEED="apmd|atd|auditd|cpuspeed|crond|mdmonitor|mdmpd|microcode-ctl|network|ntpd|readahed_early|readahead_later|smartd|sshd|syslog|irqbalance"

117SERVICE_NONEED=`chkconfig --list|awk'{print $1}'|grep-vE $SERVICE_NEED`

118SERVICE_NEED_LIST=`echo$SERVICE_NEED|sed "s/|/ /g"`

119for i in $SERVICE_NONEED; dochkconfig --level 2345 $i off; service $i stop; done

120for i in $SERVICE_NEED_LIST; dochkconfig --level 2345 $i on; service $i start; done

121#----------------------------引用文字-结束----------------------------

122 

123#CentOS 6的配置如下

124#----------------------------引用文字-开始----------------------------

125# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

126 

127#version=RHEL6

128install

129cdrom

130lang en_US.UTF-8

131keyboard us

132#network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --hostname localhost

133rootpw  --iscrypted $6$5q5hu2jMre1MaP4f$DUEVi7i0qo/4Vrh7iiuemzwLVv96pGWVO.T/SzRLE15qYDY9ZP/UfVNXpsoYTZsNLWrlce.yudFo.L7/BlG1

134firewall --service=ssh

135authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 --enablefingerprint

136selinux --enforcing

137timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai

138bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"

139# The following is the partition information you requested

140# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed

141# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is

142# not guaranteed to work

143#clearpart --none --drives=sda

144clearpart --all --initlabel

145part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=200 --asprimary

146part / --fstype=ext4 --size=40965

147part swap --size=10245

148part /data --fstype=ext4 --size=1 --grow

149 

150repo --name="CentOS" --baseurl=file:///mnt/source--cost=100

151 

152%packages

153@base

154@client-mgmt-tools

155@console-internet

156@core

157@server-policy

158autoconf

159automake

160bison

161bzip2-devel

162cmake

163compat-gcc-34-g77

164compat-libstdc++-296

165compat-libstdc++-33

166curl

167curl-devel

168device-mapper-multipath

169e2fsprogs-devel

170flex

171freetype-devel

172ftp

173gcc

174gcc-c++

175gettext-devel

176htop

177iptraf

178krb5-devel

179lftp

180libidn-devel

181libjpeg-devel

182libpng-devel

183libtiff-devel

184libtool

185libxml2

186libxml2-devel

187logwatch

188lrzsz

189make

190ncurses-devel

191ntp

192openssl-devel

193pam-devel

194patch

195sgpio

196sysstat

197trousers

198mhash-devel

199unix2dos

200unzip

201zlib-devel

202%end

203 

204# chengyongxu.com System Install

205# CentOS 6 Can not use post --nochroot

206%post --nochroot

207 

208# Mount CDROM

209mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom

210mount -r -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

211 

212# Copy our files, extract it ,then move to right locations

213cd /mnt/cdrom/

214tar -zmxvf chengyongxu.com.tar.gz -C /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/src/ > /dev/null

215cd /mnt

216 

217# Umount CDROM

218umount /mnt/cdrom

219 

220%post

221 

222# ssh configration

223sed -i 's/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

224 

225# Disable IPV6

226echo "NETWORKING_IPV6=no">> /etc/sysconfig/network

227echo 'aliasnet-pf-10 off

228options ipv6 disable=1' >> /etc/modprobe.d/ipv6-off.conf

229 

230# Vim syntax on

231VI_IN_BASH=`grepvim /root/.bashrc`

232if [ -z "$VI_IN_BASH" ]

233then

234echo "alias vi='vim'">> /root/.bashrc

235source /root/.bashrc

236fi

237 

238# rsync configration

239echo "alias rsync='rsync -apur --partial -e \"ssh -p 22 -c arcfour\"'">> /root/.bashrc

240 

241# Show detail when use the "history" command

242echo "HISTTIMEFORMAT=\"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S \"">> /etc/profile

243 

244# Add a crontab task

245echo "0 */8 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 210.72.145.44">> /var/spool/cron/root

246 

247# If forget this, will output error : "sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo" on system boot

248sed -i 's/Defaults    requiretty/#Defaults    requiretty/g' /etc/sudoers

249 

250# Install Nginx PHP MySQL Memcached GD Libxml Libmcrypt Libevent Sphinx Nrpe

251tar -zmxvf /usr/local/src/Etc_Init.d.tar.gz -C /etc/init.d/ > /dev/null

252tar -zmxvf /usr/local/src/my.cnf.tar.gz -C /etc/ > /dev/null

253tar -zmxvf /usr/local/src/Usr_Local.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ > /dev/null

254 

255# Add Users

256groupadd www -g 88

257useradd -u 88 -g www www -m

258useradd mysql

259useradd nagios

260 

261# Add services

262chkconfig --add nginx

263chkconfig --add memcached

264chkconfig --add mysqld

265chkconfig --add nrpe

266chkconfig --add sphinx

267 

268# Turn off unnecessary services

269SERVICE_NEED="apmd|atd|auditd|cpuspeed|crond|irqbalance|memcached|mdmonitor|mdmpd|microcode-ctl|network|nginx|ntpd|nrpe|readahed_early|readahead_later|smartd|sphinx|sshd|syslog"

270SERVICE_NONEED=`chkconfig --list|awk'{print $1}'|grep-vE $SERVICE_NEED`

271SERVICE_NEED_LIST=`echo$SERVICE_NEED|sed "s/|/ /g"`

272for i in $SERVICE_NONEED; dochkconfig --level 2345 $i off; service $i stop; done

273for i in $SERVICE_NEED_LIST; dochkconfig --level 2345 $i on; service $i start; done

274 

275# By 楚霏 ([e-mail]<script type="text/javascript">

276/* <![CDATA[ */

277(function(){try{var s,a,i,j,r,c,l,b=document.getElementsByTagName("script");l=b[b.length-1].previousSibling;a=l.getAttribute('data-cfemail');if(a){s='';r=parseInt(a.substr(0,2),16);for(j=2;a.length-j;j+=2){c=parseInt(a.substr(j,2),16)^r;s+=String.fromCharCode(c);}s=document.createTextNode(s);l.parentNode.replaceChild(s,l);}}catch(e){}})();

278/* ]]> */

279</script>)

280#----------------------------引用文字-结束----------------------------

五、让系统从kickstart配置启动

01#修改disk/isolinux/isolinux.cfg文件，如下是我的一个配置文件

02vi isolinux/isolinux.cfg

03#把default选项改为ks

04#append ks initrd=initrd.img改为append ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img

05#----------------------------引用文字-开始----------------------------

06default ks

07prompt 1

08timeout 600

09display boot.msg

10F1 boot.msg

11F2 options.msg

12F3 general.msg

13F4 param.msg

14F5 rescue.msg

15label linux

16  kernel vmlinuz

17  append initrd=initrd.img

18label text

19  kernel vmlinuz

20  append initrd=initrd.img text

21label ks

22  kernel vmlinuz

23  append ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img

24label local

25  localboot 1

26label memtest86

27  kernel memtest

28  append -

29#----------------------------引用文字-结束----------------------------

30 

31#CentOS 6的配置如下

32#----------------------------引用文字-开始----------------------------

33default ks

34prompt 1

35timeout 60

36 

37display boot.msg

38 

39menu background splash.jpg

40menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.2!

41menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000

42menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000

43menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000

44menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000

45menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000

46menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff

47menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000

48menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000

49 

50label linux

51  menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system

52  menu default

53  kernel vmlinuz

54  append initrd=initrd.img

55label ks

56  kernel vmlinuz

57  append ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img

58label vesa

59  menu label Install system with ^basic video driver

60  kernel vmlinuz

61  append initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset

62label rescue

63  menu label ^Rescue installed system

64  kernel vmlinuz

65  append initrd=initrd.img rescue

66label local

67  menu label Boot from ^localdrive

68  localboot 0xffff

69label memtest86

70  menu label ^Memorytest

71  kernel memtest

72  append -

73#----------------------------引用文字-结束----------------------------

六、生成光盘镜像

1mkisofs -R -J -T -V Boot --allow-multidot --allow-leading-dots -no-bak -input-charset UTF-8 -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat-no-emul-boot --boot-load-size 4 --boot-info-table -o /tmp/chengyongxu.com-Linux-Release-20111223-x64.iso .

2#可以计算一下md5并保存信息

3md5sum /tmp/Chengyonxu.com-Linux-Release-20111223-x64.iso >> /tmp/md5.txt

七、参考文档

http://bbs.linuxtone.org/thread-2448-1-1.html

http://bbs.linuxtone.org/thread-1240-1-1.html

http://hi.baidu.com/zj8la8la/blog/item/8aac2b02b8fd5b85d53f7c7c.html