UIP成功移植到CC2530上

      最近老板有个项目，其中要做一个Zigbee的无线接入点，即将ZigBee无线传感网络中的数据通过TCP/IP协议传输到以太网上。传统的这种无线接入点即网关都是上位机加下位机模式做成的，即主控芯片（如ARM）加无线模块（如cc2530），ARM与cc2530通过UARST通信，cc2530建立WSN网络，ARM与PC机通过TCP/IP通信，考虑到此系统的成本以及其中的数据传输量不大，就不用ARM，直接将cc2530做成网关，这就需要将TCP/IP协议栈移植到cc2530上，同时与ZigBee协议栈能很好的协同运行。

       因为cc2530的FLASH有256K,Z-stack占用了大部分，所以要用TCP/IP,只能移植一个轻量型网络协议栈，现在比较流行的就是Adam Dunkels写的lwIP和uIP,还有Micrium的uc/IP，lwip和uc/ip所占空间较大，移植较为麻烦，所以就用uip。uip是一种免费可的极小的TCP/IP协议栈，主要实现了ARP，ICMP，TCP，UDP协议，在8位或16位单片机上用的较多，对rom和ram要求很少。

       在网上看了一些uip移植到51或STM32的文章，同时也花了两天时间看了uip的实现源码，如果不熟悉TCP/IP协议的话读起来还是很吃力，所以先看看TCP/IP,建议看TCP/IP协议详解——卷一。看完之后大概知道移植过程了。

       移植之前先要写网络芯片驱动程序，我用的是enc28j60，独立控制的SPI接口，因为cc2530的spi接口用来下载调试了，另一个spi被串口复用了，所以只用用GPIO模拟SPI。

      写驱动程序之前认真读了enc28j60的datasheet，在网上也找到了相关的驱动程序，可以稍加修改拿来用。下面贴出spi程序和enc28j60的程序。

 

#include "spi.h"void WriteByte(u8_t dat){  u8_t i;  for(i=0;i<8;i++)  {    SCKN = 0;    asm("nop");    if(dat&0x80)    {       SIN = 1;    }    else        SIN = 0;    dat <<= 1;    asm("nop");    SCKN = 1;    asm("nop");  }  SCKN=0; //空闲状态为低电平}u8_t ReadByte(void){  u8_t i,dat;  SCKN=0;  dat1=0;  for(i=0;i<8;i++)  {    SCKN=1;    dat1 <<=1;    dat1 |= SON;     SCKN=0;  }  return dat;}

 

     spi.h文件定义了与enc28j60spi接口的GPIO，

       

#ifndef SPI_H#define SPI_H#include <ioCC2530.h>#define SON   P0_5    // MISO#define SIN   P0_6    // MOSI#define SCKN  P0_7    // SCK#define CSN   P1_3    // 28J60-- CS#define RESET P1_2    // Reset void WriteByte(u8_t dat);u8_t ReadByte(void);#endif

 

        enc28j60.c文件：

#include "enc28j60.h"#include "spi.h"#define MIN(a,b) (a) < (b) ? (a) : (b)XDATA u8_t Enc28j60Bank;XDATA u16_t NextPacketPtr;void delay_100ns(){     asm("nop");     asm("nop");     asm("nop");}void delay_ms(int t1){      int i;      while(t1--)      {for(i=10;i;--i)        {           delay_100ns();        }     } }//*******************************************************************************************//// Function : enc28j60ReadOp// Description : ////*******************************************************************************************u8_t enc28j60ReadOp(u8_t op, u8_t address){    u8_t dat1;    // activate CS    CSN =0;    // issue read command    delay_100ns();    WriteByte(op | (address & ADDR_MASK));    dat1 = ReadByte();    // do dummy read if needed (for mac and mii, see datasheet page 29)    if(address & 0x80) dat1 = ReadByte();    // release CS    CSN=1;    return(dat1);}//*******************************************************************************************//// Function : enc28j60WriteOp// Description : ////*******************************************************************************************void enc28j60WriteOp(u8_t op, u8_t address, u8_t mydat){    CSN=0;    // issue write command    delay_100ns();    WriteByte( op | (address & ADDR_MASK));    // write data    WriteByte(mydat);    CSN=1;    delay_100ns();}//*******************************************************************************************//// Function : icmp_send_request// Description : Send ARP request packet to destination.////*******************************************************************************************void enc28j60SetBank(u8_t address){    // set the bank (if needed)    if((address & BANK_MASK) != Enc28j60Bank)    {        // set the bank        enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_BIT_FIELD_CLR, ECON1, (ECON1_BSEL1|ECON1_BSEL0));        enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_BIT_FIELD_SET, ECON1, (address & BANK_MASK)>>5);        Enc28j60Bank = (address & BANK_MASK);    }}//*******************************************************************************************//// Function : icmp_send_request// Description : Send ARP request packet to destination.////*******************************************************************************************u8_t enc28j60Read(u8_t address){    // select bank to read    enc28j60SetBank(address);    // do the read    return enc28j60ReadOp(ENC28J60_READ_CTRL_REG, address);}//*******************************************************************************************//// Function : icmp_send_request// Description : Send ARP request packet to destination.////*******************************************************************************************void enc28j60Write(u8_t address, u8_t mydat){    // select bank to write    enc28j60SetBank(address);     // do the write    enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_WRITE_CTRL_REG, address, mydat);}//*******************************************************************************************//// Function : icmp_send_request// Description : Send ARP request packet to destination.////*******************************************************************************************u16_t enc28j60_read_phyreg(u8_t address){    u16_t mydat;    // set the PHY register address    enc28j60Write(MIREGADR, address);    enc28j60Write(MICMD, MICMD_MIIRD);    // Loop to wait until the PHY register has been read through the MII    // This requires 10.24us    while( (enc28j60Read(MISTAT) & MISTAT_BUSY) );        // Stop reading 这里应该清零    //enc28j60Write(MICMD, MICMD_MIIRD);    enc28j60Write(MICMD, 0x0);    // Obtain results and return    mydat = enc28j60Read ( MIRDL );    //PrintHex(mydat);    //mydat |= enc28j60Read ( MIRDH ); //此地方源代码有误 改成    mydat |= (enc28j60Read ( MIRDH )<<8);   // PrintHex(mydat);    return mydat;} //*******************************************************************************************//// Function : icmp_send_request// Description : Send ARP request packet to destination.////*******************************************************************************************void enc28j60PhyWrite(u8_t address, u16_t mydat){// set the PHY register address    enc28j60Write(MIREGADR, address);    // write the PHY data    enc28j60Write(MIWRL, mydat & 0x00ff);    enc28j60Write(MIWRH, mydat >> 8);    // wait until the PHY write completes    while(enc28j60Read(MISTAT) & MISTAT_BUSY)    {            delay_100ns();    }}void enc28j60ReadBuffer(u16_t len, u8_t* dat){    // assert CS    CSN = 0;    // issue read command    delay_100ns();    WriteByte(ENC28J60_READ_BUF_MEM);             while(len--)    {       *dat++ = ReadByte();    }    // release CS    CSN = 1;}void enc28j60WriteBuffer(u16_t len, u8_t* dat){    // assert CS    CSN = 0;     // issue write command     WriteByte(ENC28J60_WRITE_BUF_MEM);    // while(!(SPSR & (1<<SPIF)));    while(len--)    {             WriteByte(*dat++);    }    // release CS    CSN = 1;}#define ETHERNET_MIN_PACKET_LENGTH0x3C#define ETHERNET_HEADER_LENGTH0x0E#define IP_TCP_HEADER_LENGTH 40#define TOTAL_HEADER_LENGTH (IP_TCP_HEADER_LENGTH+ETHERNET_HEADER_LENGTH)void enc28j60PacketSend(u16_t len, u8_t* packet){    // Set the write pointer to start of transmit buffer area    enc28j60Write(EWRPTL, TXSTART_INIT);    enc28j60Write(EWRPTH, TXSTART_INIT>>8);    // Set the TXND pointer to correspond to the packet size given    enc28j60Write(ETXNDL, (TXSTART_INIT+len));    enc28j60Write(ETXNDH, (TXSTART_INIT+len)>>8);    // write per-packet control byte    enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_WRITE_BUF_MEM, 0, 0x00);    // TODO, fix this up    if( uip_len <= TOTAL_HEADER_LENGTH )    {        // copy the packet into the transmit buffer        enc28j60WriteBuffer(len, packet);    }    else    {        len -= TOTAL_HEADER_LENGTH;        enc28j60WriteBuffer(TOTAL_HEADER_LENGTH, packet);        enc28j60WriteBuffer(len, (unsigned char *)uip_appdata);    }    // send the contents of the transmit buffer onto the network    enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_BIT_FIELD_SET, ECON1, ECON1_TXRTS);}u16_t enc28j60PacketReceive(u16_t maxlen, u8_t* packet){    u16_t rxstat,len;    if (enc28j60Read(EPKTCNT) == 0)    {       return 0;    }// Set the read pointer to the start of the received packet    enc28j60Write(ERDPTL, (NextPacketPtr));    enc28j60Write(ERDPTH, (NextPacketPtr)>>8);// read the next packet pointer    NextPacketPtr  = enc28j60ReadOp(ENC28J60_READ_BUF_MEM, 0);    NextPacketPtr |= (enc28j60ReadOp(ENC28J60_READ_BUF_MEM, 0)<<8);     // read the packet length    len  = enc28j60ReadOp(ENC28J60_READ_BUF_MEM, 0);    len |= (enc28j60ReadOp(ENC28J60_READ_BUF_MEM, 0)<<8);    len -= 4; //以太帧最小46字节 减去4字节的FCS校验和 加上帧头14字节 共64字节 //PrintHex(len);// read the receive status    rxstat  = enc28j60ReadOp(ENC28J60_READ_BUF_MEM, 0);    rxstat |= enc28j60ReadOp(ENC28J60_READ_BUF_MEM, 0)<<8;// limit retrieve length    // (we reduce the MAC-reported length by 4 to remove the CRC)    len = MIN(len, maxlen);// copy the packet from the receive buffer    enc28j60ReadBuffer(len, packet);// Errata workaround #13. Make sure ERXRDPT is odd    u16_t rs,re;    rs = enc28j60Read(ERXSTH);    rs <<= 8;    rs |= enc28j60Read(ERXSTL);    re = enc28j60Read(ERXNDH);    re <<= 8;    re |= enc28j60Read(ERXNDL);    if (NextPacketPtr - 1 < rs || NextPacketPtr - 1 > re)    {        enc28j60Write(ERXRDPTL, (re));        enc28j60Write(ERXRDPTH, (re)>>8);    }    else    {        enc28j60Write(ERXRDPTL, (NextPacketPtr-1));        enc28j60Write(ERXRDPTH, (NextPacketPtr-1)>>8);    }// decrement the packet counter indicate we are done with this packet    enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_BIT_FIELD_SET, ECON2, ECON2_PKTDEC);           return len;}void dev_init(void){    enc28j60_init();}void dev_send(void){    enc28j60PacketSend(uip_len, uip_buf);}u16_t dev_poll(void){    return enc28j60PacketReceive(UIP_BUFSIZE, uip_buf);}void enc28j60_init(void){//SPI INIT    SpiInit();    // perform system reset    enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_SOFT_RESET, 0, ENC28J60_SOFT_RESET);// check CLKRDY bit to see if reset is complete    //while(!(enc28j60Read(ESTAT) & ESTAT_CLKRDY));    // Errata workaround #2, CLKRDY check is unreliable, delay 1 mS instead    delay_ms(5);// lamp test// enc28j60PhyWrite(PHLCON, 0x0AA2);    // do bank 0 stuff    // initialize receive buffer    // 16-bit transfers, must write low byte first// set receive buffer start address    NextPacketPtr = RXSTART_INIT;    enc28j60Write(ERXSTL, RXSTART_INIT&0xFF);    enc28j60Write(ERXSTH, RXSTART_INIT>>8);// set receive pointer address    enc28j60Write(ERXRDPTL, RXSTART_INIT&0xFF);    enc28j60Write(ERXRDPTH, RXSTART_INIT>>8);// set receive buffer end    // ERXND defaults to 0x1FFF (end of ram)    enc28j60Write(ERXNDL, RXSTOP_INIT&0xFF);    enc28j60Write(ERXNDH, RXSTOP_INIT>>8);// set transmit buffer start    // ETXST defaults to 0x0000 (beginnging of ram)    enc28j60Write(ETXSTL, TXSTART_INIT&0xFF);    enc28j60Write(ETXSTH, TXSTART_INIT>>8);     // do bank 2 stuff    // enable MAC receive    enc28j60Write(MACON1, MACON1_MARXEN|MACON1_TXPAUS|MACON1_RXPAUS);// bring MAC out of reset    enc28j60Write(MACON2, 0x00);// enable automatic padding and CRC operations    enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_BIT_FIELD_SET, MACON3, MACON3_PADCFG0|MACON3_TXCRCEN|MACON3_FRMLNEN);// enc28j60Write(MACON3, MACON3_PADCFG0|MACON3_TXCRCEN|MACON3_FRMLNEN);    // set inter-frame gap (non-back-to-back)    enc28j60Write(MAIPGL, 0x12);    enc28j60Write(MAIPGH, 0x0C);// set inter-frame gap (back-to-back)    enc28j60Write(MABBIPG, 0x12);// Set the maximum packet size which the controller will accept    enc28j60Write(MAMXFLL, MAX_FRAMELEN&0xFF);    enc28j60Write(MAMXFLH, MAX_FRAMELEN>>8);// do bank 3 stuff    // write MAC address    // NOTE: MAC address in ENC28J60 is byte-backward    enc28j60Write(MAADR5, UIP_ETHADDR0);    enc28j60Write(MAADR4, UIP_ETHADDR1);    enc28j60Write(MAADR3, UIP_ETHADDR2);    enc28j60Write(MAADR2, UIP_ETHADDR3);    enc28j60Write(MAADR1, UIP_ETHADDR4);    enc28j60Write(MAADR0, UIP_ETHADDR5);  // no loopback of transmitted frames    enc28j60PhyWrite(PHCON2, PHCON2_HDLDIS);// switch to bank 0    enc28j60SetBank(ECON1);// enable interrutps    enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_BIT_FIELD_SET, EIE, EIE_INTIE|EIE_PKTIE);// enable packet reception     enc28j60WriteOp(ENC28J60_BIT_FIELD_SET, ECON1, ECON1_RXEN);      }

          在上面文件中有一个delay_100ns函数，为什么要写这个函数呢，看了enc28j60的输入输出的时序之后发现在cs置低之后只要要保持100ns，所以每次在写入之前都要延迟100ns左右。cc2530的时钟是32MHz，所以差不多3个机器周期就是100ns了。这个是要注意的地方，我在这之前，调试了半天，一直都没发现有网络数据包出来，然后再仔细读了datasheet才发现的。
       这个驱动根据datasheet写，或者参考网上的，哈哈，只要能实现就行了。         
       有了以上驱动程序就很好移植了！ 废话不多说，直接给移植步骤。
       在网上下载源码，我用的是uip0.9版本。编译环境是IAR，因为cc2530用的是IAR开发环境。

       接下来建立工程，如下图所示：

 

          将spi.c enc28j60.c即相关头文件放在driver目录下，将uip.c uip_arp.c uip_arch.c还有相关头文件放在uip目录下，
linker目录下放的是IAR8051的连接文件（可以不用），将应用程序main.c app.c app.h文件放在user目录下。
      将uip源代码中unix文件夹中的main函数改一下，其中tapdev_read函数替换成我们的dev_poll，将tapdev_send替换成dev_send，然后将http相关的东西删去，我们先实现简单的功能。
      根据源码文件夹中的doc文档，写个简单的历程。

       app.c的代码如下：

 

#include "app.h"#include "uip.h"void example1_init(void) {   uip_listen(HTONS(1234));}void example1_appcall(void){   struct example1_state *s;   s = (struct example1_state *)uip_conn->appstate;     if(uip_connected()) {      s->state = WELCOME_SENT;      uip_send("Welcome!\n", 9);      return;   }    if(uip_acked() && s->state == WELCOME_SENT) {      s->state = WELCOME_ACKED;   }   if(uip_newdata()) {      uip_send("ok\n", 3);   }   if(uip_rexmit()) {      switch(s->state) {      case WELCOME_SENT:         uip_send("Welcome!\n", 9);         break;      case WELCOME_ACKED:         uip_send("ok\n", 3);         break;      }   }}

      对了，还有个重要的问题，就是大小端的问题，这个也是我调试好久未果的一个经验。cc2530是8051内核的，是小端，所以在uipopt.h文件中做如下改动
#ifndef BYTE_ORDER
#define BYTE_ORDER     LITTLE_ENDIAN
#endif /* BYTE_ORDER */  
      还有个编译设置的问题，具体按照如下来：

 

     好了，然后编译连接，过程中可能有一些警告和错误，一个一个耐心排除，很容易。
     用网线连上电脑，然后打开命令终端，输入ping 219.223.173.242  我主机ip是219.223.173.243
    如下结果：

           

 

        然后打开网络调试助手

 

 

     如程序需要的结果相同，哈哈！过几天实现一个web服务器！
    接下来的工作就是将uip移植到z-stack上，在cc2530上实现网关的功能！
    有需要源码的可以联系我！