Python Notes #3 - 1.21.2013
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测试
Boehm Curve
[图片Boehm_Curve.jpg 来自我的Instagram]
你发现bug的时间越晚,修改它所需付出的代价也就越大,所以尽早捕获到bug将会降低总体时间。
1
# notes.py'''Function for working with temperature.'''def to_celsius(t): '''Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius.''' return round((t - 32.0) * 5.0 / 9.0)def above_freezing(t): '''True if temperature in Celsius is above freezing, False otherwise.''' return t > 0
# test_notes.pyimport nosefrom notes import to_celsius#from notes import above_freezingdef test_to_celsius(): '''Test function for to_celsius''' assert to_celsius(100) == 37.8, 'Returning an unrounded result'if __name__ == '__main__': nose.runmodule()
Python Shell:
[evaluate test_notes.py]
F
======================================================================
FAIL: Test function for to_celsius
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\case.py", line 197, in runTest
self.test(*self.arg)
File "<wingdb_compile>", line 9, in test_to_celsius
AssertionError: Returning an unrounded result
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
FAILED (failures=1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\Program Files\Wing IDE 101 4.1\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 34, in <module>
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 292, in runmodule
main(defaultTest=name, **kw)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 118, in __init__
**extra_args)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\unittest\main.py", line 95, in __init__
self.runTests()
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 200, in runTests
sys.exit(not self.success)
SystemExit: True
F
======================================================================
FAIL: Test function for to_celsius
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\case.py", line 197, in runTest
self.test(*self.arg)
File "<wingdb_compile>", line 9, in test_to_celsius
AssertionError: Returning an unrounded result
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
FAILED (failures=1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\Program Files\Wing IDE 101 4.1\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 34, in <module>
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 292, in runmodule
main(defaultTest=name, **kw)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 118, in __init__
**extra_args)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\unittest\main.py", line 95, in __init__
self.runTests()
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 200, in runTests
sys.exit(not self.success)
SystemExit: True
2
# test_notes.pyimport nose#from notes import to_celsiusfrom notes import above_freezingdef test_above_freezing(): '''Test function for above_freezing.''' assert above_freezing(89.4), 'A temperature above freezing.' assert not above_freezing(-42), 'A temperature below freezing.' assert not above_freezing(0), 'A temperature at freezing.'if __name__ == '__main__': nose.runmodule()
Python Shell:
[evaluate test_notes.py]
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s
OK
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\Program Files\Wing IDE 101 4.1\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 34, in <module>
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 292, in runmodule
main(defaultTest=name, **kw)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 118, in __init__
**extra_args)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\unittest\main.py", line 95, in __init__
self.runTests()
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 200, in runTests
sys.exit(not self.success)
SystemExit: False
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s
OK
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\Program Files\Wing IDE 101 4.1\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 34, in <module>
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 292, in runmodule
main(defaultTest=name, **kw)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 118, in __init__
**extra_args)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\unittest\main.py", line 95, in __init__
self.runTests()
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\nose-1.2.1-py2.7.egg\nose\core.py", line 200, in runTests
sys.exit(not self.success)
SystemExit: False
有3条assert语句,但是Nose还是认为只运行了一个测试。对Nose而言,每个函数就是一个测试。
如果test_above_freezing中的第一个测试就失败了,我们将无法得到其他测试的任何信息。因此,
通常的做法是编写许多小的测试函数,分别测试少量的东西,而不是在其中放上一大堆各种各样的断言。
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