JavaScript入门代码整理

来源：互联网发布：手机淘宝怎么买彩票编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/04/30 10:49

1 基础

创建脚本块

<script type="text/javascript">java script code goes here</script>

隐藏脚本代码

<script type="text/javascript"><!--document.write(“Hello”);// --></script>

在不支持java script的浏览器中将不执行相关代码

浏览器不支持的时候显示

<noscript>Hello to the non-java script browser.</noscript>

链接外部脚本文件

<script type="text/javascript" src="/filename.js"></script>

注释脚本

// This is a commentdocument.write("Hello"); // This is a comment/*All of thisis a comment*/

输出到浏览器

document.write(“<strong>Hello</strong>”);

定义变量

var myVariable = "some value";

字符串相加

var myString = "String1" + "String2";

字符串搜索

<script type="text/javascript"><!--var myVariable = "Hello there";var therePlace = myVariable.search("there");document.write(therePlace);//--></script>

字符串替换

thisVar.replace("Monday","Friday");

格式化字串

<script type="text/javascript"><!--var myVariable = "Hello there";document.write(myVariable.big() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.blink() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.bold() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.fixed() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.fontcolor("red") + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.fontsize("18pt") + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.italics() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.small() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.strike() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.sub() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.sup() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + "<br>");document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + "<br>"); var firstString = "My String";var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor("red");// --></script>

创建数组

<script type="text/javascript"><!--var myArray = new Array(5);myArray[0] = "First Entry";myArray[1] = "Second Entry";myArray[2] = "Third Entry";myArray[3] = "Fourth Entry";myArray[4] = "Fifth Entry";var anotherArray = new Array("First Entry","Second Entry","Third Entry","Fourth Entry","Fifth Entry");// --></script>

数组排序

<script type="text/javascript"><!--var myArray = new Array(5);myArray[0] = "z";myArray[1] = "c";myArray[2] = "d";myArray[3] = "a";myArray[4] = "q";document.write(myArray.sort());// --></script>

分割字符串

<script type="text/javascript"><!--var myVariable = "a,b,c,d";var stringArray = myVariable.split(",");document.write(stringArray[0]);document.write(stringArray[1]);document.write(stringArray[2]);document.write(stringArray[3]);// --></script>

弹出警告信息

<script type="text/javascript"><!--window.alert("Hello");//--></script>

弹出确认框

<script type="text/javascript"><!--var result = window.confirm("Click OK to continue");// -–></script>

定义函数

<script type="text/javascript"><!--function multiple(number1,number2) {var result = number1 * number2;return result;}// --></script>

调用JS函数

<a href="#" onClick="functionName()">Link text</a><a href="/"java script:functionName"()">Link text</a>

在页面加载完成后执行函数

<body onLoad="functionName();">Body of the page</body>

条件判断

<script type="text/javascript"><!--var userChoice = window.confirm("Choose OK or Cancel");var result = (userChoice == true) ? "OK" : "Cancel";document.write(result);// --></script>

指定次数循环

<script type="text/javascript"><!--var myArray = new Array(3);myArray[0] = "Item 0";myArray[1] = "Item 1";myArray[2] = "Item 2";for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) {document.write(myArray + "<br>");}// --></script>

设定将来执行

<script type="text/javascript"><!--function hello() {window.alert("Hello");}window.setTimeout("hello()",5000);// --></script>

定时执行函数

<script type="text/javascript"><!--function hello() {window.alert("Hello");window.setTimeout("hello()",5000);}window.setTimeout("hello()",5000);// --></script>

取消定时执行

<script type="text/javascript"><!--function hello() {window.alert("Hello");}var myTimeout = window.setTimeout("hello()",5000);window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);// --></script>

在页面卸载时候执行函数

<body onUnload="functionName();">Body of the page</body>

2 浏览器输出

访问document对象

<script type="text/javascript">var myURL = document.URL;window.alert(myURL);</script>

动态输出HTML

<script type="text/javascript">document.write("<p>Here’s some information about this document:</p>");document.write("<ul>");document.write("<li>Referring Document: " + document.referrer + "</li>");document.write("<li>Domain: " + document.domain + "</li>");document.write("<li>URL: " + document.URL + "</li>");document.write("</ul>");</script>

输出换行

document.writeln("<strong>a</strong>");document.writeln("b");

输出日期

<script type="text/javascript">var thisDate = new Date();document.write(thisDate.toString());</script>

指定日期的时区

<script type="text/javascript">var myOffset = -2;var currentDate = new Date();var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60;var timeZoneDifference = userOffset – myOffset;currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);document.write("The time and date in Central Europe is: " + currentDate.toLocaleString());</script>

设置日期输出格式

<script type="text/javascript">var thisDate = new Date();var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + ":" + thisDate.getMinutes();var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + "/" + thisDate.getMonth() + "/" + thisDate.getDate();document.write(thisTimeString + " on " + thisDateString);</script>

读取URL参数

<script type="text/javascript">var urlParts = document.URL.split("?");var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split("&");for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) {var pairParts = parameterParts.split("=");var pairName = pairParts[0];var pairValue = pairParts[1];document.write(pairName + " ：" +pairValue );}</script>

你还以为HTML是无状态的么？

打开一个新的document对象

<script type="text/javascript">function newDocument() {document.open();document.write("<p>This is a New Document.</p>");document.close();}</script>

页面跳转

<script type="text/javascript">window.location = "http://www.99n9.com/";</script>

添加网页加载进度窗口

<html><head><script type="text/javascript">var placeHolder = window.open("holder.html", "placeholder","width=200,height=200");</script><title>The Main Page</title></head><body><a>Open a full-screen window</a></body>

新窗口和父窗口的操作

<script type="text/javascript">//定义新窗口var newWindow = window.open("128a.html","newWindow");newWindow.close(); //在父窗口中关闭打开的新窗口</script>

//在新窗口中关闭父窗口window.opener.close()

往新窗口中写内容

<script type="text/javascript">var newWindow = window.open("","newWindow");newWindow.document.open();newWindow.document.write("This is a new window");newWIndow.document.close();</script>

加载页面到框架页面

<frameset cols="50%,*"><frame name="frame1" src="/"135a.html""><frame name="frame2" src="/"about:blank""></frameset>

在frame1中加载frame2中的页面

parent.frame2.document.location = "135b.html";

在框架页面之间共享脚本

如果在frame1中html文件中有个脚本

function doAlert() {window.alert("Frame 1 is loaded");}

那么在frame2中可以如此调用该方法

<body onLoad="parent.frame1.doAlert();">This is frame 2.</body>

数据公用

可以在框架页面定义数据项，使得该数据可以被多个框架中的页面公用

<script type="text/javascript">var persistentVariable = "This is a persistent value";</script><frameset cols="50%,*"><frame name="frame1" src="/"138a.html""><frame name="frame2" src="/"138b.html""></frameset>

这样在frame1和frame2中都可以使用变量persistentVariable

框架代码库

根据以上的一些思路，我们可以使用一个隐藏的框架页面来作为整个框架集的代码库

<frameset cols="0,50%,*"><frame name="codeFrame" src="/"140code.html""><frame name="frame1" src="/"140a.html""><frame name="frame2" src="/"140b.html""></frameset>