Oracle恢复实验（四）：所有控制文件和数据文件丢失。

环境：Oracle10g、Red Hat 4，Oracle运行在归档模式。 

场景：所有控制文件和数据文件丢失。 

具体步骤： 
1、主机断电，导致数据文件和所有控制文件全部丢失 
SQL> !rm -f /home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/*.ctl 

SQL> !rm -f /home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/*.dbf 

SQL> !ls /home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl 
redo01.log  redo02.log  redo03.log 

SQL> shutdown abort 
ORACLE instance shut down. 

2、尝试打开数据库 
SQL> startup 
ORACLE instance started. 

Total System Global Area  130023424 bytes 
Fixed Size                  1218100 bytes 
Variable Size              62917068 bytes 
Database Buffers           62914560 bytes 
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes 
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info 
提示找不到控制文件 

3、拷贝数据文件和控制文件 
SQL> !cp /disk2/oracle/coldbak/*.ctl /home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/ 

SQL> !cp /disk2/oracle/coldbak/*.dbf /home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/ 

4、尝试打开数据库 
SQL> startup 
ORACLE instance started. 

Total System Global Area  130023424 bytes 
Fixed Size                  1218100 bytes 
Variable Size              62917068 bytes 
Database Buffers           62914560 bytes 
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes 
Database mounted. 
ORA-00338: log 2 of thread 1 is more recent than control file 
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: 
'/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/redo02.log' 
提示控制文件比较旧，记录的日志序号比redo日志的小。 

5、获取重建控制文件的脚本 
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace; 

Database altered. 
从udump目录中找到脚本。 
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG 
    MAXLOGFILES 16 
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3 
    MAXDATAFILES 100 
    MAXINSTANCES 8 
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292 
LOGFILE 
  GROUP 1 '/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M, 
  GROUP 2 '/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M, 
  GROUP 3 '/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M 
-- STANDBY LOGFILE 
DATAFILE 
  '/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf', 
  '/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf', 
  '/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf', 
  '/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf' 
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8 
; 

6、重启数据库到nomount状态、执行重建控制文件脚本 
SQL> shutdown immediate 

Database dismounted. 
ORACLE instance shut down. 

SQL> startup nomount 
ORACLE instance started. 

Total System Global Area  130023424 bytes 
Fixed Size                  1218100 bytes 
Variable Size              62917068 bytes 
Database Buffers           62914560 bytes 
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes 

7、尝试打开数据库 
SQL> alter database open; 
alter database open 
* 
ERROR at line 1: 
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery 
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/oracle/product/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' 

8、介质恢复 
SQL> recover database; 
Media recovery complete. 

9、打开数据库 
SQL> alter database open; 

Database altered. 

SQL> conn scott/oracle 
Connected. 
SQL> select * from tab; 

TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID 
------------------------------ ------- ---------- 
DEPT                           TABLE 
EMP                            TABLE 
BONUS                          TABLE 
SALGRADE                       TABLE 
RECOVER_TEST                   TABLE 
RECOVER_TEST2                  TABLE 

6 rows selected. 

SQL> select count(*) from recover_test2; 

  COUNT(*) 
---------- 
     28672