Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
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Spring 容器中的 Bean 是有生命周期的,Spring 允许 Bean 在初始化完成后以及销毁前执行特定的操作。下面是常用的三种指定特定操作的方法:
- 通过实现InitializingBean/DisposableBean 接口来定制初始化之后/销毁之前的操作方法;
- 通过<bean> 元素的 init-method/destroy-method属性指定初始化之后 /销毁之前调用的操作方法;
- 在指定方法上加上@PostConstruct或@PreDestroy注解来制定该方法是在初始化之后还是销毁之前调用。
这几种配置方式,执行顺序是怎样的呢?我们通过例子来研究下:
Java类:
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class InitAndDestroySeqBean implements InitializingBean,DisposableBean { public InitAndDestroySeqBean(){ System.out.println("执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: 构造方法"); } @PostConstruct public void postConstruct() { System.out.println("执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: postConstruct"); } @Override public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { System.out.println("执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: afterPropertiesSet"); } public void initMethod() { System.out.println("执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: init-method"); } @PreDestroy public void preDestroy() { System.out.println("执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: preDestroy"); } @Override public void destroy() throws Exception { System.out.println("执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: destroy"); } public void destroyMethod() { System.out.println("执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: destroy-method"); } public static void main(String[] args) { ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/chj/spring/bean.xml"); context.close(); }}Spring配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config/> <bean id="initAndDestroySeqBean" class="com.chj.spring.InitAndDestroySeqBean" init-method="initMethod" destroy-method="destroyMethod"/></beans>运行InitAndDestroySeqBean的main方法,结果如下:
2013-03-03 17:11:19,098 DEBUG support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating instance of bean 'initAndDestroySeqBean'执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: 构造方法2013-03-03 17:11:19,114 DEBUG annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor - Found init method on class [com.alibaba.chj.spring.InitAndDestroySeqBean]: public void com.alibaba.chj.spring.InitAndDestroySeqBean.postConstruct()2013-03-03 17:11:19,114 DEBUG annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor - Found destroy method on class [com.alibaba.chj.spring.InitAndDestroySeqBean]: public void com.alibaba.chj.spring.InitAndDestroySeqBean.preDestroy()2013-03-03 17:11:19,129 DEBUG support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Eagerly caching bean 'initAndDestroySeqBean' to allow for resolving potential circular references2013-03-03 17:11:19,129 DEBUG annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor - Invoking init method on bean 'initAndDestroySeqBean': public void com.alibaba.chj.spring.InitAndDestroySeqBean.postConstruct()执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: postConstruct2013-03-03 17:11:19,129 DEBUG support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Invoking afterPropertiesSet() on bean with name 'initAndDestroySeqBean'执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: afterPropertiesSet2013-03-03 17:11:19,129 DEBUG support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Invoking init method 'initMethod' on bean with name 'initAndDestroySeqBean'执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: init-method2013-03-03 17:11:19,129 DEBUG support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Finished creating instance of bean 'initAndDestroySeqBean'2013-03-03 17:11:19,129 INFO support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext - Closing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@56a499: display name [org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@56a499]; startup date [Sun Mar 03 17:11:17 CST 2013]; root of context hierarchy2013-03-03 17:11:19,129 INFO support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1292d26: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,initAndDestroySeqBean]; root of factory hierarchy2013-03-03 17:11:19,129 DEBUG annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor - Invoking destroy method on bean 'initAndDestroySeqBean': public void com.alibaba.chj.spring.InitAndDestroySeqBean.preDestroy()执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: preDestroy2013-03-03 17:11:19,145 DEBUG support.DisposableBeanAdapter - Invoking destroy() on bean with name 'initAndDestroySeqBean'执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: destroy2013-03-03 17:11:19,145 DEBUG support.DisposableBeanAdapter - Invoking destroy method 'destroyMethod' on bean with name 'initAndDestroySeqBean'执行InitAndDestroySeqBean: destroy-method从执行结果可以看出:
Bean在实例化的过程中:Constructor > @PostConstruct >InitializingBean > init-method
Bean在销毁的过程中:@PreDestroy > DisposableBean > destroy-method
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
- Spring容器中的Bean几种初始化方法和销毁方法的先后顺序
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