线性表之单链表（链式存储结构）--C实现

/* * LinkedList * linc * 2013.2.26 */#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <time.h>#define OK 1  #define ERROR -1  #define TURE 1  #define FALSE 0 struct Node{int data;struct Node *next;};typedef struct Node *Head;typedef struct Node *LinkedList;//create the linked list,head insertvoid createList(LinkedList *list,int size,Head *head){/**head = (Head)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));printf("head test0");(*head)->data = size;printf("head test1");//(*head)->next = (*list);printf("head test2");*/LinkedList tmpList;srand(time(0));*list = (LinkedList)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));(*list)->next = NULL;for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){tmpList = (LinkedList)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));tmpList->data = rand()%100 + 1;tmpList->next = (*list)->next;(*list)->next = tmpList;printf("list->data %d is %d\n",i,tmpList->data);}//head nodetmpList = (LinkedList)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));tmpList->data = size;tmpList->next = (*list)->next;(*list)->next =tmpList;/*while((*list) != NULL){printf("data is %d\n",(*list)->data);(*list)->next;}*/}//get element of listint getElement(LinkedList list,int index,int *element){printf("getElement\n");LinkedList tmpList = list->next;printf("getElement---test\n");int size = tmpList->data;//the list sizeprintf("the size is %d\n",size);if(index > size){return ERROR;}int count = 0;while(tmpList && count < index+1)//+1 for head node{printf("data is %d\n",tmpList->data);tmpList = tmpList->next;++count;}if(!tmpList)return ERROR;*element = tmpList->data;return OK;}//clear listint clearList(LinkedList *list){//use 2 points free the listLinkedList tmpList1,tmpList2;tmpList1 = (*list)->next;while(tmpList1){printf("free the data is %d\n",tmpList1->data);tmpList2 = tmpList1->next;free(tmpList1);tmpList1 = tmpList2;}(*list)->next = NULL;return OK;}//insert//after indexint insert(LinkedList *list,int index,int element){printf("insert index is %d,element is %d\n",index,element);LinkedList tmpList = (*list)->next;int size = tmpList->data;if(index > size){printf("ERROR:the index > size.\n");return ERROR;}int count = 0;while(tmpList && count < index+1){tmpList = tmpList->next;++count;}if(!tmpList)return ERROR;LinkedList node = (LinkedList)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));node->data = element;node->next = tmpList->next;tmpList->next = node;return OK;}//deleteint delete(LinkedList *list,int index){printf("delete,index is %d\n",index);LinkedList tmpList = (*list)->next;int size = tmpList->data;if(index > size){printf("ERROR:the index > size.\n");return ERROR;}int count = 0;while(tmpList && count < index+1){tmpList = tmpList->next;++count;}if(!tmpList)return ERROR;LinkedList node = tmpList->next;tmpList->next = node->next;free(node);return OK;}int main(){LinkedList *list;Head *head;createList(list,10,head);int i = 1;getElement(*list,5,&i);insert(list,5,20);printf("getElement is %d\n",i);getElement(*list,5,&i);printf("getElement is %d\n",i);delete(list,5);clearList(list);return 0;}

链式存储结构的优点在于它在找到目标元素后，删除或者插入都十分方便，只需将指针挪动一次就好；缺点就是不能像顺序存储结构那样迅速的找到目标元素，只能笨笨的一个一个元素的遍历下去。