Apache的Mod_rewrite使用详解

Apache的Mod_rewrite使用详解

 

目标 重写设置 说明 规范化URL RewriteRule ^/~([^/]+)/?(.*) /u/$1/$2 [R] 将/~user重写为/u/user的形式   RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)$ /$1/$2/ [R] 将/u/user末尾漏掉的/补上       规范化HostName RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^fully/.qualified/.domain/.name [NC] 域名不合格   RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$ 不空   RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^80$ 不是80端口   RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://fully.qualified.domain.name:%{SERVER_PORT}/$1 [L,R] 重写   RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^fully/.qualified/.domain/.name [NC]     RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$     RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://fully.qualified.domain.name/$1 [L,R]         URL根目录转移 RewriteEngine on     RewriteRule ^/$ /e/www/ [R] 从/移到/e/www/       末尾目录补斜线 RewriteEngine on   （目录范围内） RewriteBase /~quux/     RewriteRule ^foo$ foo/ [R] /~quux/foo是一个目录，补/         RewriteEngine on     RewriteBase /~quux/     RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d 如果请文件名是个目录   RewriteRule ^(.+[^/])$ $1/ [R] URL末尾不是斜线时补上       Web集群 RewriteEngine on     RewriteMap user-to-host txt:/path/to/map.user-to-host 用户－服务器映射   RewriteMap group-to-host txt:/path/to/map.group-to-host 组－服务器映射   RewriteMap entity-to-host txt:/path/to/map.entity-to-host 实体－服务器映射   RewriteRule ^/u/([^/]+)/?(.*) http://${user-to-host:$1|server0}/u/$1/$2 用户均衡   RewriteRule ^/g/([^/]+)/?(.*) http://${group-to-host:$1|server0}/g/$1/$2 组均衡   RewriteRule ^/e/([^/]+)/?(.*) http://${entity-to-host:$1|server0}/e/$1/$2 实体均衡   RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)/?$ /$1/$2/.www/     RewriteRule ^/([uge])/([^/]+)/([^.]+.+) /$1/$2/.www/$3/         URL根目录搬迁 RewriteEngine on     RewriteRule ^/~(.+) http://newserver/~$1 [R,L] 到其它服务器       所用户名首字母分 RewriteEngine on     RewriteRule ^/~(([a-z])[a-z0-9]+)(.*) /home/$2/$1/.www$3 内一层括号为$2       NCSA imagemap移 RewriteEngine on   植为mod_imap RewriteRule ^/cgi-bin/imagemap(.*) $1 [PT]         多目录查找资源 RewriteEngine on     # first try to find it in custom/...     RewriteCond /your/docroot/dir1/%{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f     RewriteRule ^(.+) /your/docroot/dir1/$1 [L]     # second try to find it in pub/...     RewriteCond /your/docroot/dir2/%{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f     RewriteRule ^(.+) /your/docroot/dir2/$1 [L]     # else go on for other Alias or ScriptAlias directives,     RewriteRule ^(.+) - [PT]         据URL设置环境变量 RewriteEngine on     RewriteRule ^(.*)/S=([^/]+)/(.*) $1/$3 [E=STATUS:$2]         虚拟主机 RewriteEngine on     RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www/.[^.]+/.host/.com$ 基于用户名   RewriteRule ^(.+) %{HTTP_HOST}$1 [C]     RewriteRule ^www/.([^.]+)/.host/.com(.*) /home/$1$2         内外人有别 RewriteEngine on     RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} !^.+/.ourdomain/.com$ 基于远程主机   RewriteRule ^(/~.+) http://www.somewhere.com/$1 [R,L]         错误重定向 RewriteEngine on     RewriteCond /your/docroot/%{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f 不是regular文件   RewriteRule ^(.+) http://webserverB.dom/$1         程序处理特殊协议 RewriteRule ^xredirect:(.+) /path/to/nph-xredirect.cgi/$1 / Xredirect协议   [T=application/x-httpd-cgi,L]         最近镜像下载 RewriteEngine on     RewriteMap multiplex txt:/path/to/map.cxan 顶级域名与最近ftp服务器映射   RewriteRule ^/CxAN/(.*) %{REMOTE_HOST}::$1 [C]     RewriteRule ^.+/.([a-zA-Z]+)::(.*)$ ${multiplex:$1|ftp.default.dom}$2 [R,L] 据顶级域名不同提供不同的FTP服务器       基于时间重写 RewriteEngine on     RewriteCond %{TIME_HOUR}%{TIME_MIN} >0700     RewriteCond %{TIME_HOUR}%{TIME_MIN} <1900     RewriteRule ^foo/.html$ foo.day.html 白天为早晚7点间   RewriteRule ^foo/.html$ foo.night.html 其余为夜间       向前兼容扩展名 RewriteEngine on     RewriteBase /~quux/     # parse out basename, but remember the fact     RewriteRule ^(.*)/.html$ $1 [C,E=WasHTML:yes]     # rewrite to document.phtml if exists     RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}.phtml -f 如果存在$1.phtml则重写   RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1.phtml [S=1]     # else reverse the previous basename cutout     RewriteCond %{ENV:WasHTML} ^yes$ 如果不存在$1.phtml，则保持不变   RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1.html         文件改名（目录级） RewriteEngine on 内部重写   RewriteBase /~quux/     RewriteRule ^foo/.html$ bar.html           RewriteEngine on 重定向由客户端再次提交   RewriteBase /~quux/     RewriteRule ^foo/.html$ bar.html [R]         据浏览器类型重写 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/3.*     RewriteRule ^foo/.html$ foo.NS.html [L]     RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Lynx/.* [OR]     RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla/[12].*     RewriteRule ^foo/.html$ foo.20.html [L]     RewriteRule ^foo/.html$ foo.32.html [L]         动态镜像远程资源 RewriteEngine on     RewriteBase /~quux/     RewriteRule ^hotsheet/(.*)$ http://www.tstimpreso.com/hotsheet/$1 [P] 利用了代理模块         RewriteEngine on     RewriteBase /~quux/     RewriteRule ^usa-news/.html$ http://www.quux-corp.com/news/index.html [P]         反向动态镜像 RewriteEngine on     RewriteCond /mirror/of/remotesite/$1 -U     RewriteRule ^http://www/.remotesite/.com/(.*)$ /mirror/of/remotesite/$1         负载均衡 RewriteEngine on 利用代理实现round-robin效果   RewriteMap lb prg:/path/to/lb.pl     RewriteRule ^/(.+)$ ${lb:$1} [P,L]           #!/path/to/perl     $| = 1;     $name = "www"; # the hostname base     $first = 1; # the first server (not 0 here, because 0 is myself)     $last = 5; # the last server in the round-robin     $domain = "foo.dom"; # the domainname     $cnt = 0;     while () {     $cnt = (($cnt+1) % ($last+1-$first));     $server = sprintf("%s%d.%s", $name, $cnt+$first, $domain);     print "http://$server/$_";     }     ##EOF##         静态页面变脚本 RewriteEngine on     RewriteBase /~quux/     RewriteRule ^foo/.html$ foo.cgi [T=application/x-httpd-cgi]         阻击机器人 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NameOfBadRobot.*     RewriteCond %{REMOTE_ADDR} ^123/.45/.67/.[8-9]$     RewriteRule ^/~quux/foo/arc/.+ - [F]         阻止盗连你的图片 RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$     RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.quux-corp.de/~quux/.*$ [NC] 自己的连接可不能被阻止   RewriteRule .*/.gif$ - [F]           RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$     RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !.*/foo-with-gif/.html$     RewriteRule ^inlined-in-foo/.gif$ - [F]         拒绝某些主机访问 RewriteEngine on     RewriteMap hosts-deny txt:/path/to/hosts.deny     RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_HOST}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND [OR]     RewriteCond ${hosts-deny:%{REMOTE_ADDR}|NOT-FOUND} !=NOT-FOUND     RewriteRule ^/.* - [F]         用户授权 RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^[e-mail]-corp/.com$     RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^[e-mail]-corp/.com$     RewriteCond %{REMOTE_IDENT}@%{REMOTE_HOST} !^[e-mail]-corp/.com$     RewriteRule ^/~quux/only-for-friends/ - [F]         外部重写程序模板 RewriteEngine on     RewriteMap quux-map prg:/path/to/map.quux.pl     RewriteRule ^/~quux/(.*)$ /~quux/${quux-map:$1}           #!/path/to/perl     $| = 1;     while (<>) {     s|^foo/|bar/|;     print $_;     }         搜索引擎友好 RewriteRule ^/products$ /content.php     RewriteRule ^/products/([0-9]+)$ /content.php?id=$1     RewriteRule ^/products/([0-9]+),([ad]*),([0-9]{0,3}),([0-9]*),([0-9]*$) /marso/content.php?id=$1&sort=$2&order=$3&start=$4  
 

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