win32下boost::asio进一步封装

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在网络通信中,我个人比较喜欢异步的方式。这样我程序就不会因为I/O的读写而导致线程阻塞。理想的工作方式是通知窗口的事件通知。windows中socket的底层其实是支持窗口事件通知的,但由于boost库比较强大,我就基于asio的库来实现这样的机制。

由于是异步方式,当事件处理完成后,我希望将结果传递给回调函数,因此类中有下面3个函数:

    virtual void handler_connect(const boost::system::error_code& error);    virtual void handler_send(const boost::system::error_code& error);    virtual void handler_receive(const boost::system::error_code& error);

参数传递过来的只是是否有错误。

在主线程中,我只需要调用

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void connect();template<typename ConstBufferSequence>void send(const ConstBufferSequence& buffers);template<typename MutableBufferSequence>void receive(const MutableBufferSequence& buffers)
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这三个函数即可,处理完成后会自动调用上面的回调函数,使用回调函数来处理结果。

 

asio中io_service的run会一直阻塞线程,所以需要将run在辅助线程中运行,但这样的话,回调函数就会在辅助线程中执行,为了保证线程安全性和消除MFC中不同线程执行后的代码异常,我需要将回调函数转入main线程中执行,这就应用了SendMessage函数了通知主线程窗口,下面详细的代码:

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#define WM_ASIO_MESSAGE (WM_USER + 1)using boost::asio::ip::tcp;using boost::asio::deadline_timer;template <typename CWinWnd>class Win32TcpClient{    typedef Win32TcpClient<CWinWnd> MyClassName;    typedef void (MyClassName::*handler_ptr)(const boost::system::error_code&);public:    Win32TcpClient(boost::asio::io_service& ios,tcp::endpoint endpoint,CWinWnd* pWinWnd)        :io_service_(ios),win_wnd_(pWinWnd),socket_(ios),        endpoint_(endpoint),deadline_(ios),stop_(false),connect_timeout_(TIME_INF),handler_ptr_(NULL)    {        set_timeout(connect_timeout_);    }    enum {TIME_INF = -1};    void connect()    {        deadline_.async_wait(boost::bind(&MyClassName::check_deadline, this));        socket_.async_connect(endpoint_,            boost::bind(&MyClassName::run_main_thread_handler,this,&MyClassName::handler_connect,            boost::asio::placeholders::error));    }    void set_timeout(int timeout_seconds)    {        if (timeout_seconds == TIME_INF)            deadline_.expires_at(boost::posix_time::pos_infin);        else            deadline_.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(timeout_seconds));    }    void close()    {        stop_ = true;        socket_.close();    }        template<typename ConstBufferSequence>    void send(const ConstBufferSequence& buffers)    {        boost::asio::async_write(socket_,buffers,            boost::bind(&MyClassName::run_main_thread_handler,this,&MyClassName::handler_send,            boost::asio::placeholders::error));    }    template<typename MutableBufferSequence>    void receive(const MutableBufferSequence& buffers)    {        boost::asio::async_read(socket_,buffers,            boost::bind(&MyClassName::run_main_thread_handler, this,&MyClassName::handler_receive,            boost::asio::placeholders::error));    }    void win_proc()    {        if(handler_ptr_ != NULL)            (this->*handler_ptr_)(error_code_);    }    virtual void handler_connect(const boost::system::error_code& error){}    virtual void handler_send(const boost::system::error_code& error){}    virtual void handler_receive(const boost::system::error_code& error){}private:        void run_main_thread_handler(handler_ptr handler, const boost::system::error_code& error)    {        handler_ptr_ = handler;        error_code_ = error;        ::SendMessage(win_wnd_->m_hWnd,WM_ASIO_MESSAGE,NULL,(LPARAM)this);    }    void check_deadline()    {        if(stop_)return;        if (deadline_.expires_at() <= deadline_timer::traits_type::now())        {            close();            deadline_.expires_at(boost::posix_time::pos_infin);        }        deadline_.async_wait(boost::bind(&MyClassName::check_deadline, this));    }protected:    CWinWnd* win_wnd_;    boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;    tcp::socket socket_;    tcp::endpoint endpoint_;    deadline_timer deadline_;    bool stop_;    std::size_t connect_timeout_;    handler_ptr handler_ptr_;    boost::system::error_code error_code_;    };
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实际使用时,可以从上面的类中继承:

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class CollectClient : public Win32TcpClient<CTestBoostTimerDlg>{public:    CollectClient(boost::asio::io_service& ios,tcp::endpoint endpoint,CTestBoostTimerDlg* pWinWnd):Win32TcpClient<CTestBoostTimerDlg>(ios,endpoint,pWinWnd){ memset(receive_buffer,0,100);}    virtual void handler_connect(const boost::system::error_code& error);    virtual void handler_send(const boost::system::error_code& error);    virtual void handler_receive(const boost::system::error_code& error);private:    char receive_buffer[200] ;};void CollectClient::handler_connect( const boost::system::error_code& error ){    char sendMessage[] = "0020abcdefghijklsdkjaslk";    if (!error)    {            win_wnd_->MessageBox("success");        receive(boost::asio::buffer(receive_buffer,30));        send(boost::asio::buffer(sendMessage,strlen(sendMessage)));    }    else    {            win_wnd_->MessageBox("fail");        if(!stop_)            close();    }}void CollectClient::handler_send( const boost::system::error_code& error ){    if(!error)    {        //win_wnd_->MessageBox("send success");    }    //close();}void CollectClient::handler_receive( const boost::system::error_code& error ){    if(!error)    {        win_wnd_->MessageBox(receive_buffer);        receive(boost::asio::buffer(receive_buffer,30));    }    else    {        win_wnd_->MessageBox(error.message().c_str());        }}
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窗口类中需要添加处理代码是:

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CTestBoostTimerDlg, CDialogEx)    ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()    ON_WM_PAINT()    ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()    ON_MESSAGE(WM_ASIO_MESSAGE,&CTestBoostTimerDlg::OnAsioProc)END_MESSAGE_MAP()

红色为自行添加的消息处理。

OnAsioProc的代码也是基本固定的。

声明:

afx_msg LRESULT OnAsioProc(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);

实现:

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LRESULT CTestBoostTimerDlg::OnAsioProc( WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam ){    CollectClient* pc = (CollectClient*)lParam;    pc->win_proc();    return 0;}
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在dialog的初始化OnInitDialog中

boost::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint endpoint(        boost::asio::ip::address::from_string("127.0.0.1"), 830);    pClient = new CollectClient(ios, endpoint,this);    pClient->connect();

 

这里的pClient和ios可以声明为全局变量,或者声明在窗口类中。

boost::asio::io_service ios;CollectClient* pClient;

 为了是异步工作起来,需要启动另一个线程!

boost::thread th(boost::bind(&io_service::run,&ios));th.detach();

ok,这样的client就可以应用了,关于网络的连接我们其实仅抽象了6个函数connect, handler_connect, send, handler_send, receive, handler_receive。

还有比较有用的是

  set_timeout 这个函数设置超时的秒数。到这个时间后,socket会自动关闭,默认为inf,不会超时。

  endpoint_ 该变量可查看连接的ip地址和端口号。

  win_wnd_ 该变量为窗口类的指针,可以针对窗口做一系列的操作。

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