如何使用 epoll? 一个 C 语言实例

#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <netdb.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <fcntl.h>#include <sys/epoll.h>#include <errno.h>#define MAXEVENTS 64static intmake_socket_non_blocking (int sfd){  int flags, s;  flags = fcntl (sfd, F_GETFL, 0);  if (flags == -1)    {      perror ("fcntl");      return -1;    }  flags |= O_NONBLOCK;  s = fcntl (sfd, F_SETFL, flags);  if (s == -1)    {      perror ("fcntl");      return -1;    }  return 0;}static intcreate_and_bind (char *port){  struct addrinfo hints;  struct addrinfo *result, *rp;  int s, sfd;  memset (&hints, 0, sizeof (struct addrinfo));  hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;     /* Return IPv4 and IPv6 choices */  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM; /* We want a TCP socket */  hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;     /* All interfaces */  s = getaddrinfo (NULL, port, &hints, &result);  if (s != 0)    {      fprintf (stderr, "getaddrinfo: %s\n", gai_strerror (s));      return -1;    }  for (rp = result; rp != NULL; rp = rp->ai_next)    {      sfd = socket (rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);      if (sfd == -1)        continue;      s = bind (sfd, rp->ai_addr, rp->ai_addrlen);      if (s == 0)        {          /* We managed to bind successfully! */          break;        }      close (sfd);    }  if (rp == NULL)    {      fprintf (stderr, "Could not bind\n");      return -1;    }  freeaddrinfo (result);  return sfd;}intmain (int argc, char *argv[]){  int sfd, s;  int efd;  struct epoll_event event;  struct epoll_event *events;  if (argc != 2)    {      fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s [port]\n", argv[0]);      exit (EXIT_FAILURE);    }  sfd = create_and_bind (argv[1]);  if (sfd == -1)    abort ();  s = make_socket_non_blocking (sfd);  if (s == -1)    abort ();  s = listen (sfd, SOMAXCONN);  if (s == -1)    {      perror ("listen");      abort ();    }  efd = epoll_create1 (0);  if (efd == -1)    {      perror ("epoll_create");      abort ();    }  event.data.fd = sfd;  event.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;  s = epoll_ctl (efd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, sfd, &event);  if (s == -1)    {      perror ("epoll_ctl");      abort ();    }  /* Buffer where events are returned */  events = calloc (MAXEVENTS, sizeof event);  /* The event loop */  while (1)    {      int n, i;      n = epoll_wait (efd, events, MAXEVENTS, -1);      for (i = 0; i < n; i++){  if ((events[i].events & EPOLLERR) ||              (events[i].events & EPOLLHUP) ||              (!(events[i].events & EPOLLIN)))    {              /* An error has occured on this fd, or the socket is not                 ready for reading (why were we notified then?) */      fprintf (stderr, "epoll error\n");      close (events[i].data.fd);      continue;    }  else if (sfd == events[i].data.fd)    {              /* We have a notification on the listening socket, which                 means one or more incoming connections. */              while (1)                {                  struct sockaddr in_addr;                  socklen_t in_len;                  int infd;                  char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST], sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];                  in_len = sizeof in_addr;                  infd = accept (sfd, &in_addr, &in_len);                  if (infd == -1)                    {                      if ((errno == EAGAIN) ||                          (errno == EWOULDBLOCK))                        {                          /* We have processed all incoming                             connections. */                          break;                        }                      else                        {                          perror ("accept");                          break;                        }                    }                  s = getnameinfo (&in_addr, in_len,                                   hbuf, sizeof hbuf,                                   sbuf, sizeof sbuf,                                   NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV);                  if (s == 0)                    {                      printf("Accepted connection on descriptor %d "                             "(host=%s, port=%s)\n", infd, hbuf, sbuf);                    }                  /* Make the incoming socket non-blocking and add it to the                     list of fds to monitor. */                  s = make_socket_non_blocking (infd);                  if (s == -1)                    abort ();                  event.data.fd = infd;                  event.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;                  s = epoll_ctl (efd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, infd, &event);                  if (s == -1)                    {                      perror ("epoll_ctl");                      abort ();                    }                }              continue;            }          else            {              /* We have data on the fd waiting to be read. Read and                 display it. We must read whatever data is available                 completely, as we are running in edge-triggered mode                 and won't get a notification again for the same                 data. */              int done = 0;              while (1)                {                  ssize_t count;                  char buf[512];                  count = read (events[i].data.fd, buf, sizeof buf);                  if (count == -1)                    {                      /* If errno == EAGAIN, that means we have read all                         data. So go back to the main loop. */                      if (errno != EAGAIN)                        {                          perror ("read");                          done = 1;                        }                      break;                    }                  else if (count == 0)                    {                      /* End of file. The remote has closed the                         connection. */                      done = 1;                      break;                    }                  /* Write the buffer to standard output */                  s = write (1, buf, count);                  if (s == -1)                    {                      perror ("write");                      abort ();                    }                }              if (done)                {                  printf ("Closed connection on descriptor %d\n",                          events[i].data.fd);                  /* Closing the descriptor will make epoll remove it                     from the set of descriptors which are monitored. */                  close (events[i].data.fd);                }            }        }    }  free (events);  close (sfd);  return EXIT_SUCCESS;}

转自开源中国