MySQL集群 MySQL Cluster

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http://www.oschina.net/p/mysqlcluster

mysql client

---

mysqld

§Tomonitor and control MySQL replication

§Throughmysqlsystem database

§Backupand restore schema

ndbd

§Ndbd is started by DB Supervisor

§Ndbd is also used by data access layers based on NDB API (mysqld, etc.)

ndb_mgmd

§To monitor and control database cluster (except start)

§To start DB backups

---

ndb_mgm

MySQL Cluster 是 MySQL 适合于分布式计算环境的高实用、高冗余版本。它采用了NDB Cluster 存储引擎，允许在1个 Cluster 中运行多个MySQL服务器。在MyQL 5.0及以上的二进制版本中、以及与最新的Linux版本兼容的RPM中提供了该存储引擎。（注意，要想获得MySQL Cluster 的功能，必须安装 mysql-server 和 mysql-max RPM）。

一、MySQL Cluster概述
MySQL Cluster 是一种技术，该技术允许在无共享的系统中部署“内存中”数据库的 Cluster 。通过无共享体系结构，系统能够使用廉价的硬件，而且对软硬件无特殊要求。此外，由于每个组件有自己的内存和磁盘，不存在单点故障。
MySQL Cluster 由一组计算机构成，每台计算机上均运行着多种进程，包括MySQL服务器，NDB Cluster 的数据节点，管理服务器，以及（可能）专门的数据访问程序。关于 Cluster 中这些组件的关系，请参见下图：

NodeTypes:

Management node (MGM node):Provides management services for the cluster as a whole, including startup,shutdown, backups, and configuration data for the other nodes. The managementnode server process isndb_mgmd;the management client used to control MySQL Cluster via the MGM node isndb_mgm.

Data node(StorageNodes): Stores and replicates data. Its functionality is handled by an instanceof the NDB data node processndbd.

SQL node:This is simply an instance of MySQL Servermysqld.

/usr/mysql/bin-> ls -l

total 392388
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql      842 Oct 10 2012 msql2mysql
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 3872686 Jan 3 15:15 my_print_defaults
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 5728815 Jan 3 15:03 myisam_ftdump
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 6133721 Jan 3 15:03 myisamchk
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 5710878 Jan 3 15:03 myisamlog
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 5803631 Jan 3 15:03 myisampack
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 7599484 Jan 3 15:15 mysql
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 7526578 Jan 3 15:15 mysql_client_test
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql     6155 Jan 3 15:00 mysql_config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql     3615 Oct 5 2012 mysql_convert_table_format
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql     2691 Oct 5 2012 mysql_find_rows
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql      652 Oct 5 2012 mysql_fix_extensions
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql     7612 Dec 5 16:13 mysql_secure_installation
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 3711861 Jan 3 15:15 mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 4046377 Jan 3 15:15 mysql_upgrade
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 3870626 Jan 3 15:15 mysql_waitpid
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql     3264 Oct 5 2012 mysql_zap
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql   110981 Oct 10 2012 mysqlaccess
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 6732611 Jan 3 15:15 mysqladmin
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 7323010 Jan 3 15:15 mysqlbinlog
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql    10128 Jan 3 15:00 mysqlbug
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 6722972 Jan 3 15:15 mysqlcheck
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 63533212 Feb 11 21:48 mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql    23217 Jan 3 15:00 mysqld_multi
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql    24760 Jan 3 15:00 mysqld_safe
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 6924343 Jan 3 15:15 mysqldump
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql     6777 Oct 5 2012 mysqldumpslow
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql    34264 Dec 5 16:13 mysqlhotcopy
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 6719151 Jan 3 15:15 mysqlshow
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 6774261 Jan 3 15:15 mysqlslap
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 7332333 Jan 3 15:15 mysqltest
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 5461757 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 4748101 Feb 11 21:40 ndb_cpcd
-rwxr-x--- 1 mysql mysql 12147411 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_delete_all
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 12160053 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_desc
-rwxr-x--- 1 mysql mysql 12135986 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_drop_index
-rwxr-x--- 1 mysql mysql 12136088 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_drop_table
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql     3086 Aug 22 2012 ndb_error_reporter
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 6172638 Feb 11 21:37 ndb_mgm
-rwxr-x--- 1 mysql mysql 14477996 Feb 11 21:37 ndb_mgmd
-rwxr-x--- 1 mysql mysql     7950 Oct 8 2012 ndb_mgmd_launcher
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 4334564 Feb 11 21:37 ndb_print_backup_file
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 4208979 Feb 11 21:37 ndb_print_schema_file
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 4193082 Feb 11 21:37 ndb_print_sys_file
-rwxr-x--- 1 mysql mysql 13228925 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_restore
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 12210574 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_select_all
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 12146680 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_select_count
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 12132183 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_show_tables
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 4932561 Feb 11 21:38 ndb_waiter
-rwxr-x--- 1 mysql mysql 29731707 Feb 11 21:37 ndbd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 12986330 Feb 11 21:38 ndbinfo_select_all
-rwxr-x--- 1 mysql mysql 29909784 Feb 11 21:37 ndbmtd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 4023755 Jan 3 15:15 perror
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 3830046 Jan 3 15:15 replace
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 3879699 Jan 3 15:15 resolve_stack_dump
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 3872181 Jan 3 15:15 resolveip
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql   321821 Mar 19 23:43 sizer

常用的：
/usr/mysql/bin/mysql
/usr/mysql/bin/mysqld
/usr/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd_launcher
/usr/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd
/usr/mysql/bin/ndbd

user      706 32110 0 09:35 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/mysql/bin/mysql --socket=/tmp/ddm_mysql.sock -uroot -f -D hlr
root      5456     1 0 Apr18 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd_launcher
root      5859 5456 0 Apr18 ?        00:00:00 ssh mysql@localhost chrt -f 50 /usr/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd --nowait-nodes 2 --disable-config-cache --initial --config-file=/usr/dhafw/data/mysql/config.ini --nodaemon
root      5860 1889 0 Apr18 ?        00:00:00 sshd: mysql [priv]
mysql     5862 5860 0 Apr18 ?        00:00:00 sshd: mysql@notty
mysql     5863 5862 1 Apr18 ?        00:13:58 /usr/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd --nowait-nodes 2 --disable-config-cache --initial --config-file=/usr/dhafw/data/mysql/config.ini --nodaemon
mysql     9108     1 0 Apr18 ?        00:00:27 /usr/mysql/bin/ndbd --connect-string=host=STATION_A:2200;nodeid=3 --bind-address=STATION_A
mysql     9109 9108 1 Apr18 ?        00:11:43 /usr/mysql/bin/ndbd --connect-string=host=STATION_A:2200;nodeid=3 --bind-address=STATION_A
root      9976 1889 0 Apr18 ?        00:00:00 sshd: mysql [priv]
mysql     9978 9976 0 Apr18 ?        00:00:00 sshd: mysql@notty
mysql     9980 9978 0 Apr18 ?        00:00:00 bash -c export LD_PRELOAD=$LD_PRELOAD:/usr/lib64/libjemalloc.so;/usr/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/dhafw/data/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --skip-slave-start --secure-auth --safe-user-create --server-id=11 --port=15306 --socket=/tmp/ddm_mysql.sock --relay-log=/var/local/mds/relay --log=/var/local/nectar/log/mysqld.log --datadir=/user/database/ddm/mysql/ --log-error=/var/local/nectar/log/mysqld-err.trace --tmpdir=/user/database/ddm/mysqltmp --pid-file=/user/database/ddm/log/mysqld.pid --ndb-connectstring="STATION_A:2200"
mysql     9985 9980 1 Apr18 ?        00:11:47 /usr/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/dhafw/data/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --skip-slave-start --secure-auth --safe-user-create --server-id=11 --port=15306 --socket=/tmp/ddm_mysql.sock --relay-log=/var/local/mds/relay --log=/var/local/nectar/log/mysqld.log --datadir=/user/database/ddm/mysql/ --log-error=/var/local/nectar/log/mysqld-err.trace --tmpdir=/user/database/ddm/mysqltmp --pid-file=/user/database/ddm/log/mysqld.pid --ndb-connectstring=STATION_A:2200