english book1 unit5

Unit5   Man are from Mars, Women are from Venus

一，词汇

1.It is easy to perceive the contrast between their material prosperity and the emptiness of their lives.

2. Any individual's odds  of dying from various external causes are affected by the activities in which they participate, where they live and drive, what kind of work they do, and other factors.

3. That prospect lets investorsfantasize about future profitability rather than face today's business realities

4. In places where there is a high concentration of ethnic minorities, regionalautonomy  is in practice.

5. Spam, or junk e-mails, areunsolicited messages often sent indiscriminately, usually trying to sell goods and services from aphrodisiacs to loans.

6. It is unavoidable to have misunderstanding and tension with others during work and study. But humor can, as a "pacifier", inject a light note into thetouchy  situation to ease these problems quicker than angry words or quarrels.

7. The artist's intuitive, calligraphic brush movements symbolizing his mysticalempathy with nature and his cyclic landscape and flower subjects expressing his belief in the spiritual harmony of natural forms and forces.

8. The Directors anticipate  that these measures will enable the Group to maintain long-term satisfactory growth.

9. Our army will not kill orhumiliate any of Chiang Kai-shek's army officers and men who lay down their arms, but will accept them into our service if they are willing to remain with us or send them home if they wish to leave.

10. The court thus declined toinvalidate  a rulemaking proceeding during which EPA officials had met with President Carter and his economic advisors but had not disclosed this meeting in the administrative record.

二，完型填空

To preen, for a woman, can never be just a pleasure. It is also a (1)duty. It is her work. If a woman does (2)real work -- and even if she has clambered up to a leading (3)position  in politics, law, medicine, business, or whatever -- she is always under (4)pressure to confess that she still works at being (5)attractive.

  But in so far as she is keeping up as one of the Fair Sex, she brings under (6)suspicion  her very capacity to be objective, professional, (7)authoritative , thoughtful. Damned if they do-women are. And (8)damned  if they don't.

One could (9) hardly  ask for more important evidence of the (10)  dangers  of considering persons as split (11)between  what is "inside" and what is "outside" (12)than  that interminable half-comic half-tragic tale, the (13)oppression of women. How easy it is to start off by (14)defining  women as caretakers of their surfaces, and (15)then  to disparage them (or find them adorable) for being "superficial."

  It is a crude (16) trap , and it has worked for too long. But to get out of the trap (17)requires  that women get some critical distance from that excellence and (18)privilege  which is beauty, enough distance to see how much beauty itself has been abridged in order to (19)prop  up the mythology of the "feminine." There should be a way of (20)saving  beauty from women-and for them.

三，翻译

A beautiful woman, we say in English. But a handsome man. "Handsome" is the masculine equivalent of-and refusal of-a compliment which has accumulated certain demeaning overtones, by being reserved for women only. That one can call a man "beautiful" in French and in Italian suggests that Catholic countries-unlike those countries shaped by the Protestant version of Christianity-still retain some vestiges of the pagan admiration for beauty.

英语中我们说“美丽的女人，”但是“英俊的男子。”“英俊”即男性的美丽，男人们拒绝用“美丽”这个词，因为它是专门留给女人的，这句恭维已经日积月累带上了一定的贬意。在法语和意大利语中人们仍会用“美丽”来形容男人，看来天主教国家不像深受基督教新教影响的国家，仍然保留了一些异教徒对美丽的欣赏。

But the difference, if one exists, is of degree only. In every modem country that is Christian or post-Christian, women are the beautiful sex-to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women.

但这类差别即便存在，也只是程度上略有不同而已。在所有基督教或后基督教的现代国家里，女人都是一种美丽的性别——这种联系不仅损害了人们对美丽的看法，也无助于女性的自身形象

But the difference, if one exists, is of degree only. In every modem country that is Christian or post-Christian, women are the beautiful sex-to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women.

但这类差别即便存在，也只是程度上略有不同而已。在所有基督教或后基督教的现代国家里，女人都是一种美丽的性别——这种联系不仅损害了人们对美丽的看法，也无助于女性的自身形象。

In men, good looks is a whole, something taken in at a glance. It does not need to be confirmed by giving measurements of different regions of the body, nobody encourages a man to dissect his appearance, feature by feature. As for perfection, that is considered trivial-almost unmanly.

对男人而言，长相好指的是整体，是瞟一眼就能得到的整体印象。不必对身体的不同部分进行测量，也没有人鼓励一个男子把他的外表按一个个部位分开来看。至于完美的外表，那是无关紧要的——几乎可以说不够男人味儿。

Indeed, in the ideally good-looking man a small imperfection or blemish is considered positively desirable. According to one movie critic (a woman) who is a declared Robert Redford fan, it is having that cluster of skin-colored moles on one cheek that saves Redford from being merely a "pretty face." Think of the depreciation of women-as well as of beauty-that is implied in that judgment.

实际上，理想的美男子有一点缺陷或瑕疵反倒是令人向往的。据一位自认是罗伯特·雷德福影迷的(女性)电影评论家所言，雷德福脸上那片近肤色的胎迹使他免于仅仅沦为一张“漂亮的脸蛋”。想想隐含在这番话中的对女性的贬损——也是对美丽的眨损。

 

1、如果学生的奖学金是免税的，就不用在联邦所得税申报书上填报了。 (be exempt from)

If the student's scholarship income is exempt from taxation, there is no need to report it on the federal income tax return.

2、我生于戏剧工作者之家，注定了我的舞台生涯。 (be destined for)

Coming from a theatrical family, I was destined for a career on the stage, i.e. I was expected to be an actor.

3、看到五星红旗在奥运赛场上一次次升起，我们不禁为自己身为中国人而骄傲。(pride oneself in doing something)

Watching the five-star red flag rising again and again in Olympic games, we can’t help priding ourselves in being Chinese.

4、懒惰和浮躁的情绪会不可避免地滋生，但是我们有足够的时间在学习、工作中把它们清理出去。（creep in）

There are not enough trained younger men and women ready to take over from older experts.

5、在变化和竞争的时代，真正优秀的人力资源应该是输得起的人，他们即使输了也能东山再起。（start over）

Unavoidably, laziness and impulsiveness will creep in, but there will be time to comb them out in the course of study and work.

6、邦妮死后的一段时间里，斯佳丽迁怒于白瑞德，她过于沉浸在自己的悲痛中，以至于只有在仆人跟前才跟他客气地说说话。（be preoccupied with）

In these competitive times, people should not be afraid of losing. They should be prepared to start all over again. This is the touchstone of a truly quality workforce.

7、管账的怒目斜视着小伙计，但因我在旁边，他没有说什么，只是重重地打着算盘。（bite one’s tongue）

For some time after Bonnie's death she had been too angry with him, too preoccupied with her own grief to do more than speak politely in front of the servants.

8、爱虚荣的人津津乐道于讲述他们取得何种荣誉。（delight in）

The cashier cast an angry sidelong glance at the young clerk, but he had to bite his tongue in my presence and worked his abacus heavily.