(一)spring基础
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从现在开始,我将从Spring为起点,逐步复习几大框架各方面的知识,以便今后查看使用
第一各Spring示例
必须包:spring-framework-2.5.6\dist\spring.jar
spring-framework-2.5.6\lib\jakarta-commons\common-logging.jar
为了方便测试还需要:spring-framework-2.5.6\lib\junit\junit4.4.jar
第一步,先在spring资源包找到:spring-framework-2.5.6\samples\jpetstore\attributes\WEB-INF\applictionContext.xml
找到后将多余的删除,留下最基本的
- <span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
- </beans></span></span>
UserDAO.java
- <span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;">package com.test.domain;
- public interface UserDAO {
- void say();
- }</span></span><span style="font-size: large;">
- </span>
UserDAOImpl.java
- <span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;">package com.test.domain;
- public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO {
- @Override
- public void say() {
- System.out.println("i can speak");
- }
- }</span></span><span style="font-size: large;">
- </span>
applictionContext.xml
- <span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
- <beans>
- <bean id="userDAO" class="com.test.domain.UserDAOImpl"/>
- </beans></span></span><span style="font-size: large;">
- </span>
测试类
- <span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;">package com.test.domain;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
- public class MyTest {
- @Test
- public void testUser(){
- ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
- UserDAO dao=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO");
- dao.say();
- }
- }</span></span><span style="font-size: large;">
- </span>
测试结果:i can speak
Spring加载XML配置文件的方式
spring 中加载xml配置文件的方式,好像有3种, xml是最常见的spring 应用系统配置源。Spring中的几种容器都支持使用xml装配bean,包括:
XmlBeanFactory ,
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ,
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext ,
XmlWebApplicationContext
一、XmlBeanFactory 引用资源
Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("appcontext.xml");
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
二、ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 编译路径
1)ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:appcontext.xml");
2)ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("appcontext.xml"); // src目录下的
3)ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/appcontext.xml"); // src/conf 目录下的
4)ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("file:G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");
5)String[] locations = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplication(locations);
三 、 用文件系统的路径
1) ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("src/appcontext.xml");
//使用了 classpath: 前缀,作为标志, 这样,FileSystemXmlApplicationContext 也能够读入classpath下的相对路径
2)ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:appcontext.xml");
3)ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("file:G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");
4)ApplicationContext factory=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("G:/Test/src/appcontext.xml");
5)String[] locations = {"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(locations );
四、XmlWebApplicationContext 是专为Web工程定制的。
ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();
ApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext );
注:其中FileSystemXmlApplicationContext和ClassPathXmlApplicationContext与BeanFactory的xml文件定位方式一样是基于路径的
Spring的实例化Bean有三种方式:
使用类构造器直接实例化
使用静态工厂的方法实例化
使用实例工厂方法实例化
具体对应配置如
- <span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
- <beans>
- <!--Spring的实例化Bean有三种方式:-->
- <!-- 使用类构造器直接实例化 -->
- <bean id="userDAO" class="com.test.domain.UserDAOImpl"/>
- <!-- 使用静态工厂的方法实例化 -->
- <bean id="userDAO1" class="com.test.domain.BeanFactory" factory-method="UserDAOService" />
- <!-- 使用实例工厂方法实例化 -->
- <bean id="factory" class="com.test.domain.BeanFactory" />
- <bean id="userDAO2" factory-bean="factory" factory-method="getUserDAOService" />
- </beans>
- </span></span>
BeanFactory.java
- <span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;">package com.test.domain;
- public class BeanFactory {
- //使用静态工厂的方法实例化使用
- public static UserDAO UserDAOService()
- {
- return new UserDAOImpl();
- }
- public UserDAO getUserDAOService()
- {
- return new UserDAOImpl();
- }
- }</span></span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;">
- </span></span>
测试类
- <span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;">package com.test.domain;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
- public class MyTest {
- @Test
- public void testUser(){
- ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
- UserDAO dao=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO");
- dao.say();
- UserDAO dao2=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO2");
- dao2.say();
- UserDAO dao3=(UserDAO)context.getBean("userDAO3");
- dao3.say();
- }
- }
- </span></span>
测试结果
i can speak
i can speak
i can speak
PS:Spring的配置文件引入方式
1)传统配置多个文件,applicationContext-xx.xml,applicationContext-yy.xml,applicatonContext-zz.xml
那么在web.xml中引入这么多文件可以是这样写
- <span style="font-size: large;"> <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
- </context-param></span>
2)第二种方式,也是上面那么三个配置文件,那么我们可以将-yy.xml和-zz.xml都配置在-xx.xml中去,然后再在web.xml中单独配置-xx.xml就可以
applicationContext-xx.xml
- <span style="font-size: large;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
- <import resource="classpath:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext-yy.xml" />
- <import resource="classpath:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext-zz.xml" />
- </beans></span>
那么在web.xml中应该是
- <span style="font-size: large;"><context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath*:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext-xx.xml</param-value>
- </context-param></span>
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