一、lucene3.5的创建和增删改查

1、工程结构

2、索引创建时的属性：

Field.Store.YES或者NO(存储域选项)
设置为YES表示或把这个域中的内容完全存储到文件中，方便进行文本的还原
设置为NO表示把这个域的内容不存储到文件中，但是可以被索引，此时内容无法完全还原(doc.get)

Field.Index(索引选项)
Index.ANALYZED:进行分词和索引，适用于标题、内容等
Index.NOT_ANALYZED:进行索引，但是不进行分词，如果身份证号，姓名，ID等，适用于精确搜索
Index.ANALYZED_NOT_NORMS:进行分词但是不存储norms信息，这个norms中包括了创建索引的时间和权值等信息
norms中存储了很多排序的信息，
Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NOT_NORMS:即不进行分词也不存储norms信息
Index.NO:不进行索引 

3、lucene的增删改查类

package org.itat.index;import java.io.IOException;import java.text.ParseException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;import org.apache.lucene.document.NumericField;import org.apache.lucene.index.CorruptIndexException;import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig;import org.apache.lucene.index.StaleReaderException;import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;import org.apache.lucene.search.TermQuery;import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;import org.apache.lucene.store.LockObtainFailedException;import org.apache.lucene.store.RAMDirectory;import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;public class IndexUtil {private String[] ids = {"1","2","3","4","5","6"};private String[] emails = {"[e-mail]","[e-mail]","[e-mail]","[e-mail]","[e-mail]","[e-mail]"};private String[] contents = {"welcome to visited the space,I like book","hello boy, I like pingpeng ball","my name is cc I like game","I like football","I like football and I like basketball too","I like movie and swim"};private Date[] dates = null;private int[] attachs = {2,3,1,4,5,5};private String[] names = {"zhangsan","lisi","john","jetty","mike","jake"};private Directory directory = null;private Map<String,Float> scores = new HashMap<String,Float>();private static IndexReader reader = null;public IndexUtil() {try {setDates();scores.put("itat.org",2.0f);scores.put("zttc.edu", 1.5f);//directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("d:/lucene/index02"));directory = new RAMDirectory();index();reader = IndexReader.open(directory,false);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/** * 对于IndexReader而言，反复使用Index.open打开会有很大的开销，所以一般在整个程序的生命周期中 * 只会打开一个IndexReader,通过这个IndexReader来创建不同的IndexSearcher,如果使用单例模式， * 可能出现的问题有： * 1、当使用Writer修改了索引之后不会更新信息，所以需要使用IndexReader.openIfChange方法操作 * 如果IndexWriter在创建完成之后，没有关闭，需要进行commit操作之后才能提交 * @return */public IndexSearcher getSearcher() {try {if(reader==null) {reader = IndexReader.open(directory,false);} else {IndexReader tr = IndexReader.openIfChanged(reader);//如果原来的reader没改变，返回null//如果原来的reader改变，则更新为新的索引if(tr!=null) {reader.close();reader = tr;}}return new IndexSearcher(reader);} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}private void setDates() {SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");try {dates = new Date[ids.length];dates[0] = sdf.parse("2010-02-19");dates[1] = sdf.parse("2012-01-11");dates[2] = sdf.parse("2011-09-19");dates[3] = sdf.parse("2010-12-22");dates[4] = sdf.parse("2012-01-01");dates[5] = sdf.parse("2011-05-19");} catch (ParseException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/** * 把之前删除的索引数据进行恢复 */public void undelete() {//使用IndexReader进行恢复try {IndexReader reader = IndexReader.open(directory,false);//恢复时，必须把IndexReader的只读(readOnly)设置为falsereader.undeleteAll();reader.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (StaleReaderException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/** * forceMerge是lucene3.5之前替代optimize方法的，其实只是改了个名称，因为优化的使效率变低 * 因为一到优化它就会全部更新索引，这个所涉及到的负载是很大的 * 所以改了个名称，不推荐使用，在做优化的时候会把索引回收站中的数据文件全部删除 * lucene会在你写索引的时候根据你的索引的段越来越多会自动帮忙优化的，force是强制优化 */public void merge() {IndexWriter writer = null;try {writer = new IndexWriter(directory,new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_35,new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));//会将索引合并为2段，这两段中的被删除的数据会被清空//特别注意：此处Lucene在3.5之后不建议使用，因为会消耗大量的开销，//Lucene会根据情况自动处理的writer.forceMerge(2);} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if(writer!=null) writer.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}/** * 假如你想要强制删除回收站的信息可以调用writer.forceMergeDeletes()这个方法， * 但是这个方法不推荐使用，比较消耗内存，lucene会自动根据容量的大小删除所删除的文件 */public void forceDelete() {IndexWriter writer = null;try {writer = new IndexWriter(directory,new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_35,new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));writer.forceMergeDeletes();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if(writer!=null) writer.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}/** * 删除索引数据,默认不会完全删除，被放入索引回收站 */public void delete() {IndexWriter writer = null;try {writer = new IndexWriter(directory,new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_35,new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));//参数是一个选项，可以是一个Query，也可以是一个term，term是一个精确查找的值//此时删除的文档并不会被完全删除，而是存储在一个回收站中的，可以恢复//执行完这个操作，索引文件夹下就会多出一个名叫_0_1.del的文件，也就是删除的文件在这个文件中记录了writer.deleteDocuments(new Term("id","1"));writer.commit();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if(writer!=null) writer.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}/** * 使用reader删除，其实里面也会调用writer删除， * 优点是使用reader删除马上会更新索引信息 * 现在一般还是使用writer来删除，reader.getWriter这个方法被过时了 */public void delete02() {try {reader.deleteDocuments(new Term("id","1"));} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/** * 更新操作 * Lucene并没有提供更新，这里的更新操作其实是如下两个操作的合集 * 先删除之后再添加 */public void update() {IndexWriter writer = null;try {writer = new IndexWriter(directory,new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_35,new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));Document doc = new Document();doc.add(new Field("id","11",Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));doc.add(new Field("email",emails[0],Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));doc.add(new Field("content",contents[0],Field.Store.NO,Field.Index.ANALYZED));doc.add(new Field("name",names[0],Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));writer.updateDocument(new Term("id","1"), doc);} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if(writer!=null) writer.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}public void query() {try {IndexReader reader = IndexReader.open(directory);//通过reader可以有效的获取到文档的数量System.out.println("numDocs:"+reader.numDocs());//存储的文档数//不包括被删除的System.out.println("maxDocs:"+reader.maxDoc());//总存储量,包括在回收站中的索引System.out.println("deleteDocs:"+reader.numDeletedDocs());reader.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/** *索引文件后缀为.fmn为保存的是域的名称等 * .fdt和.fdx保存的是Store.YES的信息，保存域里面存储的数据 * .frq表示这里的域哪些出现多少次，哪些单词出现多少次， * .nrm存储一些评分信息 * .prx存储一些偏移量等 * .tii和.tis专门存储索引里面的所有内容信息 */public void index() {IndexWriter writer = null;try {//在2.9版本之后,lucene的就不是全部的索引格式都兼容的了,所以在使用的时候必须写明版本号writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));writer.deleteAll();//清空索引Document doc = null;for(int i=0;i<ids.length;i++) {doc = new Document();doc.add(new Field("id",ids[i],Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));doc.add(new Field("email",emails[i],Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));doc.add(new Field("email","test"+i+"@test.com",Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));doc.add(new Field("content",contents[i],Field.Store.NO,Field.Index.ANALYZED));doc.add(new Field("name",names[i],Field.Store.YES,Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));//存储数字//NumberTools.stringToLong("");已经被标记为过时了doc.add(new NumericField("attach",Field.Store.YES,true).setIntValue(attachs[i]));//存储日期doc.add(new NumericField("date",Field.Store.YES,true).setLongValue(dates[i].getTime()));String et = emails[i].substring(emails[i].lastIndexOf("@")+1);System.out.println(et);if(scores.containsKey(et)) {doc.setBoost(scores.get(et));} else {doc.setBoost(0.5f);//默认是1.0f}writer.addDocument(doc);}} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if(writer!=null)writer.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}public void search01() {try {IndexReader reader = IndexReader.open(directory);IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);TermQuery query = new TermQuery(new Term("email","[e-mail]"));TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, 10);for(ScoreDoc sd:tds.scoreDocs) {Document doc = searcher.doc(sd.doc);System.out.println("("+sd.doc+"-"+doc.getBoost()+"-"+sd.score+")"+doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+doc.get("attach")+","+doc.get("date")+","+doc.getValues("email")[1]);}reader.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void search02() {try {IndexSearcher searcher = getSearcher();TermQuery query = new TermQuery(new Term("content","like"));TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, 10);for(ScoreDoc sd:tds.scoreDocs) {Document doc = searcher.doc(sd.doc);System.out.println(doc.get("id")+"---->"+doc.get("name")+"["+doc.get("email")+"]-->"+doc.get("id")+","+doc.get("attach")+","+doc.get("date")+","+doc.getValues("email")[1]);}searcher.close();} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

4、lucene的单元测试类

package org.itat.test;import org.itat.index.IndexUtil;import org.junit.Test;public class TestIndex {@Testpublic void testIndex() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.index();}@Testpublic void testQuery() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.query();}@Testpublic void testDelete() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.delete();}@Testpublic void testDelete02() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.delete02();}@Testpublic void testUnDelete() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.undelete();}@Testpublic void testForceDelete() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.forceDelete();}@Testpublic void testMerge() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.merge();}@Testpublic void testUpdate() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.update();}@Testpublic void testSearch01() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();iu.search01();}@Testpublic void testSearch02() {IndexUtil iu = new IndexUtil();for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {iu.search02();System.out.println("-----------------------------");try {Thread.sleep(10000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}

工程下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/wxwzy738/5256133