adb命令详解

ADB是一个功能强大的命令行工具。通过它可以直接和模拟器或真机进行交互。它是一个具有客户端和服务器端的程序，它主要由三个部分组成：
1:客户端，它运行在你的开发机上，你可以通过执行adb命令来唤起一个客户端。其他的工具例如：ADT插件以及DDMS也可以创建一个ADB客户端。
2：服务端，它运行在你的后台进程，这个服务管理客户端和运行在你模拟起或真机上的守护进程。
3:守护进程，它运行在每台模拟器或真机的后台进程。

当你启动一个adb客户端的时候，客户端会首先检测是否已经有adb 服务进程运行，如果没有运行，那么它会首先启动一个服务进程，当服务进程启动后，服务进程绑定本地的5037端口，并且监听所有来自adb 客户端的命令，所有的adb客户端通过5037与adb 服务端进行交互。

服务端之后与所有运行的模拟器或真机建立链接，它通过一组范围从5555 到5585的奇数的端口检索到所有的模拟器或真机。每一台模拟器或真机需要获取一对连续的端口，偶数端口用于控制台的链接，奇数端口用于adb的链接。

当然，如果你用Eclipse开发，并且也安装了ADT插件，那么你没必要通过adb命令行与模拟器或真机交互，ADT插件已经完美的将adb整合进了Eclipse IDE.当然在此还是提倡多使用adb命令行，这样的话比较方便自定义一些debug方法，同时也可以更好的理解其工作原理。

adb命令参数详解：

 

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~# adb --help  2 Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.29  3   4  -d                            - directs command to the only connected USB device  5                                  returns an error if more than one USB device is present.  6  -e                            - directs command to the only running emulator.  7                                  returns an error if more than one emulator is running.  8  -s             - directs command to the USB device or emulator with  9                                  the given serial number. Overrides ANDROID_SERIAL 10                                  environment variable. 11  -p      - simple product name like 'sooner', or 12                                  a relative/absolute path to a product 13                                  out directory like 'out/target/product/sooner'. 14                                  If -p is not specified, the ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT 15                                  environment variable is used, which must 16                                  be an absolute path. 17  devices                       - list all connected devices 18  connect [:]       - connect to a device via TCP/IP 19                                  Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified. 20  disconnect [[:]]  - disconnect from a TCP/IP device. 21                                  Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified. 22                                  Using this command with no additional arguments 23                                  will disconnect from all connected TCP/IP devices. 24  25 device commands: 26   adb push      - copy file/dir to device 27   adb pull  []  - copy file/dir from device 28   adb sync [  ]     - copy host->device only if changed 29                                  (-l means list but don't copy) 30                                  (see 'adb help all') 31   adb shell                    - run remote shell interactively 32   adb shell           - run remote shell command 33   adb emu             - run emulator console command 34   adb logcat [  ] - View device log 35   adb forward   - forward socket connections 36                                  forward specs are one of: 37                                    tcp: 38                                    localabstract: 39                                    localreserved: 40                                    localfilesystem: 41                                    dev: 42                                    jdwp: (remote only) 43   adb jdwp                     - list PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport 44   adb install [-l] [-r] [-s] [--algo  --key  --iv ] 45                                - push this package file to the device and install it 46                                  ('-l' means forward-lock the app) 47                                  ('-r' means reinstall the app, keeping its data) 48                                  ('-s' means install on SD card instead of internal storage) 49                                  ('--algo', '--key', and '--iv' mean the file is encrypted already) 50   adb uninstall [-k]  - remove this app package from the device 51                                  ('-k' means keep the data and cache directories) 52   adb bugreport                - return all information from the device 53                                  that should be included in a bug report. 54  55   adb backup [-f ] [-apk|-noapk] [-shared|-noshared] [-all] [-system|-nosystem] [] 56                                - write an archive of the device's data to . 57                                  If no -f option is supplied then the data is written 58                                  to "backup.ab" in the current directory. 59                                  (-apk|-noapk enable/disable backup of the .apks themselves 60                                     in the archive; the default is noapk.) 61                                  (-shared|-noshared enable/disable backup of the device's 62                                     shared storage / SD card contents; the default is noshared.) 63                                  (-all means to back up all installed applications) 64                                  (-system|-nosystem toggles whether -all automatically includes 65                                     system applications; the default is to include system apps) 66                                  ( is the list of applications to be backed up.  If 67                                     the -all or -shared flags are passed, then the package 68                                     list is optional.  Applications explicitly given on the 69                                     command line will be included even if -nosystem would 70                                     ordinarily cause them to be omitted.) 71  72   adb restore            - restore device contents from the  backup archive 73  74   adb help                     - show this help message 75   adb version                  - show version num 76  77 scripting: 78   adb wait-for-device          - block until device is online 79   adb start-server             - ensure that there is a server running 80   adb kill-server              - kill the server if it is running 81   adb get-state                - prints: offline | bootloader | device 82   adb get-serialno             - prints: 83   adb status-window            - continuously print device status for a specified device 84   adb remount                  - remounts the /system partition on the device read-write 85   adb reboot [bootloader|recovery] - reboots the device, optionally into the bootloader or recovery program 86   adb reboot-bootloader        - reboots the device into the bootloader 87   adb root                     - restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions 88   adb usb                      - restarts the adbd daemon listening on USB 89   adb tcpip              - restarts the adbd daemon listening on TCP on the specified port 90 networking: 91   adb ppp  [parameters]   - Run PPP over USB. 92  Note: you should not automatically start a PPP connection. 93   refers to the tty for PPP stream. Eg. dev:/dev/omap_csmi_tty1 94  [parameters] - Eg. defaultroute debug dump local notty usepeerdns 95  96 adb sync notes: adb sync [  ] 97    can be interpreted in several ways: 98  99   - If  is not specified, both /system and /data partitions will be updated.100 101   - If it is "system" or "data", only the corresponding partition102     is updated.103 104 environmental variables:105   ADB_TRACE                    - Print debug information. A comma separated list of the following values106                                  1 or all, adb, sockets, packets, rwx, usb, sync, sysdeps, transport, jdwp107   ANDROID_SERIAL               - The serial number to connect to. -s takes priority over this if given.108   ANDROID_LOG_TAGS             - When used with the logcat option, only these debug tags are printed.

//查看所有当前通过USB设备连接的设备

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~# adb devicesList of devices attachedemulator-5554    device0288424641407417    deviceHT9CRP810308    device

//指定某一个模拟器或真机

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~/图片# adb -s emulator-5554 shell#

//打印日志

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~# adb logcat

//上传一个文件

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~/图片# adb push ./sina_login.png /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/sina_login.png129 KB/s (5676 bytes in 0.042s)

//上传一个目录

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~/图片# adb push ./emo /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emopush: ./emo/a1e6.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1e6.pngpush: ./emo/a1d7.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1d7.pngpush: ./emo/a1c2.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1c2.pngpush: ./emo/a1b3.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1b3.pngpush: ./emo/a1e2.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1e2.pngpush: ./emo/a1b2.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1b2.pngpush: ./emo/a1e3.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1e3.pngpush: ./emo/a1a1.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1a1.pngpush: ./emo/a1e4.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1e4.pngpush: ./emo/a1b4.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1b4.pngpush: ./emo/a1e5.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1e5.pngpush: ./emo/a1c7.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1c7.pngpush: ./emo/a1d2.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1d2.pngpush: ./emo/a1c6.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1c6.pngpush: ./emo/a1a7.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1a7.pngpush: ./emo/a1d3.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1d3.pngpush: ./emo/a1c5.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1c5.pngpush: ./emo/a1c4.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1c4.pngpush: ./emo/a1c3.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1c3.pngpush: ./emo/a1d4.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1d4.pngpush: ./emo/a1c1.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1c1.pngpush: ./emo/a1b7.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1b7.pngpush: ./emo/a1a4.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1a4.pngpush: ./emo/a1d6.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1d6.pngpush: ./emo/a1b6.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1b6.pngpush: ./emo/a1d5.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1d5.pngpush: ./emo/a1b1.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1b1.pngpush: ./emo/a1a3.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1a3.pngpush: ./emo/a1b5.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1b5.pngpush: ./emo/a1e7.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1e7.pngpush: ./emo/a1d1.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1d1.pngpush: ./emo/a1e1.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1e1.pngpush: ./emo/a1a6.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1a6.pngpush: ./emo/a1a5.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1a5.pngpush: ./emo/a1a2.png -> /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/emo/a1a2.png35 files pushed. 0 files skipped.130 KB/s (222845 bytes in 1.671s)

//下载一个文件

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~/图片# adb pull /mnt/sdcard/DCIM/Camera/IMG_20121130_102210.jpg ./IMG_20121130_102210.jpg280 KB/s (24741 bytes in 0.086s)

//下载一个目录，这里不用设置递归参数-R，而且空目录没有下载下来

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:~/图片# adb pull /mnt/sdcard/GigaTalk ./GigaTalkpull: building file list...pull: /mnt/sdcard/GigaTalk/589f6f99f0613ef6a8a901a2db7d533a/avatars/a1a5fc19-d490-48f7-ac19-7837c15b7a24 -> ./GigaTalk/589f6f99f0613ef6a8a901a2db7d533a/avatars/a1a5fc19-d490-48f7-ac19-7837c15b7a24pull: /mnt/sdcard/GigaTalk/589f6f99f0613ef6a8a901a2db7d533a/avatars/cce75fea-0c50-4f07-8ec8-039ff811b625 -> ./GigaTalk/589f6f99f0613ef6a8a901a2db7d533a/avatars/cce75fea-0c50-4f07-8ec8-039ff811b625pull: /mnt/sdcard/GigaTalk/589f6f99f0613ef6a8a901a2db7d533a/avatars/1189208a-f353-4227-b038-50cd9c6622bb -> ./GigaTalk/589f6f99f0613ef6a8a901a2db7d533a/avatars/1189208a-f353-4227-b038-50cd9c6622bbpull: /mnt/sdcard/GigaTalk/589f6f99f0613ef6a8a901a2db7d533a/avatars/8615019451733 -> ./GigaTalk/589f6f99f0613ef6a8a901a2db7d533a/avatars/86150194517334 files pulled. 0 files skipped.37 KB/s (32886 bytes in 0.846s)

//安装APK

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:/home/ithouge/APK/Bigram/2.5.6# adb install BigramPaid.apk1872 KB/s (30541229 bytes in 15.930s)    pkg: /data/local/tmp/BigramPaid.apkFailure [INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE]

//指定安装到SD卡

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:/home/ithouge/APK/Bigram/2.5.6# adb install -s BigramPaid.apk2262 KB/s (30541229 bytes in 13.180s)    pkg: /sdcard/tmp/BigramPaid.apkSuccess

//再次安装，提示错误信息:已安装

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:/home/ithouge/APK/Bigram/2.5.6# adb install -s BigramPaid.apk2322 KB/s (30541229 bytes in 12.839s)    pkg: /sdcard/tmp/BigramPaid.apkFailure [INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS]

//重新安装，保留原有数据，允许共用包名及数字签名

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:/home/ithouge/APK/Bigram/2.5.6# adb install -r BigramPaid.apk2526 KB/s (30541229 bytes in 11.806s)    pkg: /data/local/tmp/BigramPaid.apk

以下是安装APK过程中常见的一些错误信息。

int INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS               程序已经存在int INSTALL_FAILED_CONFLICTING_PROVIDER   存在同名的内容提供者int INSTALL_FAILED_DEXOPT  dex优化验证失败int INSTALL_FAILED_DUPLICATE_PACKAGE  已存在同名程序int INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE  没有足够的存储空间int INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK  无效的APKint INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_URI  无效的链接int INSTALL_FAILED_MISSING_SHARED_LIBRARY  需求的共享库已丢失int INSTALL_FAILED_NO_SHARED_USER  要求的共享用户不存在int INSTALL_FAILED_OLDER_SDK 系统版本过旧int INSTALL_FAILED_REPLACE_COULDNT_DELETEint INSTALL_FAILED_SHARED_USER_INCOMPATIBLE  需求的共享用户签名错误int INSTALL_FAILED_UPDATE_INCOMPATIBLE  版本不能共存int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_BAD_MANIFEST  错误的MANIFEST配置文件int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_BAD_PACKAGE_NAME  错误的包名int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_BAD_SHARED_USER_ID  错误的共享用户int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_CERTIFICATE_ENCODING  证书编码无效int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_INCONSISTENT_CERTIFICATES证书不一致int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_EMPTY  MANIFEST配置文件为空int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED  MANIFEST配置文件非法int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_NOT_APK  不是有效的APK文件int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_NO_CERTIFICATES  无认证证书int INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_UNEXPECTED_EXCEPTION  异常int INSTALL_SUCCEEDED  安装成功int REPLACE_EXISTING_PACKAGE  包名已存在

//'-k' 保留数据以及缓存目录

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:/home/ithouge/APK/Bigram/2.5.6# adb uninstall com.gigabud.bigramSuccess

//重新加载/system 分区

root@ithouge-OptiPlex-780:/home/ithouge/APK/Bigram/2.5.6# adb remountremount succeeded