使用Maven进行项目管理

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一. 操作系统配置Maven

1. 访问Maven下载页面：http://maven.apache.org/download.html

获取apache-maven-3.0.4-bin.tar.gz。解压到指定目录，如E:\lib\apache-maven-3.0.4-bin。

2. 接着设置系统环境变量：

新建一系统变量，命名为M2_HOME，变量值为Maven的安装（解压）目录E:\lib\apache-maven-3.0.4-bin。

接着在Path变量值末尾添加 ;%M2_HOME%\bin;，点击确定完成。

3. 打开一个cmd窗口检查Maven安装情况：

1）检查环境变量M2_HOME是否指向了正确的Maven安装目录-----echo %M2_HOME%

2）检查系统是否能够找到正确的mvn执行脚本----mvn -v

4. 把以下setting.xml文件（牵涉到私服地址的配置）放入%USERPROFILE%/m2/setting.xml（windows）中（没有则创建）或~/.m2/setting.xml（UNIX）。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

<pluginGroup>org.mortbay.jetty</pluginGroup>

<pluginGroup>org.apache.tomcat.maven</pluginGroup>

</pluginGroups>

<id>nexus-releases</id>

<username>admin</username>

</server>

<id>nexus-snapshots</id>

<username>admin</username>

</server>

</servers>

<id>nexus</id>

<name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name>

<url>http://192.168.2.145:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

</mirror>

</mirrors>

<id>nexus</id>

<id>central</id>

<name>Public Repositories</name>

<url>http://192.168.2.145:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

</snapshots>

</repository>

</repositories>

<id>central</id>

<name>Public Repositories</name>

<url>http://192.168.2.145:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>

</releases>

</snapshots>

</pluginRepository>

</pluginRepositories>

</profile>

</profiles>

<activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>

</activeProfiles>

</settings>

二. Myeclipse配置Maven4MyEclipse

1. 下文版本提到的Myeclipse版本都为8.6

1)为Myeclipse启用Maven特性

2)启用打开MyEclipse时更新仓库、依赖,启用多模块支持

3)更改为本地安装的Maven库。

三. Maven的Web工程创建过程

1. 使用命令行创建

首先在命令行中建立项目骨架，输入命令

mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp

Choose a number or apply filter (format: [groupId:]artifactId, case sensitive co

ntains): 219: 219

Choose org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart version:

1: 1.0-alpha-1

2: 1.0-alpha-2

3: 1.0-alpha-3

4: 1.0-alpha-4

5: 1.0

6: 1.1

Choose a number: 6: 6

Define value for property 'groupId': :com.yuanwang.smp.web

Define value for property 'artifactId': :smp-project

Define value for property 'version': 1.0-SNAPSHOT: :

Define value for property 'package': com.yuanwang.smp.web: :

Confirm properties configuration:

groupId: com.yuanwang.smp.web

artifactId: smp-project

version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT

package: com.yuanwang.smp.web

Y: : Y

[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------------

---

[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype:

maven-archetype-webapp:1.0

[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------------

---

[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.yuanwang.smp.web

[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.yuanwang.smp.web

[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.yuanwang.smp.web

[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: smp-project

[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: D:\

[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT

[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: D:\smp-project

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

[INFO] Total time: 1:10.911s

[INFO] Finished at: Sat Sep 27 15:26:42 CST 2012

[INFO] Final Memory: 13M/123M

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

依次输入以上红色加粗命令，即可创建好一个web工程的项目结构，目录结构如下:

smp-project

+---pom.xml

+---src

+---main

+---resources

+---webapp

+---index.jsp

+---WEB-INF

+---web.xml