android中广播的两种启动方式浅析【自定义Action】

1：注册广播：（有两种方式）

     一是动态方式使用Context.registerReceiver()方法来注册；
     二是静态方式,即在AndroidManifest.xml中通过<receiver> 。

2：发送广播：

      在需要广播的地方sendBroadcast(intent); 之前要给Intent的对象intent 设置Action （Action可以被系统的或自定义的）和 data。

3：接收广播：

           就是在extends Broadcast的那个类中， onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)方法要做的事情。

***静态方式*****

main.xml

?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 

    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 

    android:layout_height="fill_parent" 

    android:orientation="vertical" > 

   

    <Button 

        android:id="@+id/b" 

        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 

        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 

        android:text="发送" /> 

    <Button 

        android:id="@+id/cancle" 

        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 

        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 

        android:text="exit" /> 

   

</LinearLayout> 

Activity：

public class TestActivityextends Activity {

     

    private Button b;

    private Button cancle;

    public static final String MY_ACTION = "mxp";

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        b = (Button) findViewById(R.id.b);

        cancle = (Button) findViewById(R.id.cancle);

         

        b.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

             

            @Override

            public void onClick(View v) {

                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                Intent intent  = new Intent();

                intent.setAction(MY_ACTION);

                intent.putExtra("msg","asdsdas");

                sendBroadcast(intent);

            }

        });

        cancle.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

             

            @Override

            public void onClick(View v) {

                finish();

            }

        });

    }

}

　　AndroidManifest.xml

?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    package="m.m.m"

    android:versionCode="1"

    android:versionName="1.0" >

 

    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />

 

    <application

        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

        android:label="@string/app_name" >

        <activity

            android:name=".TestActivity"

            android:label="@string/app_name" >

            <intent-filter>

                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

 

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

            </intent-filter>

        </activity>

         

        <receiver android:name=".BroadCastActivity">

            <intent-filter >

                <action android:name="mxp"/>

            </intent-filter>

        </receiver>

         

    </application>

 

</manifest>

 总结 ：自定义Action，就是定义一个静态常量如：public static final String MY_ACTION = "mxp";但是不要和系统的重复哦！

                对我而言，关键是注册，即

                 <receiver android:name=".BroadCastActivity">  注册广播

                       <intent-filter >

                            <action android:name="mxp"/> 定义action

                       </intent-filter>

               </receiver>

 

***动态方式：*************

 1）不要androidManifest.xml文件中注册 ，即删除刚才注册的部分

  2） 在启动服务的地方，即发送按钮的监听器里注册，再启动服务

  TestActivity.java 多了注册的代码：myReceiver = new MyReceiver();
                             IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
                           filter.addAction(MY_ACTION);

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.content.IntentFilter;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.widget.Button;

 

public class TestActivityextends Activity {

     

    private Button bind;

    private Button unbind;

    private Button cancle;

    protected MyReceiver myReceiver;

    public static final String MY_ACTION = "mxp";

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        bind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bind);

        unbind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.unbind);

        cancle = (Button) findViewById(R.id.cancle);

         

        bind.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

             

            @Override

            public void onClick(View v) {

                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                 

                myReceiver = new BroadCastActivity();

                IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();

                filter.addAction(MY_ACTION);

                 

                TestActivity.this.registerReceiver(myReceiver, filter);

                System.out.println("bind");

                 

                Intent intent  = new Intent();

                intent.setAction(MY_ACTION);

                intent.putExtra("msg","asdsdas");

                sendBroadcast(intent);

            }

        });

        unbind.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

             

            @Override

            public void onClick(View v) {

                TestActivity.this.unregisterReceiver(myReceiver);

                System.out.println("unbind");

            }

        });

        cancle.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

             

            @Override

            public void onClick(View v) {

                finish();

            }

        });

    }

     

    @Override

    protected void onResume() {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        super.onResume();

    }

}

　　main.xml

?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

    android:layout_height="fill_parent"

    android:orientation="vertical" >

 

    <Button

        android:id="@+id/bind"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="绑定" />

    <Button

        android:id="@+id/unbind"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="取消绑定" />

    <Button

        android:id="@+id/cancle"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="exit" />

 

</LinearLayout>

　总结：我在测试时点击绑定怎么都不显示Toast的内容，原因是我只注册了广播，没有发送广播。要想广播响应，一定要注册还要发送！