Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之三----如何改变DataGrid的背景色

 

                Winform DataGrid设计三步曲之三

                                        如何改变DataGrid的背景色

        在用DataGrid作为表格显示数据的时候，有时往往需要根据数据的内容来显示不同的颜色，比如作告警列表时，不同的告警要用不同的颜色表示。修改DataGrid背景色的方法很多，这里介绍一种使用DataGrid的TableStyle属性方法来修改背景色。大致过程如下：

1.      自定义DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn类，继承自DataGridTextBoxColumn

2.      重写(override) Paint方法

3.      用DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn类替代程序中的DataGridTextBoxColumn类

代码如下：代码说明详见代码中的注释，该程序在vs2003下测试通过。程序中用到了TableStyle，如果对于TableStyle不太清楚，请参看我的第一篇文章

                http://blog.csdn.net/tjvictor/archive/2007/01/20/1488549.aspx

程序中所有关于TableStyle的部分都没有加注释。程序的重点在于DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn 类的构造和Paint方法的重写。

代码如下：

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Data;

 

namespace DataGridBackColor

{

     ///<summary>

     /// BackColorForm 的摘要描述。

     ///</summary>

     public class BackColorForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form

     {

         //定义DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn类

         public class DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn : DataGridTextBoxColumn

         {

              //利用DataView来传递当前DataGrid中的数据

              public DataView dv = null;

 

              //重写Paint

              protected override void Paint(Graphics g, Rectangle bounds, CurrencyManager source, int rowNum, Brush backBrush, Brush foreBrush, bool alignToRight)

              {

                  try

                  {

                       //判断DataGrid中每行第一列的数据是否为如下的字符串

                       switch( dv[rowNum].Row[0].ToString() )

                       {

                           case "critical" : backBrush = Brushes.Red; break;//改变颜色

                           case "major" : backBrush = Brushes.Brown; break;//改变颜色

                           case "minor" : backBrush = Brushes.Orange; break;//改变颜色

                           case "warning" : backBrush = Brushes.YellowGreen; break;//改变颜色

                           default : break;

                       }

                  }

                  catch( Exception ex )

                  {

                       MessageBox.Show( ex.Message );

                  }

                  finally

                  {

                       //调用基类的Paint方法

                       base.Paint (g, bounds, source, rowNum, backBrush, foreBrush, alignToRight);

                  }

              }

         }

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid dataGrid;

         private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle TableStyle;

         private DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn Status;

         private DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn TextBox1;

         private DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn TextBox2;

        

         ///<summary>

         ///设计工具所需的变数。

         ///</summary>

         private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

 

         public BackColorForm()

         {

              //

              // Windows Form 设计工具支持的必要项

              //

              InitializeComponent();

 

              //

              // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 呼叫之后加入任何建构函式程序代码

              //

         }

 

         ///<summary>

         ///清除任何使用中的资源。

         ///</summary>

         protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

         {

              if( disposing )

              {

                  if(components != null)

                  {

                       components.Dispose();

                  }

              }

              base.Dispose( disposing );

         }

 

         #region Windows Form 设计工具产生的程序代码

         ///<summary>

         ///此为设计工具支持所必须的方法 - 请勿使用程序代码编辑器修改

         ///这个方法的内容。

         ///</summary>

         private void InitializeComponent()

         {

              this.dataGrid = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid();

              this.TableStyle = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle();

              this.Status = new DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn();

              this.TextBox1 = new DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn();

              this.TextBox2 = new DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn();

              ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid)).BeginInit();

              this.SuspendLayout();

              //

              // dataGrid

              //

              this.dataGrid.CaptionText = "BackColorForm";

              this.dataGrid.DataMember = "";

              this.dataGrid.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;

              this.dataGrid.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;

              this.dataGrid.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);

              this.dataGrid.Name = "dataGrid";

              this.dataGrid.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 266);

              this.dataGrid.TabIndex = 0;

              this.dataGrid.TableStyles.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridTableStyle[] {

                                                                                                               this.TableStyle});

              //

              // TableStyle

              //

              this.TableStyle.AlternatingBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Wheat;

              this.TableStyle.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightGray;

              this.TableStyle.DataGrid = this.dataGrid;

              this.TableStyle.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.MidnightBlue;

              this.TableStyle.GridColumnStyles.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridColumnStyle[] {

                                                                                                                        this.Status,

                                                                                                                        this.TextBox1,

                                                                                                                        this.TextBox2});

              this.TableStyle.GridLineColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;

              this.TableStyle.HeaderBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightBlue;

              this.TableStyle.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;

              this.TableStyle.MappingName = "";

              this.TableStyle.SelectionBackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightSkyBlue;

              this.TableStyle.SelectionForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.WhiteSmoke;

              //

              // Status

              //

              this.Status.Format = "";

              this.Status.FormatInfo = null;

              this.Status.HeaderText = "Status";

              this.Status.MappingName = "";

              this.Status.NullText = "";

              this.Status.Width = 75;

              //

              // TextBox1

              //

              this.TextBox1.Format = "";

              this.TextBox1.FormatInfo = null;

              this.TextBox1.HeaderText = "TextBox1";

              this.TextBox1.MappingName = "";

              this.TextBox1.NullText = "";

              this.TextBox1.Width = 75;

              //

              // TextBox2

              //

              this.TextBox2.Format = "";

              this.TextBox2.FormatInfo = null;

              this.TextBox2.HeaderText = "TextBox2";

              this.TextBox2.MappingName = "";

              this.TextBox2.NullText = "";

              this.TextBox2.Width = 75;

              //

              // BackColorForm

              //

              this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(5, 15);

              this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 266);

              this.Controls.Add(this.dataGrid);

              this.Name = "BackColorForm";

              this.Text = "BackColorForm";

              this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);

              ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid)).EndInit();

              this.ResumeLayout(false);

 

         }

         #endregion

 

         ///<summary>

         ///应用程序的主进入点。

         ///</summary>

         [STAThread]

         static void Main()

         {

              Application.Run(new BackColorForm());

         }

 

         #region User Variable

         private DataTable UserTable = null;

         private DataView UserView = null;

         #endregion

 

         private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              try

              {

                  InitDataTable();

                  InitDataView();

                  InitDataGrid();

                  InitData();

              }

              catch( Exception ex )

              {

                  MessageBox.Show( ex.Message );

              }

         }

        

         private void InitDataTable()

         {

              UserTable = new DataTable("UserTable");

              DataColumn[] d = new DataColumn[4];

              d[0] = new DataColumn("d0",typeof(string));

              d[1] = new DataColumn("d1",typeof(string));

              d[2] = new DataColumn("d2",typeof(string));

              UserTable.Columns.AddRange( d );

 

              TableStyle.MappingName = "UserTable";

              Status.MappingName = "d0";

              TextBox1.MappingName = "d1";

              TextBox2.MappingName = "d2";

         }

 

         private void InitDataView()

         {

              UserView = new DataView();

              UserView.Table = UserTable;

              UserView.AllowNew = false;

 

              //将DataView赋给DataGridColoredTextBoxColumn类中的DataView变量

              Status.dv = UserView;

              TextBox1.dv = UserView;

              TextBox2.dv = UserView;

         }

 

         private void InitDataGrid()

         {

              dataGrid.DataSource = UserView;

         }

 

         private void InitData()

         {

              DataRow r = null;

              //Row 1

              r = UserTable.NewRow();

              r[0] = "critical";

              r[1] = "TextBox11";

              r[2] = "TextBox21";

              UserTable.Rows.Add( r );

              //Row 2

              r = UserTable.NewRow();

              r[0] = "major";

              r[1] = "TextBox12";

              r[2] = "TextBox22";

              UserTable.Rows.Add( r );

              //Row 3

              r = UserTable.NewRow();

              r[0] = "minor";

              r[1] = "TextBox13";

              r[2] = "TextBox23";

              UserTable.Rows.Add( r );

              //Row 4

              r = UserTable.NewRow();

              r[0] = "warning";

              r[1] = "TextBox14";

              r[2] = "TextBox24";

              UserTable.Rows.Add( r );

             

         }

     }

}

 

运行结果如下：

                至此，关于DataGrid的基本用法已经讲完了，DataGrid的功能不仅只是这些，以后我会继续追加关于DataGrid用法的文章。如果是想用ListBox来显示相应的数据并改变背景色的情况，请参见我的另一篇文章

                http://blog.csdn.net/tjvictor/archive/2007/01/20/1488378.aspx